Umar Kassim
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Preferred name
Umar Kassim
Official Name
Umar, Kassim
Alternative Name
Kassim, U.
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Scopus Author ID
55988013700
Researcher ID
R-6249-2019

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Enhancing the use of Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) for lightweight concrete wall panels

2025-05 , Umar Kassim , Sinar Arzuria Adnan

Concrete is widely used in for construction purposes due to many advantageous properties. Depending on the density, concrete can be categorized as either conventional or lightweight. However, incorporating sustainable and eco-friendly elements like Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) can reduce the weight of concrete resulting in construction material. The main objective of this research is to investigate the effects of the inclusion of EPS towards the physical characteristics of concrete such as compressive strength, flexural strength, density and water absorption. This research also aim to analyze the soundproofing capabilities of wall panels produced using EPS. The study focuses on evaluating percentages (10%, 15% and 20%) of EPS as aggregates in terms of their impact on mechanical properties, physical properties and soundproofing qualities, in lightweight concrete. A total of 36 cube samples measuring 100 mm x 100 mm x 100 mm were prepared for testing at both 7 day and 28-day curing periods. In addition, 12 wall panel samples measuring 100 mm x 100 mm x 500 mm and another four wall panel samples measuring 600 mm x 600 mm x 40mm for analysis. Findings of the research indicate that the desired targets were met for water absorption (10%) density (15%) and soundproof performance (20%). During the 28-day strength test, the compressive strength decreased by 21.86%, 30.57% and 35.56% when replacing 10%, 15% and 20% of the material respectively. Lightweight concrete achieved a value of 19.45 MPa with a replacement of only 10% EPS. However, the samples, with a replacement of 15% and 20% did not reach this compressive strength level. This study demonstrates that EPS can be effectively utilized in applications. There was a reduction for the flexural strength ranging from 13.42% to 27.89% compared to the control mix when replacing with EPS at rates of 10%, 15% and 20%. This study succeeded in producing the novel discovery of the use of EPS in contributing to reducing overall structure weight, which in turn helps decrease energy consumption during transportation and construction processes.

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Analysis of Thermal Comfort Among Workshop Users: At TVET Technical Institution

2024-02-01 , Alias N.M. , Umar Kassim , Sinar Arzuria Adnan , Nur Hidayah Ahmad Zaidi , Siti Nurul Aqmariah Mohd Kanafiah , Yusoff M.N. , Sk Muiz Sk Abdul Razak

Thermal comfort is a part of indoor environmental quality that should be considered to ensure the occupants' well-being. Unconducive buildings not only bring occupants discomfort but also tend to affect health, disrupt the process of teaching and learning, and reduce work productivity. Thus, this study determines the thermal condition of existing workshop buildings used in Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) implementation. ASHRAE Standard 55 (2017) is referred to in the determination of thermal comfort involving objective measurements and subjective measurements. Observation methods of environmental variables such as air temperature, radiant temperature, air velocity, relative humidity is observed. Evaluations of comfort are based on occupant surveys and environmental measurements. A total of 257 people completed a questionnaire distributed at three technical institutions in Kedah, Malaysia. According to the findings, the average thermal sensation vote is 1.85, which leads to 66.5% of respondents feeling discomfort. Meanwhile, the adaptive model analysis showed that the workshop environmental conditions were out of the comfort zone and did not comply with the ASHRAE 55 standard. Hence, the thermal discomfort factors from the occupants' perspective were identified and widely discussed. As a result, the research findings will benefit parties involved in new building construction or existing building renovations to improve indoor air quality.

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Hybrid System Methods in Industrialised Building Systems (IBS): A Structural Compatibility Study

2024-11-01 , Azmin I. , Umar Kassim , Sinar Arzuria Adnan , Nur Hidayah Ahmad Zaidi , Siti Nurul Aqmariah Mohd Kanafiah , Yusoff M.N. , Abd Razak S.M.S. , Ilpandari I.

