Now showing 1 - 6 of 6
  • Publication
    Phase analysis of different liquid ratio on Metakaolin/Dolomite geopolymer
    ( 2021)
    Ahmad Syauqi Sauffi
    ;
    ; ;
    Masdiyana Ibrahim
    ;
    ;
    Fakhryna Ahmad Zaidi
    Geopolymer is widely studied nowadays in various scope of studies. Some of the ongoing studies are the study of the various materials towards the geopolymer strength produced. Meanwhile, some of the studies focus on the mixing of the geopolymer itself. This paper discussed the phase analysis of metakaolin/dolomite geopolymer for different solid to the liquid ratio which was, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1.0, and the properties that affected the geopolymer based on the phases. The constant parameters in this study were the percentage of metakaolin and dolomite used. The metakaolin used was 80% meanwhile dolomite usage was 20%. Besides that, the molarity of NaOH used is 10M and the alkaline activator ratio used is 2.0. All the samples were tested at 28 days of curing. The results show that the 0.8 solid to the liquid ratio used gave better properties compare to other solid to liquid ratio. The phases analyzed were quartz, sillimanite, mullite, and faujasite. The 0.8 S/L ratio shows the better properties compared to others by the test of phase analysis, compressive strength morphology analysis, and functional group analysis.
  • Publication
    Effect of Solid-To-Liquids and Na2SiO3-To-NaOH Ratio on Metakaolin Membrane Geopolymers
    ( 2022-01-01)
    Masdiyana Ibrahim
    ;
    ; ;
    Sauffi A.S.
    ;
    Vizureanu P.
    Geopolymer is synthesized by polycondensation of SiO4 and AlO4 aluminosilicate complexes, tetrahedral frames linked with shared sialate oxygen. This paper studies the effect of the solids-to-fluids (S/L) and Na2SiO3/NaOH proportions on the preparing of metakaolin inorganic membrane geopolymer. By consolidating a mixture of metakaolin with sodium hydroxide, sodium silicate and foaming agent, the geopolymer membrane was made in required shape about 1 cm and cured at 80°C for 24 hours. After the curing process, the properties of the samples were tested on days 7. Sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution were utilized as an alkaline activator with a NaOH fixation fixed at 10 M. The geopolymer inorganic membrane tests were set up with various S/L proportions (0.8, 1.0, 1.2 and 1.4) and Na2SiO3/NaOH proportions (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5). Aluminium (Al) powder as a foaming agent was used to create bubbles in porous structure and provide details on the development of membrane geopolymers. This metakaolin membrane, based on the geopolymer, was synthesized by a suspension that depends on the fast cementing mechanism of high-temperature slurries. Porous geopolymeric circles provided a homogeneous composition and quantitative distribution of pores. The water absorption, density, impact toughness testing and microstructure analyses were studied. However, considering the promising results, an adjustment in the mix design of the metakaolin inorganic membrane geopolymer mixtures could increase their mechanical properties without negatively affecting the mechanical properties and porosity, making these sustainable materials a suitable alternative to traditional porous cement concrete.
  • Publication
    Synthesis of metakaolin based alkali activated materials as an adsorbent at different Na2SiO3/NaOH ratios and exposing temperatures for Cu2+ Removal
    ( 2023)
    Masdiyana Ibrahim
    ;
    ; ;
    Marcin Nabialek
    ;
    Ramadhansyah Putra Jaya
    ;
    Monthian Setkit
    ;
    ;
    Bartłomiej Jeż
    Water contamination is a major issue due to industrial releases of hazardous heavy metals. Copper ions are among the most dangerous heavy metals owing to their carcinogenicity and harmful effects on the environment and human health. Adsorption of copper ions using alkali activated materials synthesized through the polycondensation reaction of an alkali source and aluminosilicates is the most promising technique, and has a high adsorption capability owing to a large surface area and pore volume. This research focuses on the effect of the alkaline activator ratio, which is a sodium silicate to sodium hydroxide ratio. Various exposing temperatures on metakaolin based alkali activated materials on a surface structure with excellent functional properties can be used as adsorbent materials for the removal of copper ions. A variety of mix designs were created with varying sodium silicate to sodium hydroxide ratios, with a fixed sodium hydroxide molarity, metakaolin to alkali activator ratio, hydrogen peroxide, and surfactant content of 10 M, 0.8, 1.00 wt%, and 3.0 wt%, respectively. Most wastewater adsorbents need high sintering temperatures, requiring an energy-intensive and time-consuming manufacturing process. In this way, metakaolin-based alkali activated materials are adsorbent and may be produced easily by solidifying the sample at 60 °C without using much energy. The specific surface area, water absorption, microstructure, phase analysis, functional group analysis, and adsorption capability of copper ions by metakaolin based alkali activated materials as adsorbents were evaluated. The water absorption test on the samples revealed that the sodium silicate to sodium hydroxide 0.5 ratio had the highest water absorption percentage of 36.24%, superior pore size distribution, and homogeneous porosity at 60 °C, with a surface area of 24.6076 m2/g and the highest copper ion uptake of 63.726 mg/g with 95.59% copper ion removal efficiency at adsorption condition of pH = 5, a dosage of 0.15 g, 100 mg/L of the initial copper solution, the temperature of 25 °C, and contact time of 60 min. It is concluded that self-supported metakaolin based alkali activated material adsorbents synthesized at low temperatures effectively remove copper ions in aqueous solutions, making them an excellent alternative for wastewater treatment applications.
