Muhammad Shakir Laili
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Preferred name
Muhammad Shakir Laili
Official Name
Muhammad Shakir, Laili
Alternative Name
Laili, M. S.
Laili, Muhammad S.
Main Affiliation
Scopus Author ID
49561568600
Researcher ID
FFD-4281-2022

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  • Publication
    Intensity ratio distribution in different dielectric liquids using Kerr Effect method
    (IOP Publishing, 2023)
    Zetty Nurazlinda Zakaria
    ;
    Muhammad Shahrul Sanordi
    ;
    Muhammad Shakir Laili
    Light intensity is the result from the Kerr effect measurement that can be used in determining the electric field distributions in dielectric liquids as the analysis continues afterwards. One of the most important parameters to consider in designing the Kerr effect experiment is the Kerr constant of the test liquid. This paper aims to study and compare light intensity distribution in different dielectric liquids using Kerr effect method. Propylene carbonate, transformer oil and purified water are used as the test liquids. From the results obtained, the light intensities as a function of electric field of the test liquids are compared. With higher Kerr constant, low voltages can be applied to the test liquid but with larger optical signals. Furthermore, the length of the electrodes can be designed accordingly to suit the experimental setup.
  • Publication
    Electric field and space charge distribution in propylene carbonate under continuous DC electric field using Kerr effect
    (Iran University of Science and Technology, 2025-06)
    Zetty Nurazlinda Zakaria
    ;
    Muhammad Shakir Laili
    ;
    Nuriziani Hussin
    ;
    Norjasmi Abdul Rahman
    ;
    P. L. Lewin
    ;
    T. Andritsch
    The study investigates the electric field and space charge distributions in propylene carbonate under direct current (DC) applied fields using Kerr effect. Propylene carbonate is known for its high permittivity and is utilised in many applications, including electrochemical systems and dielectric materials. Understanding the behaviour of electric fields and space charge distributions within propylene carbonate is critical for optimising its performance in these applications. In the study, Kerr effect is employed which by applying the DC electric field across the test liquid for measuring the electric field and space charge distributions within the propylene carbonate. The experimental setup involved a controlled application of DC fields, and the Kerr effect measurements were conducted using an optical system. The results show significant understandings into the behaviour of space charges and their influence on the electric field distribution in propylene carbonate. Distinct patterns of charge accumulation and electric field distortion were observed and analysed in the dielectric liquid properties and charge transport mechanisms. The relationship between electric fields and space charges in propylene carbonate under DC conditions has been provided by the findings. The study also shows that the Kerr effect is a useful tool for studying electric field distributions in complex materials.
  • Publication
    Lightning Impulse Voltage Stresses in Underground Cables
    ( 2023-01-01)
    Muhammad Shakir Laili
    ;
    Fen C.M.L.
    ;
    Muzamir Isa
    ;
    Syahrun Nizam Md Arshad @ Hashim
    ;
    Zakaria Z.N.
    Underground power cables are crucial for transmission and distribution. Lightning can stress their insulation, but not directly. So, impulse cable testing is studied. This research examines the cable's transient response to standard and non-standard lightning impulse voltage waveforms. MATLAB Simulink was used to model a 132 kV wire with standard and non-standard impulse voltages. The IEC60060-1(2010) lightning impulse test uses a conventional waveform impulse voltage with a front time and a tail time of 1.2/50μs half value, while the non-standard test uses a front time and a tail time of 0.8/12s half value. Non-standard impulse waveforms are more accurate than standard waveforms. The impulse test voltage is four to five times the underground cable's operational voltage and must withstand five applications without damage. Standard and non-standard impulse waveforms are injected with 132 kV and 550 kV to evaluate insulation failure or damage. Standard lightning and non-standard impulse voltage waveforms do not cause insulation failure or damage. When 132 kV and 550 kV are introduced into the normal and non-standard lightning impulse waveforms, the overshoot voltage increases. The peak voltage of a non-standard 550 kV impulse voltage waveform exceeds the IEC impulse withstand voltage. The finding shows that non-standard impulse voltage waves create increased cable voltage stress.
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