Nor Azura Malini Ahmad Hambali
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Preferred name
Nor Azura Malini Ahmad Hambali
Official Name
Nor Azura Malini, Ahmad Hambali
Alternative Name
Hambali, N. A. M. Ahmad
Hambali, N. A. M. A.
Hambali, Nor Azura Malini Ahmad
Idris, N. A.
Hambali, N. Azura M. Ahmad
Main Affiliation
Scopus Author ID
27567626900
Researcher ID
JFK-8606-2023

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  • Publication
    Characteristics of multiwavelength fiber laser employing semiconductor optical amplifier in nonlinear optical loop mirror with different length polarization maintaining fiber
    ( 2020-01-08)
    Husshini N.F.H.
    ;
    Nor Azura Malini Ahmad Hambali
    ;
    Mohamad Halim Abd. Wahid
    ;
    Shahimin M.
    ;
    Mohd Najib Mohd Yasin
    ;
    Norshamsuri Ali @ Hasim
    ;
    Al-Asadi H.A.A.
    In this paper, we propose and demonstrate generated characteristics of a multiwavelength fiber laser based on semiconductor optical amplifier in a nonlinear optical loop mirror with different length of polarization maintaining fiber. The configuration comprises 3-dB optical coupler, semiconductor optical amplifier and, 2 meters and 10 meters of polarization maintaining fiber. Characteristics of multiwavelength fiber laser are studied through the use of polarization maintaining fiber at different lengths. The experimental results revealed the number of lasing lines increases with the increment of the polarization maintaining fiber length. The polarization maintaining fiber with 10 meters of length has the ability to generate a higher number of lasing lines up to 47 signals with semiconductor optical amplifier injected current at 180mA, respectively. However, in terms of average peak power and average optical signal to noise ratio, the 2 meter of polarization maintaining fiber length has the capability to produce a higher value which is 0.45mW at 250mA of semiconductor optical amplifier driven current and 28.86dB at 170mA of semiconductor optical amplifier driven current, respectively. Furthermore, it is observable that this configuration capable to generate a wider bandwidth which is operating in the conventional (C) band to long (L) band at the room temperature.
  • Publication
    Characterization of all-optical Tofolli and Peres gates employing optimized SOA-NOLM
    ( 2020-01-08)
    Nur Hafizah Ghazali
    ;
    Mohamad Halim Abd. Wahid
    ;
    Nor Azura Malini Ahmad Hambali
    ;
    Nurjuliana Juhari
    ;
    Zahari S.M.
    ;
    Shahimin M.M.
    In this work, all-optical reversible gates namely Tofolli and Peres are studied and characterized. The gates utilize semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) in nonlinear loop optical mirror (NOLM). The reversible gates are performed at data rate 10 Gb/s with narrow Gaussian pulses as input signals. Delay of 130 ps and injection current of 170 mA have displayed the optimum outputs in the SOA-NOLM. Extinction ratio is greatly reduced, thus less noise interferes the logic operation in this simple technique. It is observed that Peres gate has shown a higher output power compare to Toffoli gate. This could be due to multiple amplification that are experienced by the signals. Other than the gain, injection current and delay are shown to give major effect in producing the correct bits at the outputs. The SOA-NOLM also can be cascaded for other arithmetic signal processing operation at high frequency. It is also recorded that the design consumes low power especially in small signal gain process. Thus, the design indicates its versatility to be executed in photonic integrated circuits for ultrafast signal control through fiber networks.
  • Publication
    Loop Mirror Multi-wavelength Brillouin Fiber Laser Utilizing Semiconductor Optical Amplifier and Fiber Bragg Grating
    ( 2017-02-01)
    Najwa Idris
    ;
    Nor Azura Malini Ahmad Hambali
    ;
    Mohamad Halim Abd. Wahid
    ;
    Ariffin N.
    ;
    Shahimin M.
    ;
    Mohd. Azarulsani Md. Azidin
    In this paper, the development of loop mirror multi-wavelength Brillouin fiber laser utilizing semiconductor optical amplifier and fiber Bragg grating is successfully demonstrated. A multi-wavelength BFL structure employs a single mode fiber that acts as the gain medium, while the fiber Bragg grating act to reflect the signals and semiconductor optical amplifier is used to amplify the signal are employed to produce multiple channels. The implementation of difference parameter for semiconductor optical amplifier driven current, Brillouin pump power, Brillouin pump wavelength and length of single mode fiber, plays an important role in producing the multiple channels. The highest number of channels which is 15 achieved once 9 km of SMF length, semiconductor optical amplifier current at 800mA and low Brillouin pump power at-12 dBm are utilized in the laser structure. Furthermore, the implementation of semiconductor optical amplifier and reflectivity of fiber Bragg grating in Brillouin fiber laser structure gives a better performance in producing the multiple channels.
