Subash Chandra Bose Gopinath
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Preferred name
Subash Chandra Bose Gopinath
Official Name
Subash Chandra Bose, Gopinath
Alternative Name
Gopinath, S.
Gopinath, S. C.B
Subash Gopinath, C. B.
Subash, Gopinath
Subash C. B. Gopinath
Main Affiliation
Scopus Author ID
7006558013
Researcher ID
D-2953-2015

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Nanocrystalline diamond electrolyte-gates in field effect transistor for a prolific aptasensing HIV-1 tat on hydrogen-terminated surface

2020-04 , Nurul Atiqah Ahmad , Ruslinda A. Rahim , Bohuslav Rezek , Alexander Kromka , Nur Syakimah Ismail , Subash Chandra Bose Gopinath , Tibor Izak , Vaclav Prochazka , Fatin Nabilah Mohd Faudzi , Azrul Syafiq Zainol Abidin , Nur Nasyifa Mohd Maidizn

Nanocrystalline diamonds have recently gained great attention to circumvent the current hurdles, with their appealing properties such as high-surface-area to volume ratio, low-background current, wide potential window, biocompatibility, and chemical stability. The nanocrystalline diamonds electrolyte-gated field-effect transistor (NCD-EGFET) can operate directly in solution without involving gate oxides in bringing the hydrogen-tethered moieties and facilitates the p-type surface conductivity. This research investigated on Trans-activator of transcription (Tat) protein; a powerful viral gene activator that plays a pivotal role in the primary stage of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication. Dose-dependent interactions of HIV-1 Tat on NCD-EGFET-based RNA aptamer sensing surface were monitored and attained the detection down to 10 fM. The linear regression curve with 3σ estimation professed the sensitivity range to be 31.213 mV/log10 [Tat Concentration]M and the limit of detection of 6.18 fM. The selectivity analysis of NCD-EGFET was conducted with different proteins from HIV (Nef and p24) and Bovine Serum Albumin. Furthermore, to practice in the clinical application, HIV-1 Tat was spiked into the human blood serum and it displayed the genuine non-fouling interaction with the aptamer. The attained high-performance signal enhancement with nanocrystalline diamond-biosensing aids to circumvent the issues in the current diagnosis.

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Gold Nanomaterial Hybrid on PEGylated Metal Oxide Interdigitated Mini-electrode Surface to Diagnose Prostate Cancer

2020-12-01 , Gu D. , Zhang, Quansuo , Guo J. , Ma T. , Li, Hongmei , Ji J. , Subash Chandra Bose Gopinath , Lakshmipriya T. , Li, Song , Shen D.

Prostate cancer is a leading health burden, the third most common cancer in a man. High accuracy detection and screening methods with a suitable biomarker can significantly reduce the risk of mortality. Prostate specific antigen (PSA) is the efficient and acceptable biomarker due to its level of increment in the biological fluid with the prostate cancer patient. This research was focused to establish a sensitive method of PSA detection by using gold nanoparticle (GNP) conjugated PSA specific aptamer on interdigitated mini-electrode. GNP allowed to capture higher number of aptamers on the surface and enhanced the interaction of PSA. This good detection method can determine PSA at 45aM with the sensitivity of 30aM. A linear range was noticed from 60 until 2000 aM on the regression curve at y = 0.1568x + 0.143; R2 = 0.955. Moreover, spiking PSA in human serum enhances the current response with increasing PSA concentrations. This method of determination helps to quantify the PSA level and diagnose the prostate cancer at different stages.

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Aptamer-antibody dual probes on single-walled carbon nanotube bridged dielectrode: Comparative analysis on human blood clotting factor

2020-05-15 , Yao J. , Li S. , Zhang L. , Yang Y. , Subash Chandra Bose Gopinath , Lakshmipriya T. , Zhou Y.

Haemophilia is a blood clotting disorder known as ‘Christmas disease’ caused when the blood has defect with the clotting factor(s). Bleeding leads various issues, such as chronic pain, arthritis and a serious complication during the surgery. Identifying this disease is mandatory to take the necessary treatment and maintains the normal clotting. It has been proved that the level of factor IX (FIX) is lesser with haemophilia patient and the attempt here is focused to quantify FIX level by interdigitated electrode (IDE) sensor. Single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) was utilized to modify IDE sensing surface. On this surface, dual probing was evaluated with aptamer and antibody to bring the possible advantages. The detection limit with antibody was found to be 1 pM, while aptamer shows 100 fM. Further, a fine-tuning was attempted with sandwich pattern of aptamer-FIX-antibody and antibody-FIX-aptamer and compared. Specific elevation of detection with 10 folds was noticed and displayed the detection at 100 f. in both sandwich patterns. In addition, FIX was detected in the diluted human serum by aptamer-FIX-antibody sandwich, it was found that FIX detected from the dilution factor 1:640. A novel demonstration is with higher discrimination against other clotting factors, XI and VII.

