Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
  • Publication
    The effect of Ni and Bi additions on the solderability of Sn-0.7Cu solder coatings
    (Springer, 2019)
    Mohd Izrul Izwan Ramli
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    ;
    P. Narayanan
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    ;
    J. Chaiprapa
    ;
    ;
    S. Yoriya
    ;
    K. Nogita
    The present investigation explores the influence of Ni and Bi on the solderability of Sn-0.7Cu solder coatings. The minor addition of 0.05 wt.% Ni into the Sn-0.7Cu solder alloy results in an improvement in the wettability based on dipping tests. The solderability investigation using a globule mode shows the influence of Ni and Bi on the interfacial intermetallic compound (IMC). The addition of Ni to a Sn-0.7Cu solder coating resulted in a (Cu,Ni)6Sn5 interfacial IMC, which enhanced the solderability performance during the globule test. With an increasing amount of Bi in the Sn-0.7Cu-0.05Ni-xBi solder ball, the surface energy of the solder alloy can be reduced, and this improves the solderability. The synchrotron micro-XRF results indicate that Ni is found in a relatively high concentration in the interfacial layer. Additionally, Bi was found to be homogenously distributed in the bulk solder, which improved solderability.
  • Publication
    Role of sintering temperature in production of nepheline ceramics-based geopolymer with addition of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene
    ( 2022) ; ; ; ;
    Jitrin Chaiprapa
    ;
    Jerzy J. Wysłocki
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    Katarzyna Błoch
    ;
    Fakhryna Hannanee Ahmad Zaidi
    ;
    Marcin Nabiałek
    The primary motivation of developing ceramic materials using geopolymer method is to minimize the reliance on high sintering temperatures. The ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) was added as binder and reinforces the nepheline ceramics based geopolymer. The samples were sintered at 900 °C, 1000 °C, 1100 °C, and 1200 °C to elucidate the influence of sintering on the physical and microstructural properties. The results indicated that a maximum flexural strength of 92 MPa is attainable once the samples are used to be sintered at 1200 °C. It was also determined that the density, porosity, volumetric shrinkage, and water absorption of the samples also affected by the sintering due to the change of microstructure and crystallinity. The IR spectra reveal that the band at around 1400 cm−1 becomes weak, indicating that sodium carbonate decomposed and began to react with the silica and alumina released from gels to form nepheline phases. The sintering process influence in the development of the final microstructure thus improving the properties of the ceramic materials.
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  • Publication
    Microwave-absorbing building materials: Assessing thickness and antenna separation in fly ash-ladle furnace slag one-part geopolymer
    ( 2024-06-15)
    Yong-Jie H.
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    ;
    Lee Yeng Seng
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    ; ;
    Wei-Hao L.
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    Pakawanit P.
    ;
    Ern-Hun K.
    ;
    Shee-Ween O.
    This paper aims to examine the effect of thickness (20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 mm) and antenna separation (20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 mm) on microwave absorption ability of fly ash-ladle furnace slag one-part geopolymer. The one-part geopolymers exhibited a dense structure with a good compressive strength of 39.2 MPa, which satisfies the minimum requirement for structural building (>28.0 MPa). The geopolymers had good dielectric properties with a low dielectric constant and increased dielectric loss and loss tangent, subsequently contributing to the microwave absorption properties. The microwave absorption ability increased from 60.0% to >80.0% at an optimal thickness of 100.0 mm and antenna separation of 20.0 mm. The presence of calcium-silicate-hydrate (C–S–H) refined the microstructure and enhanced the microwave absorption performance. This work offered an optimal thickness and antenna separation to maximize the microwave absorption ability, which is crucial for reducing microwave interference and preventing public exposure in regions with widespread deployment of Wi-Fi and 5G networks.
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