Rafiza Abd Razak
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Preferred name
Rafiza Abd Razak
Official Name
Rafiza, Abd Razak
Alternative Name
Rafiza, Abd Razak
Rafiza, Abdul Razak
Abdul Razak, Rafiza
Rafiza, R. A.
Razak, Rafiza Abd
Rafiza, A. R.
Abdul Razak, R.
Razak, R. A.
Razak, Rafiza Abdul
Razak, A. R.
Abd Razak, R.
Main Affiliation
Scopus Author ID
51161919900
Researcher ID
AAL-1501-2020

Research Output

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  • Publication
    Finite element analysis on structural behaviour of geopolymer reinforced concrete beam using Johnson-Cook damage in Abaqus
    ( 2022-01-01)
    Nurul Aida Mohd Mortar
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Kamarudin Hussin
    ;
    Rafiza Abd Razak
    ;
    Sanusi Hamat
    ;
    Hilmi A.H.
    ;
    Shahedan N.N.
    ;
    Li L.Y.
    ;
    Aziz I.H.A.
    This paper details a finite element analysis of the behaviour of Si-Al geopolymer concrete beam reinforced steel bar under an impulsive load and hyper velocity speed up to 1 km/s created by an air blast explosion. The initial torsion stiffness and ultimate torsion strength of the beam increased with increasing compressive strength and decreasing stirrup ratio. The study involves building a finite element model to detail the stress distribution and compute the level of damage, displacement, and cracks development on the geopolymer concrete reinforcement beam. This was done in ABAQUS, where a computational model of the finite element was used to determine the elasticity, plasticity, concrete tension damages, concrete damage plasticity, and the viability of the Johnson-Cook Damage method on the Si-Al geopolymer concrete. The results from the numerical simulation show that an increase in the load magnitude at the midspan of the beam leads to a percentage increase in the ultimate damage of the reinforced geopolymer beams failing in shear plastic deformation. The correlation between the numerical and experimental blasting results confirmed that the damage pattern accurately predicts the response of the steel reinforcement Si-Al geopolymer concrete beams, concluded that decreasing the scaled distance from 0.298 kg/m3 to 0.149 kg/m3 increased the deformation percentage.
  • Publication
    Identifying Real Estate Buyer's Feedback on Three-Dimensional Mock-Up Model Among House Buyers in Malaysia
    ( 2024-04-19)
    Fazdliel Aswad Ibrahim
    ;
    Hang Y.H.
    ;
    Shafiei M.W.M.
    ;
    Rafiza Abd Razak
    ;
    Nur Soleha Abdul Rahim
    ;
    Norsyakilah Romeli
    Marketing communications are intended to convey messages or information to target users. In today's competitive business environment, products and services companies need to make sure that the communications they use are effective as consumers are made up of many features that have different perspectives and feedback. However, there is almost no specific study in this regard that focuses on the housing sector. Therefore, the aim of this research is to study the real estate buyers' response towards the marketing communications process and the marketing communication channels which are used in the housing industry in marketing the real estate property. A set of survey questions will be used in conjunction with a three-dimensional mock-up housing model in collecting the response from the real estate buyers in Malaysia. The data collection will be conducted through social media platforms where the convenience of non-probability sampling method is used in this study to obtain the real estate buyer's feedback. This study uses a quantitative method of survey to collect the data. The study data will be analysed using SPSS (Statistical package for the social sciences) software. The expectation of this study is to support the research literature on marketing communications in general as well as the real estate sector, in addition to provide guidance for real estate developers to improve their marketing communications, thus protecting the social interests of home buyers.
  • Publication
    A Review on the Concrete Durability Exposed to Different Wet-Dry Cycles Conditions
    ( 2024-04-19)
    Zarina Yahya
    ;
    Rafiza Abd Razak
    ;
    Khairunnisa Muhamad
    Concrete structure is prone to corrosion and weathering when built near marine environment. The greater damage on the concrete can be observed when it involves wet-dry action such as tidal waves combine with the existence of aggressive ions such as sulphate and chloride in seawater. The objective of this study is to review on the mechanism of sulphate, chloride attack toward concrete, parameters that influence the wet-dry action and identify the overview of research trends. The mechanism of sulphate and chloride attack during wet-dry action had reciprocal inhibiting effect on concrete and the penetration level for each ion also vary. The physical and mechanical damage of concrete exposed to wet-dry action also influence by wet-dry ratio, number of cycles and temperature during drying process. The main compound detected during exposure period are Friedel salt, ettringite, mirabilite and thenardite which can cause concrete delamination and spalling.
