Suhardy Daud
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Preferred name
Suhardy Daud
Official Name
Suhardy, Daud
Alternative Name
Daud, S.
Daud, Suhardy
Main Affiliation
Scopus Author ID
36937454400
Researcher ID
EQP-4308-2022

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Detection of landfill odour using Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM)

2006 , Saiful Azhar Saad , Mohd Noor Ahmad , Suhardy Daud , Farizul Hafiz Kasim , Mohd Nazry Salleh

Odour is considered as the main environmental pollution agent in Malaysia. Even though the standard permissible level for odour in Malaysia has not been set yet as for air and water, malodour is considered as one of the main polluting agents, since the people has started to be concerned about the malodour. Conventionally, the odour was detected by the olfactometer, which used human as its panel for smell. But the human panels are unable to produce a consistance result, especially for the continous monitoring. In this study, the Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) was used as an odour detector. The QCM is basically a mass sensitive device with the ability to measure a very small change on a quartz crystal resonator in real time. This system basically comprises of an array of sensors as well as data acquisition and components analysis. A Principle Component Analysis (PCA) is used to define three distinct regions, according to the time of the samples being taken and hence allow the landfill odour differentiation.

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Infrared spectroscopy of extracted and acetylated chitin in versatile deep eutectic solvents (DES)

2022-05-18 , Suhardy Daud , Luqman Musa , Farizul Hafiz Kasim , Mohd Nazry Salleh , Nazahah Mustafa , Ahmad Z.

The conventional method to extract the chitin content from the crustacean shells usually uses concentrated acids and alkalis to remove impurities such as calcium carbonate and protein. However, the uses of concentrated acids and alkalis have caused many environmental issues. Deep Eutectic Solvent (DES) is one of the solvents that can be used to extract the chitin content from the crustacean shells. DES has two components namely Hydrogen Bond Donor (HBD) and Hydrogen Bond Acceptor (HBA). In this study, two types of DES have been used are betaine (HBA) - urea (HBD) and choline chloride (HBA) - urea (HBD). The results showed that DES betaine - urea and choline chloride - urea have extracted chitin content of 5.4609 % and 2.0020 % w/w respectively. The extracted chitins were analyzed using infrared spectroscopy method. The values of the degree of acetylation (DA) for the chitins were 103.1699 and 83.4821 respectively.

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Penggunaan kaedah Kolorimetri pembentukan kompleks kuprum-sabun dalam penentuan kandungan asid lemak bebas bagi minyak kelapa sawit

2005 , Suhardy Daud , Farizul Hafiz Kasim , Saiful Azhar Saad , Mustaffa Nawawf , Kee Szi Loof

Kandungan asid lemak bebas merupakan sa/ah satu aspek yang sangat penting dalam mengenalpasti kualiti sesuatu minyak kelapa sawit. Kaedah yang /azim digunakan bagi penentuan kandungan asid /emak bebas dalam minyak kelapa sawit ialah kaedah titratan dengan larutan natrium hidroksida. Bagaimanapun, kaedah ini memakan masa yang panjang dan sukar dilakukan. Melalui kajian ini, suatu kaedah kolorimetri yang ringkas dan cepat telah dibangunkan bagi menentukan kandungan asid /emak bebas dalam minyak kelapa sawit. Kaedah ini berdasarkan kepada pembentukan kompleks kuprum-sabun selepas asid-asid /emak bebas bertindak balas dengan /arutan kuprum asetat. Tiga sampel minyak kelapa sawit telah ditentukan kandungan asid /emak bebas mela/ui kaedah kolorimetri dan titratan. Bagi kaedah kolorimetri, kandungan asid lemak bebas dalam sampel-sampel tersebut ialah 1.93%, 0. 77% dan 0.16% wlw. Menggunakan kaedah titratan pula, kandungannya ialah 2.09%, 0. 73% dan 0.16% w/w. Hasil kajian menunjukkan kaedah kolorimetri sesuai digunakan bagi penentuan kandungan £!Sid lemak bebas dalam minyak kelapa sawit dengan /ebih mudah dan cepat berbanding kaedah titratan

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Determination of degree of acetylation (DA) for chitin in deep eutectic solvents (DES)

2022-11-18 , Suhardy Daud , Luqman Musa , Farizul Hafiz Kasim , Ahmad Anas Nagoor Gunny , Mohd Nazry Salleh , Nazahah Mustafa , Mubarak N.M.

Degree of acetylation (DA) is an important parameter to determine the quality of chitin. Apart from the assessment on the bond structure in the chitin molecule, infrared spectroscopy is one of the methods that can be used to determine the value of DA. The DA value of chitin is an important parameter because the value indicates the purity of chitin quality. Chitin acetylation is the process of addition an acetyl substitution group (-COCH3) to a chitin chain. The addition of acetyl will improve its dispersing properties and subsequently will improve the chitin adhesion properties within hydrophobic matrix in composite materials as well. In this study, Deep Eutectic Solvent (DES) was used as a medium for chitin extraction and acetylation in one single process. DES has two components namely Hydrogen Bond Donor (HBD) and Hydrogen Bond Acceptor (HBA). Betaine and choline chloride were used as HBA whilst urea was selected to be utilized as HBD. The findings showed that the quantity of extracted chitins by the DESs were 5.4609 % and 2.0020 % respectively. The DA values for the extracted chitins are 103.1699 and 83.4821. For acetylated chitin in DES betaine - urea, the DA value was increased from 103.1699 to 118.4818. The findings showed that the high quality acetylated chitin can be produced in a single process involving extraction and acetylation process by using DES as a medium.

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