Run-length encoding (RLE) data compression algorithm performance analysis on climate datasets for internet of things (IoT) application

Wireless sensor nodes play an important role for Internet of Things (IoT) applications. However, these devices often come with limited memory sizes and battery life. Thus, to overcome these problems, this work focuses on studying the data compression algorithm suitable for wireless sensor nodes. In this work, run-length encoding (RLE) compression algorithm performance is studied, especially when compressing various climate datasets. This dataset includes temperature, sea-level pressure, air pollution index, and water level. In our experiment, the RLE algorithm gives the best compression ratio for temperature and sea-level pressure, with 0.62 and 0.63 compression ratios, respectively. These are equivalent to around 40% data saving. For air pollution index and water level dataset, our experiment gives 0.96 and 0.93 compression ratios, respectively. Since this data has a low number of repetitive values, the RLE achieves around 10% saving for this kind of data.