Zeolite nanomaterial-modified dielectrode oxide surface for diagnosing Alzheimer’s disease by dual molecular probed impedance sensor

Objectives: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an irreversible and progressive neurogenerative disorder, which affects the learning part of brain. It mainly affects the aged population and becoming a global health issue, expecting to increase more in near future. Late diagnosis of AD worsens the situation and difficult to treat the patient. Various biosensing techniques with suitable biomarkers have been developed by researchers to diagnose the earlier stages of AD. Methods: This research was focused to develop a highly sensitive zeolite-dual probe-modified impedance biosensor for identifying AD biomarker, Aβ Oligomer (AβO). The sensing surface was initially modified with zeolite through the chemical linker and then a dual probe of anti-AβO aptamer and anti-AβO antibody were attached to the surface of the zeolite. Results: On these dual probe-modified surfaces, AβO was quantified to diagnose AD. Further, AβO spiked artificial CSF was identified by dual probes without any interference, indicating the selective identification of AβO. In addition, control experiments with non-immune, complementary, and control proteins failed to show the increment of responses, confirming the specific detection of AβO. Conclusions: This zeolite-dual probe-modified biosensor helps to lower the limit of detection to 0.1 pM and diagnose AD at the earlier stages.