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Conductometric immunosensor for specific Escherichia coli O157:H7 detection on chemically funcationalizaed interdigitated aptasensor

2024 , Muhammad Nur Afnan Uda , Alaa Kamal Yousif Dafhalla , Thikra S. Dhahi , Tijjani Adam , Subash Chandra Bose Gopinath , Asral Bahari ambek , Muhammad Nur Aiman Uda , Nor Azizah Parmin , Nur Hulwani Ibrahim , Uda Hashim

Escherichia coli O157:H7 is a strain of Escherichia coli known for causing foodborne illness through the consumption of contaminated or raw food. To detect this pathogen, a conductometric immunosensor was developed using a conductometric sensing approach. The sensor was con-structed on an interdigitated electrode and modified with a monoclonal anti-Escherichia coli O157: H7 aptamer. A total of 200 electrode pairs were fabricated and modified to bind to the target molecule replica. The binding replica, acting as the bio-recognizer, was linked to the electrode surface using 3-Aminopropyl triethoxysilane. The sensor exhibited excellent performance, detecting Escherichia coli O157:H7 in a short time frame and demonstrating a wide detection range of 1 fM to 1 nM. Concentrations of Escherichia coli O157:H7 were detected within this range, with a minimum detection limit of 1 fM. This innovative sensor offers simplicity, speed, high sensitivity, selectivity, and the potential for rapid sample processing. The potential of this pro-posed biosensor is particularly beneficial in applications such as drug screening, environmental monitoring, and disease diagnosis, where real-time information on biomolecular interactions is crucial for timely decision-making and where cross-reactivity or interference may compromise the accuracy of the analysis.

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Diagnosis of hepatitis B virus by an aptasensor developed on a microelectrode

2025-03 , Jintang Yin , Yuefang Pan , Subash Chandra Bose Gopinath

Hepatitis B is a viral infection (HBV) that affects millions of people worldwide and causes HBV-related liver diseases, leading to both chronic and acute complications. Patients affected by HBV need a regular monitoring of disease progression and viral activity for a treatment and to reduce the risk. In this research, a highly sensitive HBsAg (hepatitis B surface antigen) aptasensor was developed on an interdigitated microelectrode (IDME). Amine-modified gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) were used as the linker to attach a capture probe of aptamer on IDME. To improve the aptamer immobilization, COOH-ended aptamer was premixed with glutaraldehyde and attached on IDME through the amine-Au NPs. This method of aptamer immobilization increased the number of aptamers on the electrode and detected HBsAg as low as 0.1 ng/mL on a linear regression coefficient curve within the range of 0.1 to 2 ng/mL. Furthermore, HBsAg-spiked serum increased the response of current without interference of proteins in the serum, indicating a specific detection of HBsAg. Control proteins HBeAg, HBeAb, HBsAb, HbcAb, albumin, and complementary aptamer did not change the current responses, confirming the specific detection of HBsAg by its aptamer. This HBsAg biosensor quantifies lower levels of HBsAg and helps to screen hepatitis B infection.

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Intrinsic tenase blood biomarker imprinted polymer-aptasensor with carbon nanohorn and gold nano-urchin construct for primitive-phase diagnosis of Haemophilia B

2024 , Hemavathi Krishnan , Subash Chandra Bose Gopinath , Periasamy Anbu , Sreeramanan Subramaniam

The selective biomimetic aptasensor for blood coagulation factor IX protein (FIX) detection was developed using an interdigitated electrode with an Archimedean spiral pattern. In contrast to conventional molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) techniques, aptamer was employed as a macromonomer to accelerate double binding affinity. To preserve the aptamer profile in its protein-binding orientation, FIX protein and thiol-modified RNA aptamers were complexed prior to MIP fabrication. The immobilized aptamer-FIX complex was surrounded by a polymer generated by the electropolymerization of 3-thiophene acetic acid (3TAA). Subsequent to FIX protein removal, leaves imprinted cavities facilitate selective FIX protein detection in conjunction with the affinity of embedded aptamer affinity. The Archimedean IDE surface was functionalized with carbon nanohorn (CNH) and gold nanourchin (GNU) to increase the imprinting ratios and sensor sensitivity. The developed FIX-aptasensor shows a detection limit of 0.06 fM, which is 660-fold higher than aptamer-embedded MIP nanoparticles. Moreover, the sensor exhibited greater selectivity for FIX, discriminating IgG and thrombin. As a preliminary study for clinical use, the sensor was used to analyze human serum without target spiking and detected FIX-protein with a relative standard deviation of 9.18%. It was ascertained that the sensor maintained 85% sustained performance for a duration of five weeks.

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