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Determination of municipal solid waste composition, generation rate and its recyclable potential in Penang, Malaysia—a statistical approach

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cris.virtual.department Universiti Malaysia Perlis
cris.virtualsource.department 1fb76e68-0c75-4529-ac9f-cf51941493f8
dc.contributor.author Yuganantheni K. Marippan
dc.contributor.author Mohamad Anuar Kamaruddin
dc.contributor.author Rasyidah Alrozi
dc.contributor.author Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
dc.date.accessioned 2026-01-05T03:20:06Z
dc.date.available 2026-01-05T03:20:06Z
dc.date.issued 2023-07
dc.description.abstract The municipal solid waste (MSW) generation rate in Malaysia is increasing annually due to population growth, industrialization, advancement in technology, economic growth, and lifestyle. Landfilling is the main method of solid waste management, while recycling is still underrated in Malaysia. Penang state has initiated a “Waste Segregation at Source” (WSAS) campaign in 2016 to reduce MSW disposal in Pulau Burung landfill to cultivate recycling habits among Penangites. However, there are no studies being conducted to measure the effectiveness of this campaign. Hence, this study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of the WSAS campaign before (2011 until 2015) and after (2016 until 2020) implementation. The objectives of the study are to evaluate MSW generation, the recyclable potential based on the composition, and its relationship in Penang by using statistical analysis and the SWOT-AHP model from 2011 until 2020. Secondary data were obtained from Penang Island City Council (MBPP), Seberang Perai City Council (MBSP), and journals. SPSS was used to carry out the statistical analysis by using ANOVA one way, correlation, and regression. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) model was conducted through three series of questionnaire to obtain expert opinion and mathematical calculation to determine the degree of SWOT on MSW generation and recycling in Penang. The outcome of this study showed that both the MSW generation and the recycling potential increased in the state for the past 10 years. Besides, the effectiveness of WSAS showed positive results in terms of recycling rates before (2011–2015) and after (2016–2020) the campaign was implemented.
dc.identifier.doi 10.1007/978-981-19-9267-4_72
dc.identifier.isbn 9789811992667
dc.identifier.isbn 9789811992674
dc.identifier.uri https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-981-19-9267-4_72
dc.identifier.uri https://link.springer.com/
dc.identifier.uri https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14170/15612
dc.language.iso en
dc.publisher Springer
dc.relation.conference Green Materials and Electronic Packaging Interconnect Technology Symposium (EPITS 2022), 14-15 September 2022, Langkawi, Malaysia
dc.relation.ispartof Springer Proceedings in Physics
dc.relation.ispartof Proceedings of the Green Materials and Electronic Packaging Interconnect Technology Symposium
dc.relation.issn 0930-8989
dc.relation.issn 1867-4941
dc.subject Generation rate
dc.subject Solid waste
dc.subject Statistical analysis
dc.subject Sustainable
dc.title Determination of municipal solid waste composition, generation rate and its recyclable potential in Penang, Malaysia—a statistical approach
dc.type Resource Types::text::conference output::conference proceedings::conference paper
dspace.entity.type Publication
oaire.citation.endPage 747
oaire.citation.startPage 735
oaire.citation.volume 289
oairecerif.author.affiliation Universiti Sains Malaysia
oairecerif.author.affiliation Universiti Sains Malaysia
oairecerif.author.affiliation Universiti Teknologi MARA
oairecerif.author.affiliation Universiti Malaysia Perlis
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