Now showing 1 - 10 of 30
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Fabrication, performance evaluation, and optimisation of adsorptive ammonia removal using hollow fibre ceramic membrane: Response surface methodology approach

2021-03-01 , Mohd Ridhwan Adam , Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan Othman , Siti Hamimah Sheikh Abdul Kadir , Mohd Hafiz Puteh , Mohd Riduan Jamalludin , Nik Abdul Hadi Md Nordin , Mohd Azri Ab Rani , Azeman Mustafa , Mukhlis A. Rahman , Juhana Jaafar

This work aims to optimise the factors that affect the adsorptive removal of ammonia by natural zeolite hollow fibre ceramic membrane (HFCM) in a continuous crossflow system using surface response methodology (RSM). The adsorptive HFCM was first characterised using the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy prior to the adsorption process. A face-centred central composite design (CCD) was used to statistically visualise the interaction of the factors, namely feed pH, feed concentration, and HFCM dosage, with the response of water permeability and ammonia removal of the HFCM. The optimum conditions for the HFCM performance were feed pH of 7.04, feed concentration of 75.00 mg/L, and HFCM dosage of 0.35 g, with a desirability value of 0.953. The excellent ammonia removal performance (96.5%) reveals that the HFCM possesses great potential to be developed as a synergised system that combines the adsorption and filtration of water.

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The Characterization Techniques of Nanomaterials

2023-01-01 , Adam M.R. , Shafie M.H. , Shamsudin M.S. , Hubadillah S.K. , Mohd Riduan Jamalludin , Abd Aziz M.H. , Nasir A.M.

In industries, including water treatment, catalysis, oil refining, sensors, food, energy storage, construction materials, and many others, a great deal of investigation has been undertaken on the application of nanomaterials. Nanoparticles are ultra-small particles with remarkable capabilities; however, when released into the environment, certain nanoparticles and nanomaterials may display detrimental features. Identification and characterization of nanoparticles need additional insight into physicochemical attributes and testing procedures compared to conventional compounds. In addition, regulating considerations for chemicals are generally based on particular toxicological characteristics that might not be exactly equivalent to those of nanomaterials. Nevertheless, regulatory authorities lack an authorized decision framework for nanomaterials that relates the significance of particular physicochemical indicators to toxicological consequences. This chapter addresses several physicochemical parameters and accessible testing techniques for nanomaterials. It provides a summary of the statutory implications and procedures used for evaluating nanomaterials, as well as approaches from the previous research, and evaluates the appropriateness and applicability restrictions of the techniques.

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The effect of different khaya senegalensis raw feedstock particle sizes on solid fuel pellet quality

2020-07-09 , Ras Izzati Ismail , Usamah M.I. , Abd Razak Shaari , Yee K.C. , Alina Rahayu Mohamed , Mohd Riduan Jamalludin , Norawanis Abdul Razak , Leng L.Y. , Nur Lailina Makhtar , Rosli M.U.M.

In recent years, the usage and demand for biomass pellet has been increasing due to the need of substitution for non-renewable energy source. Therefore, high quality solid fuel is in need to cater this demand. Pellet qualities such as durability, calorific value and density are different depending on the type of material, size of particle and the density of the feedstock. In this study, the durability, calorific value and unit density of Khaya Senegalensis pellet was investigated. This was done to identify the optimum particle size to obtain the best qualities of pellet possible. The ground biomass material was separated into 0.15 mm, 0.50 mm and 1.00 mm particle sizes, pelletized and ultimately the pellet durability, calorific value and unit density were tested in this study. It was found that 0.15 mm particle size resulted in the highest pellet durability, and density value. 1.00 mm particle size pellet has the highest calorific value. As a conclusion, different raw biomass feedstock particle size will affect the durability, density and calorific value of pellet.

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Electrospinning parameters evaluation of PVDF-ZnO/Ag2CO3/Ag2O composite nanofiber affect on porosity by using response surface methodology

2020-01-01 , Rosman N. , Wan Salleh W.N. , Mohd Riduan Jamalludin , Adam M.R. , Ismail N.H. , Jaafar J. , Harun Z. , Ismail A.F.