  • Publication
    A State-of-the-Art review on innovative geopolymer composites designed for water and wastewater treatment
    ( 2021)
    Ismail Luhar
    ;
    Salmabanu Luhar
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Rafiza Abd Razak
    ;
    Petrica Vizureanu
    ;
    Andrei Victor Sandu
    ;
    Petre-Daniel Matasaru
    There is nothing more fundamental than clean potable water for living beings next to air. On the other hand, wastewater management is cropping up as a challenging task day-by-day due to lots of new additions of novel pollutants as well as the development of infrastructures and regulations that could not maintain its pace with the burgeoning escalation of populace and urbanizations. Therefore, momentous approaches must be sought-after to reclaim fresh water from wastewaters in order to address this great societal challenge. One of the routes is to clean wastewater through treatment processes using diverse adsorbents. However, most of them are unsustainable and quite costly e.g. activated carbon adsorbents, etc. Quite recently, innovative, sustainable, durable, affordable, user and eco-benevolent Geopolymer composites have been brought into play to serve the purpose as a pretty novel subject matter since they can be manufactured by a simple process of Geopolymerization at low temperature, lower energy with mitigated carbon footprints and marvellously, exhibit outstanding properties of physical and chemical stability, ion-exchange, dielectric characteristics, etc., with a porous structure and of course lucrative too because of the incorporation of wastes with them, which is in harmony with the goal to transit from linear to circular economy, i.e., “one’s waste is the treasure for another”. For these reasons, nowadays, this ground-breaking inorganic class of amorphous alumina-silicate materials are drawing the attention of the world researchers for designing them as adsorbents for water and wastewater treatment where the chemical nature and structure of the materials have a great impact on their adsorption competence. The aim of the current most recent state-of-the-art and scientometric review is to comprehend and assess thoroughly the advancements in geo-synthesis, properties and applications of geopolymer composites designed for the elimination of hazardous contaminants viz., heavy metal ions, dyes, etc. The adsorption mechanisms and effects of various environmental conditions on adsorption efficiency are also taken into account for review of the importance of Geopolymers as most recent adsorbents to get rid of the death-defying and toxic pollutants from wastewater with a view to obtaining reclaimed potable and sparkling water for reuse offering to trim down the massive crisis of scarcity of water promoting sustainable water and wastewater treatment for greener environments. The appraisal is made on the performance estimation of Geopolymers for water and wastewater treatment along with the three-dimensional printed components are characterized for mechanical, physical and chemical attributes, permeability and Ammonium (NH4+) ion removal competence of Geopolymer composites as alternative adsorbents for sequestration of an assortment of contaminants during wastewater treatment.
  • Publication
    Geopolymer-based artificial aggregates: a review on methods of producing, properties, and improving techniques
    ( 2022)
    Mohammad Almadani
    ;
    Rafiza Abd Razak
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Rosnita Mohamed
    The depletion of aggregate-related natural resources is the primary concern of all researchers globally. Recent studies emphasize the significance of recycling and reusing various types of natural or by-product material waste from industry as a result of the building industry’s rising demand for aggregate as the primary component in concrete production. It has been demonstrated that the geopolymer system has exceptional features, such as high strength, superior durability, and greater resistance to fire exposure, making it a viable alternative to ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) concrete. This study will examine the present method utilized to generate artificial aggregate-based geopolymers, including their physical and mechanical properties, as well as their characterization. The production process of geopolymer derived from synthetic aggregates will be highlighted. In conjunction with the bonding of aggregates and the cement matrix, the interfacial transition zone (ITZ) is highlighted in this work as an additional important property to be researched in the future. It will be discussed how to improve the properties of geopolymers based on artificial aggregates. It has been demonstrated that cold bonding provides superior qualities for artificial aggregate while conserving energy during production. The creation of ITZ has a significant impact on the bonding strength between artificial aggregates and the cement matrix. Additionally, improvement strategies demonstrate viable methods for enhancing the quality of manufactured aggregates. In addition, other recommendations are discussed in this study for future work.
  • Publication
    Rice husk (RH) as additive in fly ash based geopolymer mortar
    ( 2017-09-26)
    Zarina Yahya
    ;
    Rafiza Abd Razak
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Mohd Azrin Adzhar Rahim
    ;
    Armia Nasri
    In recent year, the Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) concrete is vastly used as main binder in construction industry which lead to depletion of natural resources in order to manufacture large amount of OPC. Nevertheless, with the introduction of geopolymer as an alternative binder which is more environmental friendly due to less emission of carbon dioxide (CO2) and utilized waste materials can overcome the problems. Rice husk (RH) is an agricultural residue which can be found easily in large quantity due to production of paddy in Malaysia and it's usually disposed in landfill. This paper investigated the effect of rice husk (RH) content on the strength development of fly ash based geopolymer mortar. The fly ash is replaced with RH by 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% where the sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide was used as alkaline activator. A total of 45 cubes were casted and their compressive strength, density and water absorption were evaluated at 1, 3, and 7 days. The result showed compressive strength decreased when the percentage of RH increased. At 5% replacement of RH, the maximum strength of 17.1MPa was recorded at day 7. The geopolymer has lowest rate of water absorption (1.69%) at 20% replacement of RH. The density of the sample can be classified as lightweight geopolymer concrete.
