Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
  • Publication
    Influence of cellulose filler extracted from napier grass on thermal characterizations, moisture content, tensile strength, biodegradation, and morphological structure of bioplastic films
    (Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2022-01-01)
    Tuan Rohadi T.N.
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    ; ; ;
    Sulaiman M.H.
    This paper reports on the effects of Napier grass (NG) cellulose used as a filler on the thermal characterizations, moisture content, tensile strength, biodegradation, and morphological structure of bioplastic films. Bioplastic films were obtained from chitosan and gelatin; and from the fiber, bark, and whole of Napier grass (NG). The films were prepared by solution casting with 1, 1.5, 2, and 2.5 wt.% of cellulose content. Alkali and bleaching treatments were performed on the cellulose using 8% sodium hydroxide and 1.7% sodium chlorite. The results reveal that the tensile strength of the bioplastic film with 2 wt.% of fiber filler was the highest and decreased when the cellulose filler loading was 2.5 wt.%. Increasing the cellulose loading accelerated the biodegradation rate of the bioplastic films. The addition of the fiber filler had improved compatibility among the components and the barrier properties of the film that led to a less-porous film.
      9  32
  • Publication
    Synthesis and Characterization of Composite Film Based on Cellulose of Napier Grass Incorporated with Chitosan and Gelatine for Packaging Material
    (Springer, 2023-05-01)
    T. N. Tuan Rohadi
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    ; ;
    Azizan A.
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    Sapuan S.M.
    Mitigating environmental pollution, which adversely affects humans, wildlife, and habitat, has been attracting increasing attention worldwide, especially with reference to the importance of using composite films. In this study, composite films consisting of cellulose, chitosan, and gelatine were analysed and characterized. It was fabricated via a solution casting method. The cellulose extracted from the whole stem, cortex, and pith of Napier grass with 4, 8, 12, and 16% alkali concentrations were used to produce the composite films. Based on the thermogravimetric analysis, mechanical analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation, it was confirmed that the interaction of cellulose of Napier grass, chitosan and gelatine had improve the thermal behaviour, strength, composition, crystallinity, and morphology of composite films. The composite films using 8% alkali-treated cellulose from the whole stem had an ordered structure with 2θ = 22.68°. Furthermore, it contained the highest final residue (74.85%) and tensile strength of 4.58 ± 0.373 MPa.
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