Now showing 1 - 10 of 27
  • Publication
    Development A Portable Solar Energy Measurement System
    ( 2021-07-26)
    Atika Z.
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    ;
    Iszaidy I.
    ;
    ; ; ;
    Wafi N.M.
    ;
    Saw S.X.
    This project presents the design and development a portable measurement device for measure and monitor solar panel parameters by using Internet of Things (IoT) concept. Solar energy measurement plays a very important role in the measurement of parameter reading for the determination of output generated, but the challenge is only performed manually at the work site using a clamp meter or a multimeter. Furthermore, it was very difficult to get the value at that time, and the data recovery error occurred. There are three specific objectives have been used for the project. Firstly, the relevant circuits for this project are design and built the circuit by using software. The output of the measurement solar irradiance, ambient temperature, solar panel temperature, current and voltage value were displayed on LCD. Next, IoT concept is used for solar panel measurement and monitoring. The value of the measurement and monitoring is used ThingSpeak cloud and ThingView application on the smartphone. It can be collected the portable solar for the energy measurement system can monitor on site, anywhere and anytime using IoT platform.
  • Publication
    Integration of a Gamma-Type Stirling Engine with LPG Cooking Stove for Micro-Scale Combined Heat and Power Generation
    ( 2023-08-01)
    Jufrizal
    ;
    Napitupulu F.H.
    ;
    Ilmi
    ;
    Ambarita H.
    ;
    Supriatno
    ;
    The Stirling engine is one of the most versatile micro-scale prime movers for combined heat and power applications, adaptable to different levels of heat sources. This study started a unique journey that included developing, experimenting, and analyzing the Gamma-type Stirling engine. Notably, the engine design ingeniously harnesses heat from a customized cooking stove burner powered by liquefied petroleum gas. The engine fabrication resulted in a compression ratio 2.014, accommodating a volumetric capacity of 181 cc. The Stirling engine test used air as the working gas, and the initial conditions were at atmospheric pressure. Stirling engine performance was analyzed using an ideal thermodynamic cycle model and burner efficiency using the water boiling method. The modified burner attains an average temperature of 699.5°C, producing a burner power output of 5.702 kW and a thermal efficiency of 32.7% or around 1.867 kW of heat for operating the engine and cooking activities. Simultaneously, tests of the Stirling engine revealed an average air temperature difference of 146.2°C between the expansion and compression phases. The flywheel rotation speed ranges from 158 to 369 rpm. During testing, the Stirling engine obtained an average thermal efficiency of 31.08%, accompanied by an ideal power spectrum ranging from 0.3 W to 42.6 W. The highlight of this study was the maximum pressure achieved at the end of the heat absorption stage, recorded at 296.1 kPa. Importantly, these findings underscore the promising potential of micro-Combined Heat and Power systems. Integrating the gamma-type Stirling engine with the LPG stove represents novelty and paves the way for further development and advancement in sustainable energy solutions.
  • Publication
    Experimental Investigation on Thermal Conductivity of Palm Oil and Zinc Oxide PFAE-based Nanofluids
    Vegetable oil (VO) have been constantly researched as an alternative to the conventional mineral oil (MO) in the application of transformer insulation liquid. VO is deemed as a suitable replacement for MO as they are a renewable source, cheaper in price, and have a high thermal conductivity, high flashpoint, and high breakdown voltage value. In addition, the trending interest in nanofluids has made it possible to further improved the insulating properties of VOs. This paper reports the experimental results of thermal conductivity test of Palm oil-based nanofluids and Palm fatty acid ester (PFAE)-based nanofluids. The nanoparticles used in this work is Zinc Oxide (ZnO) <50nm nano powder and the nanofluid (NF) samples are varied by low, medium and high concentrations. The test was conducted at 9 different temperatures from 25°C to 65°C with 5°C gap. The result shows that a low and medium concentration nanofluid has an improvement in thermal conductivity value, up to 42.6% and 59.5% respectively for palm oil-based nanofluid. Meanwhile, the high concentration palm oil-based nanofluid has lower enhancement in thermal conductivity value at certain temperatures. As for PFAE-based nanofluids, the thermal conductivity value has improved by up to 27% and 14.4% for medium and high concentration respectively. Nanofluids with medium concentration of ZnO, has the highest enhancement in insulating and cooling properties for both palm oil and PFAE-based nanofluids. This observation is supported by the kinematic viscosity value of the mentioned nanofluid.
  • Publication
    Analysis of AC voltage and current waveform distortion on SPWM transformerless photovoltaic inverter
    ( 2017-10-01) ;
    Hermansyah Alam
    ;
    Mohd Yusoff Mashor
    ;
    Mahrizal Masri
    ;
    ; ;
    Butar-Butar A.H.
    Normally, the low frequency (50Hz) inverter uses a transformer that is bigger in size, heavy and expensive. For reducing the size, weight and manufacturing cost, the SPWM TPVI is suitable, it can generate a sinusoidal AC waveform which is suitable for the long life of AC loads. This paper presents an analysis of AC voltage and current waveform distortion on sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) transformerless photovoltaic inverter (TPVI). The sinusoidal waveform is developed based on the SPWM technique by installing an LC filter at the end terminal of full bridge inverter. It is due to no optimum value of LC components and AC load, whereas the AC voltage and current waveform will be distorted. Thus, it is very important to analyze the distortion of AC voltage and current waveform.