Hybrid System in Industrialised Building System (IBS) is combining IBS components with conventional method. Delay has become a familiar issue in construction field. The issues pertaining structure stability when using this combination method leads to delay while installing these two different method components. The combination also could cause a defect jointing. In Industrialised Building System (IBS), even though it is one of the technology methods that can save times, cost, and reduce labour in construction, but there still have constraints such as design issues, lack of experienced worker, and internal and external issues that can affect cost problems. In this study, the suitability structure based on combination method is investigated to discover the affected factors of suitability structure by using Hybrid System which is the aim of this study. The data analysis from quantitative survey shows that the top three affecting the building structure are: 1) weather effects with highest mean of 6.25 followed by 2) delay of jointing process at 6.03 and 3) defects from monolithic jointing at 5.93. Therefore, the amount of average data obtained shows that the most affected structure is the Hybrid System.

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Bahan binaan asas konkrit

2009 , Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah , Mohd Tamizi Selimin , Mohd Asri Ab Rahim , Umar Kassim

Buku ini sesuai dijadikan teks rujukan kepada para pelajar yang mengikuti kursus kejuruteraan bahan dan kejuruteraan bangunan pada peringkat asas. Ia boleh juga dijadikan sebagai bahan rujukan kepada juruteknik di jabatan-jabatan kerajaan dan swasta, serta yang terlibat dalam kerja-kerja kejuruteraan bahan dan bangunan. Buku ini mempunyai lima [5] bab yang membincangkan perkara utama berkenaan konkrit meliputi aspek Pengenalan Kepada Konkrit, Kegunaan Konkrit, Pemprosesan Konkrit, Pengujian Konkrit dan Parameter Lain Dalam Konkrit seperti Pengawetan, Pengangkutan Konkrit, Kecacatan Dalam Konkrit dan sebagainya. Di samping itu juga, pengenalan ringkas konkrit tanpa agregat yang lebih dikenali sebagai Ferosimen turut dibincangkan.

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Hybrid System Method of Industrialised Building System (IBS): A Review of Studies

2020-12-18 , Azmin IzzatI , Umar Kassim

A new technology in construction has implemented Industrialised Building System (IBS) as an adoption of a new method. Till date, the reception of Industrialised Building System (IBS) has been effectively advancing by Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB). Several of exertions have been taken, for example tremendous of research financing, preparing, and building up standard and other showcasing plan. From previous writing and industry report, the appropriation of IBS was practiced gainful to improve the construction quality and profitability and spare expense and also the duration of completion projects. However, there are still a few issues and problems, such as supply chain and design drawing issues, which has always been one of the biggest problems that should be taken care of in the construction industry. Nowadays, Industrialised Building System (IBS) also has been modified in many ways to make it more practical to use in the construction field. The IBS usage becomes a trend and also a requirement for a government project especially in the northern region of Malaysia such as Kedah and Perlis. Hence, this paper focuses on latest review which is about the new method implements in Industrialised Building System (IBS) technology, which is known as a Hybrid System method. This system is not yet to be found since it is one of the pilot projects from the government. Thus, the survey for this paper will evaluate the outcome whether the new Hybrid System method leads to delay in Industrialised Building System (IBS) or it can help to improve the deferrals of construction.

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Performance of Sugar Cane Baggage Ash (SCBA) as Partially Replacement of Cement in Concrete

2023 , Mustaqqim Abdul Rahim , Cheah Shao Wen , Afizah Ayob , Nor Faizah Bawadi , Norlia Mohamad Ibrahim , Shamilah Anudai @ Anuar , Nur Liza Rahim , Umar Kassim

Sugar cane is main food crop in tropical and subtropical countries. It is the main resource for the sugar production. Sugar cane bagasse (SCB) is a waste that produced after the juice extraction of sugarcane while sugar cane bagasse ash (SCBA) produced after the control burning of SCB. The use of waste products as partial replacement for the material in concrete can help to reduce the environmental and economic problem. Since the cost of construction materials such as cement is increasing spirally and agricultural waste such as SCBA can be obtained at low cost, it has a good potential to use in concrete as cement replacement. In this study, the workability, density, and compressive strength of the concrete been chosen to compare with the green concrete. Three different types concrete cube have been casted in this study, na1111mely; 0, 5%, 7.5%, 10% of SCBA to replace for cement. The size of the cube samples to be casted is 100 x 100 x 100 mm and cured for 7 and 28 days. The study show that the optimum percentage for SCBA concrete is 5%, it give the highest compressive strength value compare to other percentage at 28 days.