The electrospinning process is a very important technique for fabricating polymeric nanofibers by applying external electrostatic forces. This study reports on the modeling of the electrospinning process of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and the immobilized ZnO/Ag2CO3/Ag2O using response surface methodology (RSM) based on the central composite design (CCD). The individual and interaction effects of the most effective variables, such as applied voltage (6.5, 8 and 9.5 kV), nozzle-collector distance (10, 12.5 and 15 cm) and ZnO/Ag2CO3/Ag2O photocatalyst concentration (0.1, 0.8 and 1.5 g), have been evaluated on the porosity response of the nanofiber. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) confirmed that the spinning voltage was the main variable affecting the average porosity of the composite PVDF nanofiber. The regression coefficient between the variables and the mean porosity (R2= 0.8321) indicates acceptable evaluation of experimental data by quadratic polynomial regression.

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Influence of material properties on the fluid-structure interaction aspects during molded underfill process

2017 , C.Y. Khor , Muhammad Ikman Ishak , M.U. Rosli , Mohd Riduan Jamalludin , M.S Zakaria , A.F.M. Yamin , M.S. Abdul Aziz , M.Z. Abdullah

This paper presents the investigation of the effects of epoxy moulding compound’ (EMC) viscosity on the FSI aspects during moulded underfill process (MUF). Finite volume (FV) code and finite element (FE) code were connected online through the Mesh-based Parallel Code Coupling Interface (MpCCI) method for fluid and structural analysis. The EMC flow behaviour was modelled by Castro-Macosko model, which was written in C language and incorporated into the FV analysis. Real-time predictions on the flow front, chip deformation and stress concentration were solved by FV- and FE-solver. Increase in EMC viscosity raises the deformation and stress imposed on IC and solder bump, which may induce unintended features on the IC structure. The current simulation is expected to provide the better understandings and clear visualization of FSI in the moulded underfill process.

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Facial synthesis of colloidal stable magnetic nanoparticles coated with high hydrophilic negative charged poly(4-styrenesulfonic acid co-maleic acid) sodium for water remediation

2023-04-01 , Lim C.C. , Ng Qi Hwa , Hoo Peng Yong , Siti Kartini Enche Ab Rahim , Mohd Riduan Jamalludin , Nasib A.M. , Wicaksono S.T. , Pramata A.D. , Zullaikah S.

The enhancement of the colloidal stability of magnetite nanoparticles (MNPs) for environmental-related fields has greatly attracted researchers' attention. This study used a high hydrophilic negatively charged polyelectrolyte, poly(4-styrenesulfonic acid co-maleic acid) sodium (PSAAS), to enhance the colloidal stability of MNPs. Coating of the naked MNPs with PSAAS polyelectrolyte is a simple and rapid method to obtain colloidally stable MNPs while sustaining the chemical reactivity of MNPs in water purification. The prepared PSAAS-coated MNPs were characterized by scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive X-ray, Fourier transform infrared, zeta potential analysis, transmission electron microscope and X-ray diffraction. Moreover, the colloidal stability and adsorption performance tests of these naked MNPs and PSAAS-coated MNPs (with different concentrations of PSAAS coated) were investigated and compared. PSAAS-coated MNPs with 0.001 g/ml PSAAS coating possessed the best colloidal stability and the highest methylene blue (MB) dye removal efficiency (94.53 ± 0.69%). The adsorption isotherm and kinetic studies for the adsorption of MB onto PSAAS-coated MNPs were well-described by the Langmuir model and pseudo-second-order kinetic model. These magnetic adsorbents, with high separation efficiency, simple and low production cost and recyclable property, are promising as practicable adsorbents in water treatment.

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Optimization of fuel pellet parameter from oil palm fronds by using Response Surface Methodology (RSM)

2023-06 , Ras Izzati Ismail , Khor Chu Yee , Alina Rahayu Mohamed , Nadiah Farzana Jamaludin , Adli Azimi Abdul Rahman , Mohd Riduan Jamalludin

The oil palm tree, which had been producing a plentiful supply of oil palm fronds, had simply been left to rot on the ground. As biomass is a loose substance, pelletization was undertaken so that it could be transported and stored with ease. High-quality pellet production was studied to maximize oil palm frond use. Therefore, the primary goal of this study was to determine the impact of particle size and moisture content on fuel pellet quality. The response surface approach was utilized in this study to optimize the oil palm fronds pellet particle size and the moisture content on the durability, unit density, and calorific value. The particle sizes analyzed were 0.15 mm, 0.500 mm, and 1.00 mm, while the moisture content was 5%, 10.50%, and 16%. The pellets were manufactured using a hydraulic single pellet press, and their calorific value, unit density, and durability were evaluated using a bomb calorimeter, a density formula, and a sieve shaker, respectively. The optimization yielded the maximum desirability (0.5026) for particles with a 16% moisture content and a 0.500 mm particle size. The condition is ideal when the value of desirability is closest to 1.00. It may be concluded that the particle size and moisture content of oil palm fronds affect the durability, unit density, and calorific value of oil palm fronds pellet.

