Mohd Hanif Mohd Pisal
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Preferred name
Mohd Hanif Mohd Pisal
Official Name
Mohd Hanif , Mohd Pisal
Alternative Name
Mohd Pisal , Mohd Hanif
Pisal, Mohamad Hanif Mohd
Pisal, M. H.M.
Main Affiliation
Scopus Author ID
56239228100
Researcher ID
GFX-4850-2022

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Physicochemical Properties of Industrial Wood Waste-Derived Cellulose Nanofibrils

2024-01-01 , Hing M.H. , Mohd Hanif Mohd Pisal , Sezali N.A.A. , Ong H.L. , Doong R.A.

Wood is an important raw material, especially for construction and industrial scale activities which have resulted in a large amount of wood waste (WW). The accumulation of industrial WW has led to serious environmental issues; hence, the utilization of the industrial WW is being studied by researchers due to the rich content of cellulose. This study investigated the physicochemical properties of cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) derived from industrial WW. The preparation of the CNFs involves the pretreatment of WW with an alkaline deep eutectic solvent (DES) and bleaching with peracetic acid, followed by 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation and mechanical post-treatment. Interestingly, the yield of the CNFs produced was 52%, which is half of the raw material used. Furthermore, the morphology of the WW-derived CNFs was analyzed from scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The WW-derived CNFs showed a uniform size with a width of around 20–100 nm and a length of several micrometers. Moreover, the production of WW-derived CNFs was further verified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) for the surface functional groups, X-ray diffraction (XRD) for the crystallography, and thermal gravimetry analysis (TGA) for thermal stability. The results obtained from these characterization methods have proved the successful transformation of the industrial WW into a high-potential nanomaterial, which is the CNFs that can be used for further applications in paper making, composites, packaging, textiles, biomedicine, energy storage, and electronics.

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The effect of filler loading on mechanical properties of kenaf core fiber filled polypropylene composite: Tensile properties

2021-05-03 , Rusyidah M.N. , Rozyanty Rahman , Mohd Hanif Mohd Pisal , Nainggolan I.

This work was aimed to study the composite of thermoplastic polypropylene (PP) and kenaf core fiber (KCF). More specifically, the effect of different KCF loading on mechanical properties of PP/KCF composite had been investigated. The fabrication of PP/KCF composite with filler loading of 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 wt% was prepared by using co-rotating twin-screw extruder at temperature 180 ºC and rotor speed of 70 rpm. The mixing process then proceeded with compression molding at the same temperature to produce sheet composite, before the composite was cut into dumbbell specimens using a hydraulic press. All the samples were subjected to the tensile test to evaluate the mechanical properties of the composite. The results obtained showed that the increase in filler loadings increase tensile strength and modulus of the composite while decrease elongation at break. The highest tensile strength of composite recorded at 20 wt% of KCF loading, and the addition of more KCF after that resulting in a significant drop of tensile strength. To conclude, the mechanical properties of KCF reinforced polypropylene composite were influenced by filler loading.

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Laser cutting process of natural polymer composites: Scope, limitation, and application

2024-04-01 , Domadi M.K. , Ismail M.I.S. , Mohd Hanif Mohd Pisal , Yusoff M.Z.M. , Kassim A.R.

The environmental concern with global Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) has given researchers and industries more attention to using renewable resources and eco-friendly composite materials. However, conventional machining methods have drawbacks when machining natural composite materials. As a promising unconventional method, laser cutting has attracted the attention of manufacturing industries to machining composites, including natural fiber-reinforced polymer composites (NFRCs). Natural polymer composite materials, particularly those that use natural fibers as fillers, are trendy in a wide range of engineering applications. The challenge of this nontraditional method with NFRCs required the industries to demand extensive research into composite materials cutting properties and laser mechanisms. Using a long-pulse laser beam for cutting causes thermal effects during the material removal process. These effects include melting zones, heat-affected zones (HAZ), recast layers, and thermal damage to neighboring layers. This paper focuses on the overview of the laser machining concept in laser cutting processes and their advantages in cutting NFRCs. The final product applications of the NFRCs determine the laser machining strategies. The laser cutting performance analysis associated with machining challenges and essential process parameters that affect the cutting kerf quality and the HAZ is outlined for a better fundamental understanding in this research area. Future research into laser cutting mechanisms on NFRCs could benefit from new combinations of laser type, process parameters, and selected composition of NFRCs.

