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  5. Solidification/Stabilization technology for radioactive wastes using cement: An appraisal
 
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Solidification/Stabilization technology for radioactive wastes using cement: An appraisal

Journal
Materials
ISSN
1996-1944
Date Issued
2023
Author(s)
Ismail Luhar
Shri Jagdishprasad Jhabarmal Tibrewala University
Salmabanu Luhar
Universiti Malaysia Perlis
Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
Universiti Malaysia Perlis
Andrei Victor Sandu
Gheorghe Asachi Technical University of Iasi
Petrica Vizureanu
Gheorghe Asachi Technical University of Iasi
Dumitru Doru Burduhos-Nergis
Gheorghe Asachi Technical University of Iasi
Rafiza Abd Razak
Universiti Malaysia Perlis
Thanongsak Imjai
Universiti Malaysia Perlis
DOI
10.3390/ma16030954
Abstract
Across the world, any activity associated with the nuclear fuel cycle such as nuclear facility operation and decommissioning that produces radioactive materials generates ultramodern civilian radioactive waste, which is quite hazardous to human health and the ecosystem. Therefore, the development of effectual and commanding management is the need of the hour to make certain the sustainability of the nuclear industries. During the management process of waste, its immobilization is one of the key activities conducted with a view to producing a durable waste form which can perform with sustainability for longer time frames. The cementation of radioactive waste is a widespread move towards its encapsulation, solidification, and finally disposal. Conventionally, Portland cement (PC) is expansively employed as an encapsulant material for storage, transportation and, more significantly, as a radiation safeguard to vigorous several radioactive waste streams. Cement solidification/stabilization (S/S) is the most widely employed treatment technique for radioactive wastes due to its superb structural strength and shielding effects. On the other hand, the eye-catching pros of cement such as the higher mechanical strength of the resulting solidified waste form, trouble-free operation and cost-effectiveness have attracted researchers to employ it most commonly for the immobilization of radionuclides. In the interest to boost the solidified waste performances, such as their mechanical properties, durability, and reduction in the leaching of radionuclides, vast attempts have been made in the past to enhance the cementation technology. Additionally, special types of cement were developed based on Portland cement to solidify these perilous radioactive wastes. The present paper reviews not only the solidification/stabilization technology of radioactive wastes using cement but also addresses the challenges that stand in the path of the design of durable cementitious waste forms for these problematical functioning wastes. In addition, the manuscript presents a review of modern cement technologies for the S/S of radioactive waste, taking into consideration the engineering attributes and chemistry of pure cement, cement incorporated with SCM, calcium sulpho–aluminate-based cement, magnesium-based cement, along with their applications in the S/S of hazardous radioactive wastes.
Subjects
  • Radioactive wastes

  • Cement

  • Solidification/stabil...

  • biochar

  • Waste form

  • Supplementary cementi...

  • Magnesia-based cement...

  • Calcium sulphoalumina...

  • Calcium aluminate cem...

File(s)
SolidificationStabilization Technology for Radioactive Wastes Using Cement An Appraisal.pdf (1.95 MB)
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