HTL material variation of Graphene/ITO/TiO₂/MAPbI₃/spiro-OMeTAD solar cells under high temperature effect

Perovskite-based solar cells have recently gained attention as a potentially viable option to replace conventional photovoltaic technologies, offering high efficiency and low cost. In this work, we present a numerical simulation of ITO/TiO2/MAPbI3/OMeTAD solar cell under Silvaco TCAD Tools; the devices exhibit a high efficiency of 27.42 %, 0.3 A/W spectral response at 580 nm optical wavelength. The device is studied under different parameter variations such as: HLT material variation (spiro-OMeTAD, Silicon, PEDOT:PSS and carbon fiber), doping effect of the Sprio layer on IV curves and performance under temperature variation (25-300 ͦC). Overall, this study highlights the potential of perovskite materials in the development of photovoltaic technologies and the accuracy of Silvaco-Atlas in predicting their performance and efficiency.