Cross-layer network optimization technique for vehicular ADHOC network

Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET) is a type of ad hoc network but different in terms of functionality because of the high mobility of node, variable of node density and unpredictable communication environment. There are two major applications in VANET which are safety applications and non-safety applications. Network optimization is one way to maintain the existing protocols and other network parameter compared to design and implement new improved protocols in which it is very costly. Motivated with the reasons this research presents a cross-layer network optimization of vehicular network to enhance throughput, end-to-end delay and packet delivery ratio performance using the proposed SOVEA Technique. SOVEA Technique is inspired from Taguchi Method analysis. Three VANET model scenarios are selected to evaluate SOVEA Technique which is rural highway, free expressway and city scenario based on map of Perlis. Each performance evaluated shows different cross-layer factors reflects towards the outcome. For rural highway scenario, the major contribution factor for throughput is packet size, for delay is routing protocols and for packet delivery ratio is the distance of the Road Side Units (RSU). On the other hand, free expressway scenario which has more density of nodes, the major contribution factor for throughput and delay is routing protocols, while for packet delivery ratio is the factor of distance of the Road Side Units (RSU). Different form city scenario which was taken based on Arau city in Perlis, the major contribution factor for throughput and delay is packet size while for packet delivery ratio is the number of RSU in the area. Therefore, different scenario resulted different cross-layer factors on contributing towards the performance of the VANET. Each scenario also has different set level of cross-layer factors in determining the optimal network performance derived from the SOVEA technique. Other than that, SOVEA Technique is also tested at Medium Access Control (MAC) layer of VANET model to improve the throughput, delay and PDR performance in non-safety application for free expressway scenario. An efficient optimized MAC is necessary to ensure high reliability and timely dissemination of non-safety messages. From the result obtained, it shows SOVEA Technique proves an enhancement towards the network performance with the best selection of MAC layer parameters. This research shows a contribution on SOVEA technique as one optimization technique for cross-layer to accommodate the demand on highly reliable and prompt system with minimal delay for timely transmission of messages. Also to guarantee appropriate dissemination and high reliability of non-safety messages in efficient optimized MAC layer.