  • Publication
    Effect of Solid-To-Liquids and Na2SiO3-To-NaOH ratio on metakaolin membrane geopolymers
    ( 2021)
    Masdiyana Ibrahim
    ;
    ; ;
    Ahmad Syauqi Sauffi
    ;
    Petrica Vizureanu
    Geopolymer is synthesized by polycondensation of SiO4 and AlO4 aluminosilicate complexes, tetrahedral frames linked with shared sialate oxygen. This paper studies the effect of the solids-to-fluids (S/L) and Na2SiO3/NaOH proportions on the preparing of metakaolin inorganic membrane geopolymer. By consolidating a mixture of metakaolin with sodium hydroxide, sodium silicate and foaming agent, the geopolymer membrane was made in required shape about 1 cm and cured at 80°C for 24 hours. After the curing process, the properties of the samples were tested on days 7. Sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution were utilized as an alkaline activator with a NaOH fixation fixed at 10 M. The geopolymer inorganic membrane tests were set up with various S/L proportions (0.8, 1.0, 1.2 and 1.4) and Na2SiO3/NaOH proportions (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5). Aluminium (Al) powder as a foaming agent was used to create bubbles in porous structure and provide details on the development of membrane geopolymers. This metakaolin membrane, based on the geopolymer, was synthesized by a suspension that depends on the fast cementing mechanism of high-temperature slurries. Porous geopolymeric circles provided a homogeneous composition and quantitative distribution of pores. The water absorption, density, impact toughness testing and microstructure analyses were studied. However, considering the promising results, an adjustment in the mix design of the metakaolin inorganic membrane geopolymer mixtures could increase their mechanical properties without negatively affecting the mechanical properties and porosity, making these sustainable materials a suitable alternative to traditional porous cement concrete
  • Publication
    Phase Analysis of Different Liquid Ratio on Metakaolin/Dolomite Geopolymer
    ( 2022-01-01)
    Sauffi A.S.
    ;
    ; ;
    Masdiyana Ibrahim
    ;
    ;
    Fakhryna Ahmad Zaidi
    Geopolymer is widely studied nowadays in various scope of studies. Some of the ongoing studies are the study of the various materials towards the geopolymer strength produced. Meanwhile, some of the studies focus on the mixing of the geopolymer itself. This paper discussed the phase analysis of metakaolin/dolomite geopolymer for different solid to the liquid ratio which was, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1.0, and the properties that affected the geopolymer based on the phases. The constant parameters in this study were the percentage of metakaolin and dolomite used. The metakaolin used was 80% meanwhile dolomite usage was 20%. Besides that, the molarity of NaOH used is 10M and the alkaline activator ratio used is 2.0. All the samples were tested at 28 days of curing. The results show that the 0.8 solid to the liquid ratio used gave better properties compare to other solid to liquid ratio. The phases analyzed were quartz, sillimanite, mullite, and faujasite. The 0.8 S/L ratio shows the better properties compared to others by the test of phase analysis, compressive strength morphology analysis, and functional group analysis.
  • Publication
    Chemical distributions of different Sodium Hydroxide molarities on fly ash/dolomite-based geopolymer
    ( 2022) ; ; ;
    Andrei Victor Sandu
    ;
    Petrica Vizureanu
    ;
    Omrane Benjeddou
    ;
    Afikah Rahim
    ;
    Masdiyana Ibrahim
    ;
    Ahmad Syauqi Sauffi
    Geopolymers are an inorganic material in an alkaline environment that is synthesized with alumina–silica gel. The structure of geopolymers consists of an inorganic chain of material and a covalent-bound molecular system. Currently, Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) has caused carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions which causes greenhouse effects. This analysis investigates the impact on fly ash/dolomite-based-geopolymer with various molarities of sodium hydroxide solutions which are 6 M, 8 M, 10 M, 12 M and 14 M. The samples of fly ash/dolomite-based-geopolymer were prepared with the usage of solid to liquid of 2.0, by mass and alkaline activator ratio of 2.5, by mass. After that, the geopolymer was cast in 50 × 50 × 50 mm molds before testing after 7 days of curing. The samples were tested on compressive strength, density, water absorption, morphology, elemental distributions and phase analysis. From the results, the usage of 8 M of NaOH gave the optimum properties for the fly ash/dolomite-based geopolymer. The elemental distribution analysis exposes the Al, Si, Ca, Fe and Mg chemical distribution of the samples from the selected area. The distribution of the elements is related to the compressive strength and compared with the chemical composition of the fly ash and dolomite.
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