Sinar Arzuria Adnan
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Preferred name
Sinar Arzuria Adnan
Official Name
Sinar Arzuria, Adnan
Alternative Name
Sinar, A.A.
Arzuria Adnan, Sinar
Adnan, Sinar Arzuria
Main Affiliation
Scopus Author ID
55899850500
Researcher ID
FZO-8888-2022

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Thermoplastic starch hybrid biocomposite films with improved strength and flexibility produced through crosslinking via carboxylic acid

2023 , Di Sheng Lai , Azlin Fazlina Osman , Sinar Arzuria Adnan , Ismail Ibrahim , Midhat Nabil Ahmad Salimi , Mariatti Jaafar @ Mustapha

Thermoplastic starch (TPS) suffers from its intrinsic low mechanical strength and high brittleness due to its strong hydrogen bonding and low chain mobility. The conventional way to crosslink the TPS film can improve the strength and stiffness of the films, but usually reduces the flexibility of the film, and increases its brittleness. In this study, the incorporation of the hybrid nanofiller [1 wt% nanocellulose (C) and 4 wt% nano bentonite (B)] into the TPS proved to improve greatly the films’ strength and flexibility. The hybrid nanofillers with ratio 4B:1C was incorporated into the crosslinked thermoplastic corn starch (CR-TPCS) film to increase the its flexibility and toughness and produced a high mechanical strength fully biodegradable film. Two different aqueous carboxylic acids: citric acid (CA) and tartaric acid (TA) with different pH values (2,4,6) as the green crosslinker were employed. Substantial increase of tensile strength (3.98 to 9.17 MPa), Young’s modulus (9.10 to 46.30 MPa) and elongation at break (55.2 to 135.7%) was observed for the CA- 4B1C/pH2 films compared to the CR-TPCS films. The melting temperature (Tm) of the CA-4B1C/pH2 improved compared to the TPCS/4B1C (un-crosslinked) film due to its crosslinking effect. Meanwhile, the CA-4B1C films exhibited the highest degree of substitution and di-esterification with the lowest swelling and water solubility properties due to the formation of a special “bridge” structure between the CA, nanocellulose and plasticizer. The “bridge” structure developed between the TPCS chains serves as the toughener to motivate higher chain stress relaxation and load endurance. The crosslinked “bridge structure” also proved to effectively reduce the retrogradation phenomenal in the TPCS films. This combination method of hybridization and crosslinking is an efficient, low cost, and environmentally friendly technique to overcome the low flexibility and brittleness problem of the TPS based packaging film.

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Pengenalan pemprosesan termoplastik

2012 , Sinar Arzuria Adnan , Che Mohd Ruzaidi Ghazali , Yusrina Mat Daud , Muthmirah Ibrahim

Buku Pengenalan Pemprosesan Termoplastik membicarakan beberapa asas pemprosesan dalam bidang polimer. Buku ini lebih memberikan tumpuan kepada beberapa pemprosesan termoplastik yang penting dalam bidang polimer. Objektif keseluruhan buku ini adalah untuk membolehkan pelajar mengenal pasti pemprosesan yang sering dilakukan pada bahan-bahan polimer termoplastik selain memahami konsep hubungkait di antara pemprosesan dan kesesuaian bahan-bahan polimer yang digunakan.

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Asas Polimer

2010 , Che Mohd Ruzaidi Ghazali , Sinar Arzuria Adnan , Yusrina Mat Daud , Luqman Musa , Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah

Buku asas polimer merupakan sebuah buku yang membincangkan beberapa perkara asas yang utama dalam bidang polimer. Kebanyakan kita mengetahui tentang polimer tetapi tidak pada asas dan sifat semulajadi bahan polimer tersebut. Polimer kini lebih bernilai dan diperlukan dalam bidang binaan, angkasa lepas, komunikasi, pembuatan, pengangkutan, perubatan dan lain-lain keperluan harian. Polimer yang wujud secara semulajadi termasuklah bahan yang kita guna sebagai tar, syelek, getah pokok dan lain-lain menuntut kepada kita untuk memahami dengan lebih jelas ciri-ciri dan sifat bahan polimer. Buku ini dapat memenuhi keperluan dan minat terutamanya pelajar-pelajar untuk memahami dengan lebih mendalam lagi mengenai asas-asas dan sifat-sifat bahan polimer. Tajuk-tajuk yang dibincangkan di dalam buku ini disusun dan dioleh degan cara yang mudah untuk pengajaran dan pembelajaran tentang asas-asas polimer. Buku ini sesuai dijadikan sebagai bahan rujukan asas pelajar-pelajar kejuruteraan bahan, kejuruteraan polimer, teknologi polimer dan sains. Ia juga merangkumi beberapa subjek asas yang penting dalam bidang polimer termasuk kimia polimer, struktur fizikal polimer, reologi polimer, aplikasi, sifat dan pengujian polimer.