  • Publication
    Potential of roselle and blue pea in the dye-sensitized solar cell
    ( 2017-09-26)
    Dayang Suriani
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    ;
    Gomesh Nair
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    This paper discovers the use of natural dyes from Roselle flower and Blue Pea flower which act as a sensitizer in DSSC and in addition has a potential in absorbing visible light spectrum. The dyes were extracted using distilled water (DI) and ethanol (E) extract solvent in an ultrasonic cleaner for 30 minutes with a frequency of 37 Hz by using 'degas' mode at the temperature of 30°C. Absorption spectra of roselle dye and blue pea dye with different extract solvent were tested using Evolution 201 UV-Vis Spectrophotometer. It was found that Roselle dye absorbs at a range of 400 nm - 620 nm and Blue Pea absorbs at the range of wavelength 500 nm - 680 nm. Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) was used to identify the functional active group in extract dye. The concept of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC) similar to photosynthesis process has attracted much attention since it demonstrates a great potential due to the use of low-cost materials and environmentally friendly sources of technology.
  • Publication
    Design of multiple Pulse Width Modulation (MPWM) Transformerless Photovoltaic Inverter (TPVI) system
    ( 2020-01-07)
    Alam H.
    ;
    ;
    Mohd Yusoff Mashor
    ;
    Masri M.
    A normal inverter always uses a transformer. By presenting a transformer in the inverter causes its size, losses and efficiency to be relative big, high and low, respectively. An alternative to remove the transformer is very important to solve the problems, but it is still has good performance, especially in the required power quality. This paper presents a design of multiple pulse width modulation (MPWM) transformer less photovoltaic inverter (TPVI) system. It consists of a full bridge inverter circuit, a photovoltaic (PV) voltage storage circuit, a pulse driver circuit, and a circuit of LC filter. An experimental setup is conducted to observe the performance of MPWM TPVI system. The result shows that its performance depend on the solar irradiance and temperature because it operates directly on the sunny day.
  • Publication
    Optimum sizing of photovoltaic powered uninterruptible power supply system
    ( 2017-10-01)
    Mahrizal Masri
    ;
    ;
    Hermansyah Alam
    ;
    ;
    Butar-Butar A.H.
    Inverters installed in the photovoltaic (PV) powered uninterruptible power supply (UPS) system consist of battery and also PV module. An optimum number of PV module and battery should be considered to reduce costs and technical works. The PV powered UPS system is operated directly by the PV module, therefore, an optimization sizing of PV powered UPS system should be studied in terms of optimum PV module number that related to the power capacity of PV powered UPS system, solar radiation and temperature. This paper presents an optimum sizing of PV powered UPS system application. A mathematical modeling is created to obtain the optimum number of PV module and battery. The result shows that for 12V, 100W PV powered UPS system applying the 60W, 21V PV module, 12V, 100Ah battery, 700W AC load power, thus, the optimum number of PV module and battery are 20 modules and 5 pieces, respectively.
  • Publication
    Analysis on the Effect of DC Current Changes on the Magnetic Field of Wireless Power Transfer
    ( 2023-01-01) ;
    Ali M.B.
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    Nugraha Y.T.
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    ;
    Nisja I.
    ;
    The generation of electromagnetic radiation in a solenoid, driven by alternating current (AC) voltage, is directly influenced by the voltage and current flowing through the solenoid. Exploiting this concept, wireless power transfer (WPT) systems can be developed. These systems consist of a sending coil and a receiving coil, both equipped with solenoids. The sending coil is connected to a half bridge circuit to generate AC voltage, which is then transmitted to the receiver coil. In this study, the effects of various factors on the performance of the wireless power transfer system were investigated, with a particular focus on the impact of DC voltage and input DC current. To examine these effects, an experimental setup was employed where the transmitter and receiver coils were powered by a DC voltage source. By varying the voltage and current parameters, the study aimed to analyze their influence on the wireless power transfer process. The simulation results show that 100 V and 150 V of DC current will produce 36.54 A and 54.8 A of input DC current respectively with constant resistor 7.54×10-2 Ω. The result shows that the input DC current is directly proportional with the magnetic field, AC current at sending and receiving coil, voltage at sending and receiving coil and AC power at receiving coil. Increasing the input DC current will increase the magnetic field, AC current at sending coil and receiver coil, voltage at transmitter coil and receiving coil and AC power at receiving coil and vice versa.
  • Publication
    Performance power evaluation of DC fan cooling system for PV panel by using ANSYS CFX
    A research has been conducted to find the optimum combination for DC fan air cooling system of photovoltaic (PV) panel. During normal operation of PV panel, it is estimated that only 15 % of solar radiation is converted into electrical energy. Meanwhile, the rest of the solar radiation is converted into heat energy which affects the performance of the PV panel. Therefore, the aim of this research is to investigate the performance power evaluation of DC fan cooling system for PV panel by using ANSYS CFX. The effect of airflow configuration of DC fan has been investigated. This is to analyze whether the airflow circulation of DC fan cause a change towards the maximum temperature of PV panel. Besides, the impact of varying number of DC fans attached at the back of PV panel is evaluated. The result of airflow circulation of DC fan has been discussed. Meanwhile, with the increment number of DC fans, the PV panel temperature drops significantly. As a conclusion, the optimum number of DC fans is two with the combination of inlet airflow.
  • Publication
    Performance Analysis of Photovoltaic Powered Half Bridge Inverter Using Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM) Method
    ( 2024-06-07) ;
    Ibrahim H.S.
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    Nugraha Y.T.
    ;
    Indra Nisja
    Solar module is widely used in this modern world nowadays. It is not only can be found in industrial companies but also houses because many houses use solar as a generator for electrical appliances. This project included designing, analysing and observing the PV model and half-bridge inverter using SPWM method. The Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) also included. The method includes connecting the solar module with other connection such as op-amp and gating blocks as to observe the performance of the PV and inverter respectively. The FFT is being applied to the output waveform of the result and next the value of Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) of the signal is being analysed. To calculate the THD, the amplitudes of the harmonics are required and FFT can be an assist of to determine the THD value. As the output waveform is in square waveform it is possible to perform FFT.