  • Publication
    UWB triplet and quadruplet pulses generation employs nonlinear effect in semiconductor optical amplifier nonlinear loop mirror
    ( 2020-01-08)
    Zahari, Suhaila Mohd
    ;
    Mohamad Halim Abd. Wahid
    ;
    Nor Azura Malini Ahmad Hambali
    ;
    Nurjuliana Juhari
    ;
    Ghazali N.F.
    ;
    Shahimin M.M.
    Ultrawideband (UWB) triplet and quadruplet pulses generation exploits nonlinear effect in semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) in nonlinear loop mirror (NOLM) is investigated in this work. Two signals are transmitted through the SOA-NOLM simultaneously to create cross-phase modulation (XPM) effect. Firstly, the XPM causes the production of doublet which later combines for creation of triplet and quadruplet. This technique engages a proper tuning of optical delay and a selection of suitable power in all loops. Besides, injection current of the SOAs also governs the formation of these pulses. Although, frequency of the signals can be varied accordingly, the pulses are limited to certain adjustment that shifted its position in time domain. Furthermore, the set up can also be assessed for monocycle and doublet pulses by extracting the output at several positions. It can be concluded that the design may work as multiple pulses generation. All pulses are examined and compared with their electrical spectrum counterpart for validity of this approach.
  • Publication
    Thermal analysis of LED packaging with single-walled carbon nanotube heat sink
    ( 2023-12)
    C. K. Keong
    ;
    Nor Azura Malini Ahmad Hambali
    ;
    Mohamad Halim Abd. Wahid
    ;
    Norshamsuri Ali @ Hasim
    ;
    H. Mohamad
    The thermal issue is still the bottleneck of a light emitting diode (LED) system to sustain its operational performance. In this paper, we design, simulated, and analysed an LED packaging with single walled carbon nanotubes as a heat sink. The 5W LED packaging is simulated with different types of LED chips materials which comprise gallium nitride, indium nitride, zinc oxide, zinc selenide and titanium dioxide. Using LED chips materials as the heat source, the heat flow is conducted through the bottom layer to the heat sink and dissipates by convection or radiation heat transfer to the surrounding. The addition of thin film on top of the phosphorus layer functions to enhance the recombination rate and guided the flow of heat to the bottom. The 5W titanium dioxide light emitted diode packaging (LED packaging C) has been successfully demonstrated to have overall temperature reduced to around ~10°C by using single walled carbon nanotube heat sink as compared to copper heat sink and aluminium heat sink. Meanwhile, carbon material as thermal interface material and substrate also plays a major role as a thermal cooling solution in LED packaging. For 5W titanium dioxide light emitted diode packaging, under self-heating conditions, the maximum average temperature generated is 81.05 °C. Despite that, under convection conditions, the maximum average temperature generated is 41.53°C.
  • Publication
    Critical analysis of stability and performance of organometal halide perovskite solar cells via various fabrication method (Review)
    ( 2017)
    Suriati Suhaimi
    ;
    Zaliman Sauli
    ;
    Nor Azura Malini Ahmad Hambali
    ;
    Mohamad Halim Abd. Wahid
    ;
    Vithyacharan Retnasamy
    ;
    Mukhzeer Mohamad Shahimin
    Organometal halide perovskite solar cells (Omh-PSCs) have attracted attention due to its unique electrical and optical properties. Ideally, the Omh-PSCs should remain free from degradation under normal operating conditions for several years, preferably tens of years. In order to produce high power conversion efficiency with low potential of degradation, different fabrication methods have been developed. The reported stability of perovskite films can vary significantly and reported to decay substantially up to 20% of its original performance. A thorough understanding of fabrication process upon the stability of the device is regarded as crucial to pave the way for future endeavors. This review summarized and highlighted the recent research of fabrication methods that gave an impact to the stability of perovskite devices.
  • Publication
    Multiwavelength fiber laser employing semiconductor optical amplifier in nonlinear optical loop mirror with polarization controller and polarization maintaining fiber
    ( 2020-01-08)
    Husshini N.F.H.
    ;
    Nor Azura Malini Ahmad Hambali
    ;
    Mohamad Halim Abd. Wahid
    ;
    Shahimin M.M.
    ;
    Mohd Najib Mohd Yasin
    ;
    Norshamsuri Ali @ Hasim
    ;
    Al-Asadi H.A.A.
    ;
    Raghavendra C.G.
    This paper demonstrates multiwavelength fiber laser employing semiconductor optical amplifier in nonlinear optical loop mirror with polarization controller and polarization maintaining fiber. The configuration consists of a 3-dB coupler, polarization controller and several lengths of polarization maintaining fiber. The results showed a single polarization controller with 5 meters of polarization maintaining fiber length generated 36 of lasing lines at 160mA of semiconductor optical amplifier current. In addition, for the average peak power and average optical signal to noise ratio, the 2 meters of polarization maintaining fiber length with single polarization controller in the nonlinear optical loop mirror shows higher values, 0.55mW at 210mA and 31.98dB at 210mA, respectively. Both gain media have a wider bandwidth operating in the C-band and L-band at room temperature.