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Toughening mechanism of thermoplastic starch nano-biocomposite with the hybrid of nanocellulose/nanobentonite

2023 , Lai Di Sheng , Azlin Fazlina Osman , Sinar Arzuria Adnan , Mariatti Jaafar@Mustapha , Ismail Ibrahim , Midhat Nabil Ahmad Salimi

High flexibility and toughness are key criteria for an effective bioplastic packaging film. However, in most studies, the flexibility of thermoplastic starch (TPS) films is always neglected when targeting their tensile strength improvement. Low film flexibility has limited the development of TPS films in replacing the petrochemical-based plastic packaging films. In this communication, we report a method to produce thermoplastic corn starch (TPCS) films with excellent mechanical strength, high flexibility and high toughness through the hybridization of two natural nanofillers: nanobentonite and nanocellulose. The synergistic effect of the hybrid nanofillers can be observed through the arrangement of alternating nacre structures where the nanobentonite silicate layers are responsible for mechanical strength, while the nanocellulose promotes free volume in the TPCS matrix and triggers high film elongation at break. Structural, morphological, and thermomechanical analysis were conducted, and the detailed strengthening mechanism of the TPCS hybrid nano-biocomposite films was revealed.

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The effect of aging time on microstructure and hardness value of AZ80 Mg Alloy

2020-11-24 , Zuraidawani Che Daud , Siti Hajar Azahar , Mohd Nazree Derman , Sinar Arzuria Adnan , Nur Hidayah Ahmad Zaidi , Nur Maizatul Shima Adzali

AZ 80 Magnesium (Mg) alloy (AZ80) is the lightest structural metallic materials with good mechanical properties. However, Mg AZ80 has drawbacks which result in poor ductility and low strength where applications of Mg alloy have been restricted. The AZ80 has high aluminium content can cause the precipitation of ß-phase which is Mg17Al12 in Mg-Al alloy. It can affect the mechanical properties such as poor strengthening. This paper was discussed the effect of aging time on microstructure and hardness value of AZ80. The AZ80 samples were cut to 1cm × 1cm. Samples heat treated at 360 C for one-hour quenching in water. Then, samples aged at 170 C with different aging times (2 to 8 hours) with same quench. Optical Microscope (OM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Vickers Microhardness machine were used to analyse the samples. As the results showed ß-Mg17Al12 phase was discontinuously distributed along the grain boundary throughout solid solution treatment. The ß-Mg17Al12 phase did not fully dissolve into the α-Mg phase and distributed along the grain boundary. The results showed that sample after 2 hours aging time with highest hardness value 62.5 HV is the optimum sample.

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Analysis of Thermal Comfort Among Workshop Users: At TVET Technical Institution

2024-02-01 , Alias N.M. , Umar Kassim , Sinar Arzuria Adnan , Nur Hidayah Ahmad Zaidi , Siti Nurul Aqmariah Mohd Kanafiah , Yusoff M.N. , Sk Muiz Sk Abdul Razak

Thermal comfort is a part of indoor environmental quality that should be considered to ensure the occupants' well-being. Unconducive buildings not only bring occupants discomfort but also tend to affect health, disrupt the process of teaching and learning, and reduce work productivity. Thus, this study determines the thermal condition of existing workshop buildings used in Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) implementation. ASHRAE Standard 55 (2017) is referred to in the determination of thermal comfort involving objective measurements and subjective measurements. Observation methods of environmental variables such as air temperature, radiant temperature, air velocity, relative humidity is observed. Evaluations of comfort are based on occupant surveys and environmental measurements. A total of 257 people completed a questionnaire distributed at three technical institutions in Kedah, Malaysia. According to the findings, the average thermal sensation vote is 1.85, which leads to 66.5% of respondents feeling discomfort. Meanwhile, the adaptive model analysis showed that the workshop environmental conditions were out of the comfort zone and did not comply with the ASHRAE 55 standard. Hence, the thermal discomfort factors from the occupants' perspective were identified and widely discussed. As a result, the research findings will benefit parties involved in new building construction or existing building renovations to improve indoor air quality.

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The role of natural hybrid nanobentonite/nanocellulose in enhancing the water resistance properties of the biodegradable thermoplastic starch

2023 , Di Sheng Lai , Azlin Fazlina Osman , Sinar Arzuria Adnan , Ismail Ibrahim , Andrei Victor Sandu , Shayfull Zamree Abd. Rahim , Petrica Vizureanu

This study focuses on investigating the effect of hybrid nanofillers on the hydration characteristics and soil biodegradability of the thermoplastic corn starch (TPCS) hybrid nanofiller biocomposite (TPCS-HB) films. The data were benchmarked with that of the pure TPCS and TPCS single nanofiller biocomposite (TPCS-SB) as control films. The water absorption properties of TPCS, TPCS-SB, and TPCS-HB films were analyzed and fitted with the standard Guggenheim–Anderson–de Boer equation to study the water activity of the films. Besides, the water permeability test, water vapor permeability, and soil biodegradability of the films were also studied and correlated with the films’ surface morphology. The results indicated that the TPCS-HB films possess excellent hydration resistance and comparable biodegradable rate with the TPCS-SB films. The optimal water resistance properties were achieved when the optimal ratio of nanobentonite/nanocellulose (4:1) was incorporated into the TPCS matrix. The outcomes of this study provide an innovative idea and new insights that, by using natural and hybrid nanofillers, the hydrophobicity of the TPCS films could be enhanced. TPCS-HB films show great potential to be developed into a fully green biodegradable TPCS biocomposite film, especially for single-use plastic applications.