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Green Organic Partition Board from Waste Materials as Soundproof Material

2023-04-01 , Umar Kassim , Nur S. , Wan Azani Wan Mustafa , Yusoff M.N.

Walls are vital in the structure, and give security to the host. Wall as part of structure in industrialised Building System (IBS). Walls can be made a plunge two bearing and non-bearing walls. Non-bearing walls are made of delicate parcel boards. Segment board ought to be, areas of strength for light have great Noise Reduction Coefficient (NRC). This' exploration will likely make another segment board from squandered material to deliver ecologically protected and less expensive board from the current board. The principal material is coconut shell and paper. Each board is made in various extents to pick the board with best NRC. Commotion impact framework chamber is utilized to test the capacity of sound proof of the new sheets. The perusing of the sound level meter was taken in various good ways from the sound source and changing the level of the sound recurrence and sound power. The outcome showed that the new parcel board which produced using 80% coconut shell, 15% concrete, 5% paper can diminish the clamor better compared to the other sheets. This board has NRC is 21%, 21%, 24%, and 12% for the different sound level tests. This can be an option IBS parcel board.

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Sustainable brick plastic recycle

2021-07-21 , Umar Kassim , Norshah Afizi Shuaib , Nasir Z. , Sulaiman I. , Razak S.M.

Brick is a material to set up construction especially the wall parts. There are various types of bricks. However, the focus of this study is on the bricks that is consisted of recycled plastics. Plastic is the most used materials daily by humans and often being disposed in landfills and causes problems to the environment. Waste piles and pollution issues arise if plastic waste is not recycled due to its long time or duration taken to decompose. Plastic is non-biodegradable that remains as a hazardous material for more than centuries. Plastic materials can remain on earth for 4500 years without degradation, which leads to the contamination of soil. The plastic waste is composed of major toxic pollutants and has the potential to cause great harm to the environment in the forms of air, water and land pollution. This study is used plastic waste such as mineral water bottle, containers and products as plastic bricks. Plastic wastes were collected and processed by decomposing them in certain stages of heat to dilute into viscous liquid and incorporated into brick mold with standard specifications. Brick products were produced as soon as the cooling process in the mold completed and removed as interlocking plastic bricks. Compression tests were carried out to characterize mechanical properties and durability of the plastic brick. Recycled plastic materials plus organic waste (brick waste recycles mixed with recycled ceramic waste) is cheaper, durable and lightweight. Production of one-unit brick can reduce and recycle around 5 kg of plastic waste. The compression test shows that plastic bricks plus organic waste has good strength, durability and specifications as an alternative to replace conventional bricks for the purpose of modern technology construction industry, in particular the Industrialised Building Systems.

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The Characteristic and Properties Lightweight Organic Bricks from Rice Husk

2023 , Umar Kassim , Au Yong Seh Pin , Kamaruddin Mohd Nor , Wan Azani Wan Mustafa , Mohd Nazaruddin Yusoff , Nor Suzylah Sohaimi

In our cutting-edge environment, a lightweight organic brick is an optional revelation item that should be taken into consideration. The organic brick is superior to the traditional brick in terms of additional qualities. During assembly, it can reduce the exemplified energy of regular brick. Utilizing this organic brick could result in greater energy savings from a warm comfort perspective and help to protect the environment because it produces less pollution. The unused rice husks that are piling up in Perlis give rise to this item as a potential solution to the problem. In light of this idea, leftover rice husks can be used to create organic brick. In addition, Malaysia's rapid development would subsequently build the block requests. This fuels the primary objective of researching renewable and environmentally friendly alternatives to conventional brick. Since it is eco-friendly and easily obtainable in Malaysia, rice husk stands out among other optional lightweight options. By baking clay, rice husk, and cement together, lightweight organic brick is produced. The organic sample, which contains up to 80% rice husk, is added and put through an oven drying process so that it can dry entirely before the testing can begin. Because there was more rice husk in the specimen, there were more pores, which enhanced the compressive strength. As a result, the quality of the rice husk increases as more of it is added. Although the organic brick specimen doesn't meet the standard for compressive strength, it does so for low bulk density, which is much lower than the requirement for lightweight materials. It is therefore perfectly reasonable to use it as a light construction material.

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