Cloud Radio Access Network (C-RAN) is a modern framework for mobile networks that can solve a range of challenges faced by mobile operators while seeking to meet the ever-increasing needs of end-users towards the 5th generation of mobile networks (5G). The Coordinated Multi-Point (CoMP) technique has been implemented to overcome the interference and challenges in C-RAN. CoMP supports joint processing for cooperative transmission, where the user’s data is available at multiple base stations (BSs), and the multiple BSs collaboratively serve every single user by simultaneously transmitting data towards it. The integration of CoMP C-RAN and renewable energy harvesters has been considered as a promising technique to benefit both the environment and the retailer. However, intermittency in renewable energy sources (RES), combined with fluctuating demand shifts over time, has caused a high risk of sustaining system reliability to provide customers with sufficient supply. The increasing consumption of energy is putting tremendous pressure on the supply of electricity to the grid, which harms the environment Grid operators also have limited resources to maintain this dynamic balance with the growing role of variable generation and shifting demand profiles. In order to address these problems, an energy storage management strategy has been proposed to integrate the intermittent nature of renewable energy generators with traditional electrical grids in order to minimize the long-term cost of energy consumption of wireless networks. This research focuses on analyzing the impact of adaptive Energy Storage Management (ESM) in joint cooperative resource management and energy trading of full cooperation CoMP C-RAN. Three models were performed, which are the impact of full cooperation CoMP C-RAN, the impact of jointly energy trading and total transmit, and the impact of adaptive energy storage management (ESM) in full cooperation CoMP C-RAN. The result from the Model 1 shows that full cooperation CoMP C-RAN techniques perform significantly in reducing total transmit power compared to the conventional technique. The Model 2 confirmed that when jointly minimize the energy trading and energy consumption, the full cooperation CoMP C-RAN achieved significant performance gains in terms of improving the energy efficiency and reducing total energy cost of the Remote Radio Head (RRH) in C-RAN. It can reduce the system's overall energy costs by up to 22%. The Model 3 validates the proposed joint cooperative energy trading technique with adaptive ESM can provide huge performance gains in terms of total energy cost reduction. It has been illustrated from the simulation results that the total energy cost can save up to 25% compared to the full cooperation CoMP C-RAN without adapting the ESM. Conclusively, this research successfully analyzing the impact of ESM adaption in further minimizing the total cost of the proposed system.