  • Publication
    Marshall stability of porous asphalt mixture incorporating kenaf fiber
    ( 2022)
    Nur Ezreen Jasni
    ;
    Khairi Azman Masri
    ;
    Ramadhansyah Putra Jaya
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Rafiza Abd Razak
    ;
    Marcin Nabiałek
    ;
    Katarzyna Błoch
    ;
    Agata Śliwa
    Porous asphalt mixture (PA), known as open-graded surfaces over a stone bed underneath, allows water to go through. These factors can affect the porous asphalt mixture adhesive strength. The high amount of course aggregate promotes the structure of air voids have certain impacts on the acoustic properties of porous asphalt. The materials properties are consisting of both aggregate and bitumen tests. This study also details out the aggregates sieve analysis test to develop new aggregate gradation for PA. According to five ASEAN countries’ specifications, the sieve analysis test was done. The countries included are Malaysia, Vietnam, Thailand, Singapore, and Indonesia. The test for the binder includes the softening point, penetration, and ductility. This study also investigates the addition of kenaf fiber in the mixture as an additive. Mechanical performance test for PA using Marshall Stability test to identify the strength and the properties of the conventional PA with the addition of kenaf fiber compared to the new gradation of PA incorporating kenaf fiber. From the results, the addition of 0.3% kenaf modified PA improved the performance of PA in terms of Marshall Stability and volumetric properties
  • Publication
    Durability of geopolymer lightweight concrete infilled LECA in seawater exposure
    ( 2017-11-23)
    Rafiza Abd Razak
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Zarina Yahya
    ;
    Hamid M.
    This paper describes a development of lightweight concrete using lightweight expanded clay aggregate (LECA) in fly ash (FA) based geopolymer immersed in seawater. The objective of this research is to compare the performance of geopolymer concrete (GPC) with ordinary Portland cement (OPC) concrete infilled lightweight expanded clay aggregate (LECA) in seawater exposure. Geopolymer concrete is produced by using alkaline activator to activate the raw material, FA. The highest compressive strength of this study is 42.0 MPa at 28 days and 49.8 MPa at 60 days. The density for this concrete is in the range of 1580 kg/m3 to 1660 kg/m3. The result for water absorption is in the range of 6.82% to 14.72%. However, the test results of weight loss is in the range between 0.30% to 0.43%.
  • Publication
    Development of Self Consolidating Concrete (SCC) using crushed waste clay brick as alternative aggregate
    (IOP Publishing, 2020)
    Nur Ain Hamiruddin
    ;
    Khairunnisa Muhamad
    ;
    Norrazman Zaiha Zaino
    ;
    Rafiza Abd Razak
    ;
    Mohd Zulham Affandi Mohd Zahid
    In housing construction, concrete are materials that will be used extensively to produce a wall structure that accommodates the load. However, the problem is the cost of producing by using natural resources, as it is a major mineral is difficult to find sufficient natural aggregate supply sources since high demand. Therefore, the lack of natural aggregate and its increasing demand leads to an alternative to be developed to replace the natural aggregate. This study investigated the effect of utilization of waste clay brick in Self Compacting Concrete (SCC) on its properties and performance. The waste clay brick (WBS) was replaced as fine aggregate in SCC from 10% to 30%. As the amount of waste clay brick in SCC increases, its workability and also Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity (UPV) quality decreases while the water absorption increases. The highest average compressive strength achieved was 43.3 MPa and for splitting tensile strength was 12 MPa respectively; both at 25% of WCB replacement. All test results showed that the optimum percentage to replace waste clay brick in SCC is 25% and it has the potential to be replaced as fine aggregate in SCC.
  • Publication
    Waste material via geopolymerization for heavy-duty application: a review
    (MDPI, 2022)
    Marwan Kheimi
    ;
    Ikmal Hakem Aziz
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Mohammad Almadani
    ;
    Rafiza Abd Razak
    Due to the extraordinary properties for heavy-duty applications, there has been a great deal of interest in the utilization of waste material via geopolymerization technology. There are various advantages offered by this geopolymer-based material, such as excellent stability, exceptional impermeability, self-refluxing ability, resistant thermal energy from explosive detonation, and excellent mechanical performance. An overview of the work with the details of key factors affecting the heavy-duty performance of geopolymer-based material such as type of binder, alkali agent dosage, mixing design, and curing condition are reviewed in this paper. Interestingly, the review exhibited that different types of waste material containing a large number of chemical elements had an impact on mechanical performance in military, civil engineering, and road application. Finally, this work suggests some future research directions for the the remarkable of waste material through geopolymerization to be employed in heavy-duty application.
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