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Effects of temperature on rice husk silica ash additive for fouling mitigation by polysulfone–RHS ash mixed-matrix composite membranes

2020-08-01 , Alias S.S. , Harun Z. , Manoh N. , Mohd Riduan Jamalludin

Abstract: It has been found that the preparation of green silica based on agricultural crops preserves environmental sustainability. In this study, rice husk silica (RHS) ash was prepared by burning rice husk (RH) at different temperatures (400 and 1200 Â°C). Both types of green RHS ash additives were blended with polysulfone dope, after which membranes were fabricated via phase inversion. The RHS ash that was synthesised at 400 Â°C (RHS400) had an amorphous structure with strong hydrophilic properties, while the composite membrane containing 3 wt% of RHS400 (A3 membrane) achieved the optimum properties of a dense top, an extended sub-layer of continuous smaller finger-like pores and a bottom layer of macrovoids. A satisfactory mean surface roughness, average pore size (1.90 ± 9.50 × 10−2 µm), porosity (40.66 ± 2.03%) and tensile strength (3.27 ± 0.16 MPa) were also obtained. The contact angle (52.5° ± 3.6°) further proved that this membrane was hydrophilic. The elemental and thermal analyses confirmed the presence of Si and O, which correlated with the 12% residual that was contributed by the silica inside the membrane. The optimum properties of the A3 membrane were an increased PWF (154.04 ± 7.70 L m−2 h−1) with the highest rejection of HA (96.00 ± 4.80%) and a fouling mitigation with the lowest internal resistance (6.79 ± 0.34 × 1012 m−1). Graphic abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]

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A novel bio-ceramic hollow fibre membrane based hydroxyapatite derived from Tilapia fish bone for hybrid arsenic separation/adsorption from water

2023-01-01 , Hubadillah S.K. , Mohd Riduan Jamalludin , Othman M.H.D. , Adam M.R.

This paper describes for the first time the synthesis of hydroxyapatite based on bio-ceramic hollow fiber membrane originating from Tilapia fish bones (bio-CHFM/HApT). Prior to the fabrication process, Tilapia fish bones were converted into hydroxyapatite powder by simple calcination method. A well-known method of membrane fabrication; a combination of phase inversion and sintering technique has been used. The study revealed that an exceptional asymmetric structure comprised of desired finger-like and sponge-like structure was induced by the bio-CHFM/HApT. Interestingly, bio-CHFM/HApT sintered at 1100 °C can induced hybrid adsorption/separation for As(III) removal at separation efficiency up to 99.9% and high flux of ∼250 kg/m2h. Additionally, the equilibrium adsorption capacities were obtained within 40 min of contact time. The kinetic information of the removal of As(III) bio-CHFM/HApT is the most suitable for pseudo-first order.

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Biogas production from the paddy straw pretreated with Sodium Hydroxide and co-digestion with cow manure

2024-03 , Tengku Roslina Tuan Yusof , Muizz Zahari , Mariam Majid , Abdul Syafiq Abdul Syukor , Mohd Riduan Jamalludin

Paddy straw waste (PS) is an organic waste that is disposed in open land after preparation of rice harvest that is generated in equal or greater quantities than the rice itself. Generally, it is disposed in open land, which increases anthropogenic gases. Converting it into useful energy or value-added products may reduce disposal problems and anthropogenic activity. In this study, PS with different treatments of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) at 2, 4, 6 , 8 and 10% was co-digested with cow dung (CD) for obtaining biogas by anaerobic digestion. For this purpose, PS was mixed with CD at different proportions, namely 50:50, 40:60, 30:70, 20:80, and 0:100 percentages on a mass basis, the samples were used in five different anaerobic digesters. The samples were kept in different anaerobic digesters for the study. The effect of important input parameters like pH and Carbon to Nitrogen (C/N) ratio on the biogas production was studied. Maximum biogas production was obtained from the co-digestion of the substrate containing 30% ps and 70% Cd for a digestion time of 20 days, and d3 shows a max pH value of 7.16. Further, the biogas collected from the digesters was characterized to ensure suitability for use as a renewable fuel. Furthermore, the digested slurry was also analyzed for its use in agriculture. The results are presented in this paper.