The effects of titanium dioxide (TiO2) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) doping ratio variation to the performance of dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC)

The Titanium Dioxide (TiO2)-reduced Graphene Oxide (rGO) were synthesized and doped at different concentration of 0.1wt%, 0.3wt% and 0.5wt% by varying the amount of rGO solution. The TiO2 nanoparticles were prepared via precipitation peptization method while rGO solution was prepared via chemical reduction and deposited by using Doctor Blade technique. The TiO2-rGO thin films samples were characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy and Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis) for structural and optical properties while electrical properties were characterized by Keithley sourcemetre. It is observed that all of the TiO2-rGO samples possess the anatase TiO2 crystallinity phase which strongly appeared at (101), (004), (200) and (105) peaks and as the amount of rGO increases, the intensity of the peaks decreases. Meanwhile, 0.1wt% of TiO2-rGO has the highest absorbance wavelength with the lowest bandgap at 2.75 eV which due to formation of Ti-O-C bond. These were confirmed by the efficiency obtained by the 0.1wt% of TiO2-rGO at 1.21% which is higher than pure TiO2. The results obtained confirmed that the properties of TiO2-rGO and performances of DSSC were affected by the doping ratio.