Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
  • Publication
    Enhancing the use of Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) for lightweight concrete wall panels
    (Semarak Ilmu Publishing, 2025-05) ;
    Concrete is widely used in for construction purposes due to many advantageous properties. Depending on the density, concrete can be categorized as either conventional or lightweight. However, incorporating sustainable and eco-friendly elements like Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) can reduce the weight of concrete resulting in construction material. The main objective of this research is to investigate the effects of the inclusion of EPS towards the physical characteristics of concrete such as compressive strength, flexural strength, density and water absorption. This research also aim to analyze the soundproofing capabilities of wall panels produced using EPS. The study focuses on evaluating percentages (10%, 15% and 20%) of EPS as aggregates in terms of their impact on mechanical properties, physical properties and soundproofing qualities, in lightweight concrete. A total of 36 cube samples measuring 100 mm x 100 mm x 100 mm were prepared for testing at both 7 day and 28-day curing periods. In addition, 12 wall panel samples measuring 100 mm x 100 mm x 500 mm and another four wall panel samples measuring 600 mm x 600 mm x 40mm for analysis. Findings of the research indicate that the desired targets were met for water absorption (10%) density (15%) and soundproof performance (20%). During the 28-day strength test, the compressive strength decreased by 21.86%, 30.57% and 35.56% when replacing 10%, 15% and 20% of the material respectively. Lightweight concrete achieved a value of 19.45 MPa with a replacement of only 10% EPS. However, the samples, with a replacement of 15% and 20% did not reach this compressive strength level. This study demonstrates that EPS can be effectively utilized in applications. There was a reduction for the flexural strength ranging from 13.42% to 27.89% compared to the control mix when replacing with EPS at rates of 10%, 15% and 20%. This study succeeded in producing the novel discovery of the use of EPS in contributing to reducing overall structure weight, which in turn helps decrease energy consumption during transportation and construction processes.
  • Publication
    Analysis of Thermal Comfort Among Workshop Users: At TVET Technical Institution
    Thermal comfort is a part of indoor environmental quality that should be considered to ensure the occupants' well-being. Unconducive buildings not only bring occupants discomfort but also tend to affect health, disrupt the process of teaching and learning, and reduce work productivity. Thus, this study determines the thermal condition of existing workshop buildings used in Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) implementation. ASHRAE Standard 55 (2017) is referred to in the determination of thermal comfort involving objective measurements and subjective measurements. Observation methods of environmental variables such as air temperature, radiant temperature, air velocity, relative humidity is observed. Evaluations of comfort are based on occupant surveys and environmental measurements. A total of 257 people completed a questionnaire distributed at three technical institutions in Kedah, Malaysia. According to the findings, the average thermal sensation vote is 1.85, which leads to 66.5% of respondents feeling discomfort. Meanwhile, the adaptive model analysis showed that the workshop environmental conditions were out of the comfort zone and did not comply with the ASHRAE 55 standard. Hence, the thermal discomfort factors from the occupants' perspective were identified and widely discussed. As a result, the research findings will benefit parties involved in new building construction or existing building renovations to improve indoor air quality.
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  • Publication
    Hybrid System Methods in Industrialised Building Systems (IBS): A Structural Compatibility Study
    ( 2024-11-01)
    Azmin I.
    ;
    ; ; ; ;
    Yusoff M.N.
    ;
    Abd Razak S.M.S.
    ;
    Ilpandari I.
    Hybrid System in Industrialised Building System (IBS) is combining IBS components with conventional method. Delay has become a familiar issue in construction field. The issues pertaining structure stability when using this combination method leads to delay while installing these two different method components. The combination also could cause a defect jointing. In Industrialised Building System (IBS), even though it is one of the technology methods that can save times, cost, and reduce labour in construction, but there still have constraints such as design issues, lack of experienced worker, and internal and external issues that can affect cost problems. In this study, the suitability structure based on combination method is investigated to discover the affected factors of suitability structure by using Hybrid System which is the aim of this study. The data analysis from quantitative survey shows that the top three affecting the building structure are: 1) weather effects with highest mean of 6.25 followed by 2) delay of jointing process at 6.03 and 3) defects from monolithic jointing at 5.93. Therefore, the amount of average data obtained shows that the most affected structure is the Hybrid System.
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