ENG and NZRI Characteristics of Decagonal-Shaped Metamaterial for Wearable Applications

A decagonal-shaped split ring resonator metamaterial based on a wearable or textile-based material is presented in this work. Analysis and comparison of various structure sizes are compared considering a compact 6\times 6\ \mathrm{m}\mathrm{m}{2} metamaterial unit cell, in particular, where robust transmission-reflection (RTR) and Nicolson-Ross-Weir (NRW) methods have been performed to extract the effective metamaterial parameters. An investigation based on the RTR method indicated an average bandwidth of 1.39 GHz with a near-zero refractive index (NZRI) and a 2.35 GHz bandwidth when considering epsilon negative (ENG) characteristics. On the other hand, for the NRW method, approximately 0.95 GHz of NZRI bandwidth and 2.46 GHz of ENG bandwidth have been observed, respectively. These results are also within the ultra-wideband (UWB) frequency range, suggesting that the proposed unit cell structure is suitable for textile UWB antennas, biomedical sensors, related wearable systems, and other wireless body area network communication systems.