Publication:
Tin and germanium substitution in lead free perovskite solar cell: current status and future trends
Tin and germanium substitution in lead free perovskite solar cell: current status and future trends
Date
2020
Authors
Ayu Wazira Azhari
Faith Shi Xin Then
Dewi Suriyani Che Halin
Suhaila Sepeai
Norasikin Ahmad Ludin
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
IOP Publishing
Research Projects
Organizational Units
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Abstract
Tin and germanium-based perovskite solar cell is gaining interest in lead-free perovskite solar cells as it is less toxic as compared to lead but possess almost all the characteristics of a perfect solar cell materials. Within 5 years, the reported efficiency of tin-based solar cells has increased from 6.4% to 9%. Although facing with stability issues as it is easily oxidised in ambient air, several studies have proven that the stability issues can be reduced. One of it is by using cesium as the 'A' cation. On the other hand, although studies on germanium-based perovskite solar cells are rarely conducted, promising results are shown when it is alloyed with tin producing narrower bandgaps and better stability owing to the protection of the GeO2 surface layer.