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Sifat bahan plastik

2011 , Yusrina Mat Daud , Che Mohd Ruzaidi Ghazali , Sinar Arzuria Adnan , Luqman Musa

Buku ini secara khusus mengutarakan dengan lengkap tentang sifat dan ciri bahan plastik melalui beberapa bab dalam buku ini dan kaedah dan prinsip pengujian serta perincirian bahan plastik. Buku ini boleh membantu pelajar dan pembaca dalam mengenalpasti perbezaan jenis-jenis bahan plastik dan memahami konsep hubung kait di antara struktur dan sifat-sifat bahan plastik.

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Hybrid System Methods in Industrialised Building Systems (IBS): A Structural Compatibility Study

2024-11-01 , Azmin I. , Umar Kassim , Sinar Arzuria Adnan , Nur Hidayah Ahmad Zaidi , Siti Nurul Aqmariah Mohd Kanafiah , Yusoff M.N. , Abd Razak S.M.S. , Ilpandari I.

Hybrid System in Industrialised Building System (IBS) is combining IBS components with conventional method. Delay has become a familiar issue in construction field. The issues pertaining structure stability when using this combination method leads to delay while installing these two different method components. The combination also could cause a defect jointing. In Industrialised Building System (IBS), even though it is one of the technology methods that can save times, cost, and reduce labour in construction, but there still have constraints such as design issues, lack of experienced worker, and internal and external issues that can affect cost problems. In this study, the suitability structure based on combination method is investigated to discover the affected factors of suitability structure by using Hybrid System which is the aim of this study. The data analysis from quantitative survey shows that the top three affecting the building structure are: 1) weather effects with highest mean of 6.25 followed by 2) delay of jointing process at 6.03 and 3) defects from monolithic jointing at 5.93. Therefore, the amount of average data obtained shows that the most affected structure is the Hybrid System.

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Preparation and characterization of Polyurethane foam with multi walled carbon nanotubes and Magnesium filler

2022 , Sinar Arzuria Adnan

Palm oil based polyol (POP) is gaining popularity to replace polyol based petroleum for manufacture of polyurethane (PU) foam due to the unique structure of oils, abundant, inexpensive and environmentally friendly. PU foam is a cellular structure that has several benefits, including low weight, high energy absorption capacity, and resistance to chemicals and solvents. However, PU foam have some drawbacks, including high porosity and high crushability porous that affects their mechanical properties. The addition of fillers has become a method of improving performance of PU foam. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to prepare and characterize a palm oil based PU foam with multi walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and magnesium (Mg) as fillers. The fillers were characterized by using pycnometer, scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA). The PU foam composites (PU/MWCNTs, PU/Mg and PU/MWCNTs/Mg) were produced through the reaction of POP with methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) at a ratio of 1:1.1 by using high mechanical stirrer with 2000 rotations per minute (rpm). The PU foam composites were poured into a closed mould, cured for 24 hours and continued post cure in an oven at 80 °C for 2 hrs to confirm the reaction was completed. The effect of varying fillers content (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0 %) on the PU/MWCNTs, PU/Mg, and PU/MWCNTs/Mg foam composites were determined using density, FTIR, thermal analysis, morphology, compression test, energy absorption and morphology analysis. The optimum compressive strength from PU/MWCNTs, PU/Mg and PU/MWCNTs/Mg foam composites were chosen and continued to investigate the displacement behaviour with finite element analysis (FEA) results by using ANSYS Multiphysics. The morphology of the foam structure was observed using the SEM and revealed the presence of a closed cell structure with a thinner cell wall. The addition of fillers has deteriorated the cell to broken cell. The nano size of MWCNTs was proven using the TEM and showed the addition of MWCNTs fillers at 0.5 % show the good MWCNTs dispersion in PU foam than 3.0 %. The increasing fillers content has improved the compressive strength by 1.547 MPa at 0.5 PU/MWCNTs, 1.688 MPa for 2.0 PU/Mg and 1.760 MPa for 2.5 PU/MWCNTs/Mg, respectively. Overall, 2.5 PU/MWCNTs/Mg showed the highest compressive strength due to the excellent combination of MWCNTs and Mg. Therefore, these PU foam composites were continued tested using ANSYS software. The theoretical results from FEA have shown small differences compared to the experimental results. The experimental result for 2.5 PU/MWCNTs/Mg foam composites was 1.76 MPa and the theoretical results obtained from ANSYS was 1.65 MPa. The differences between these were 0.11 MPa and have accepted because the gap is very small.

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