Syafawati Ab Saad
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Preferred name
Syafawati Ab Saad
Official Name
Syafawati, Ab Saad
Alternative Name
Saad, S. A.
Saad, Syafawati Ad
Saad, Syafawati Ad
Main Affiliation
Scopus Author ID
55901390100
Researcher ID
EIZ-9135-2022

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Evaluation of predictors for the development and progression of Diabetic Retinopathy among diabetes Mellitus Type 2 patients

2022-12 , Syafawati Ab Saad , Maz Jamilah Masnan , Karniza Khalid , Safwati Ibrahim

Diabetic retinopathy is one of the microvascular complications caused by prolonged uncontrolled diabetes. It is believed that diabetic retinopathy correlates with certain predictors and risk factors that might worsen the disease, eventually causing visual loss and blindness among diabetes patients. There are some predictors and risk factors that attribute to the development and progression of diabetic retinopathy, such as the duration of diabetes and HbA1c trends. This study aims to evaluate the predictors and risk factors associated with the development and/or progression of diabetic retinopathy. Retrospective data were collected from a single healthcare facility in the northwest of Peninsular Malaysia. Patients included in this study were those with type 2diabetes mellitus diagnosed with diabetic retinopathy. The total number of patients involved in this study were 197, where 161 of them were newly diagnosed or with progressive diabetic retinopathy. The characteristics of diabetes patients with complication of diabetic retinopathy were described through descriptive statistics. Characteristics include demographics data such as age, gender, race and clinical data such as HbA1c readings HbA1c, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), urea and haemoglobin concentration (Hb). The results show that 7 predictors and risk factors are significant to the development and progression of diabetic retinopathy among diabetes patients. By using multinomial logistic regression, this study offers better understanding of the significant predictors and risk factors related to diabetic retinopathy.

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Predictor selection for progression and development of diabetic nephropathy among diabetes mellitus type 2 patients

2023-04-24 , Syafawati Ab Saad , Maz Jamilah Masnan , Karniza K. , Safwati Ibrahim

The prevalence of diabetic nephropathy is thriving worldwide such as in the United States, Europe and Asia. Diabetic nephropathy or commonly known as "diabetic kidney disease"(DKD) is characterized by the present of albuminuria, hypertension and progressive renal failure. A variety of predictors are associated with the development, progression and severity of diabetic nephropathy. This study divides diabetes patients with diabetic nephropathy into three groups; Group 1 (diabetes patients who were diagnosed with diabetic nephropathy with the same stage for a certain period of time until the current follow-up), Group 2 (diabetes patients who were diagnosed with diabetic nephropathy without obvious clinical findings but have shown disease development) and Group 3 (diabetes patients who were diagnosed with diabetic nephropathy at a certain stage for a period time but progressively worsen over time during the current follow-up). The purpose of this study is to evaluate the predictors that are associated to patients in Groups 2 and 3. Retrospective data were collected from a healthcare center located in northern peninsular Malaysia. A total of 194 patients were included in this study. Characteristics of data include demographics information such as age, gender, race and clinical data such as glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), urea and haemoglobin concentration (Hb). Findings show that few predictors and risk factors are significant to the development and progression of diabetic nephropathy. This study is important to reveal the significant predictors and risk factors as healthcare professionals can identify patients with risk for diabetic nephropathy and may reduce the morbidity and mortality among patients.

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