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Mechanical properties of poly-(hydroxybutyrate- co -valerate)/natural rubber/cellulose nanocrystal (PHBV/NR/CNC) nanocomposites prepared by using two-roll mill method

2024-04-01 , Lim K.C. , Halim N.A.S.A. , Mahamud S.N.S. , Osman A.F. , Mohd Hanif Mohd Pisal , Masa A.

Poly (hydroxybutyrate-co-valerate) (PHBV) was the ideal replacement for petroleum-based plastic, owing to its biocompatible, non-toxicity and naturally by bacteria. However, PHBV has high brittleness due to high crystallinity, becoming a major challenge for PHBV commercial production and limiting its use in molded products. Natural rubber (NR) and cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) created an excellent opportunity to enhance the modulus and minimize the effect of non-degradable materials utilized in the polymer matrix. This study demonstrates the formation of PHBV/NR/CNC ternary nanocomposites to obtain a commodity biomaterial with improved mechanical properties. The effects of CNC loadings (1, 3, 5 wt.%) on the mechanical properties and structure of the PHBV/NR/CNC nanocomposites were investigated. Based on the tensile test, the use of the CNC brought a more pronounced positive impact (especially 1wt.% CNC) to the PHBV/NR blend matrix, where it enhanced the tensile Young's modulus of the PHBV/NR/CNC nanocomposites. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the success of peroxide crosslinking after the melt compounding process by using a heated two-roll mill.

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Effect of graphene nanoplatelet addition on the electrical conductivity of poly(hydroxybutyrateco-hydroxyvalerate) biocomposites

2021-11-12 , Syarifah Nuraqmar Syed Mahamud , Ganesan O. , Mohd Hanif Mohd Pisal , Rabat N.E.

Poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) is one of the most promising biodegradable polymers used in many applications due to its biodegradability and non-toxicity. However, the usage of PHBV in electronic, biomedical, and biosensor applications has been limited due to its poor electrical properties. This study shows a simple method of producing and enhancing the electrical conductivity of PHBV-based biocomposites by adding graphene nanoplatelet (GNP) as a conductive filler. The biocomposite films were prepared using the solvent casting method, consist of five GNP loading (0-5 wt. %). The prepared PHBV/GNP biocomposites show enhanced electrical conductivity compared to neat PHBV. PHBV/GNP biocomposite with 5 wt. % filler loading exhibits the highest electrical conductivity at 3.83 × 10-3 S/cm. Higher crystalline regions in the PHBV/GNP biocomposites have facilitated the transfer of electrons between PHBV, resulting in the formation of conductive biocomposites, as evident from X-ray diffraction (XRD) characterization.

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Electrical conductivity of poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate)/ graphene biocomposites produced via different solvent

2021-05-03 , Syarifah Nuraqmar Syed Mahamud , Mohd Hanif Mohd Pisal , Koh J.H. , Jalil J.A.

Poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) is among the most promising polymers used in a variety of applications, owing to its low cost, biodegradability, and nontoxicity. However, PHBV is electrically insulating; hence, limits its use in biomedical applications. This study demonstrates a straightforward and environment-friendly method to fabricate and modify the electrical conductivity of PHBV-based biocomposites by incorporating graphene (G) as conductive filler. PHBV/G bicomposite films were fabricated using acetic acid as an alternative to conventional solvents such as chloroform. The electrical conductivity of the biocomposite films with various loadings of graphene (0- 5 wt.%) was investigated by a two-point probe. It was discovered that, PHBV/G biocomposites at 5 wt.% graphene loading possess the highest electrical conductivity irrespective of the type of solvents used. Meanwhile, acetic acid casted PHBV/G biocomposite films have a greater electrical conductivity compared to chloroform casted PHBV/G biocomposite films.

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A review on mechanical properties of hybrid reinforced polymer composite

2020-11-02 , Mustapa N.R. , Rozyanty Rahman , Mohd Hanif Mohd Pisal

Development of hybrid fiber reinforced composite as sustainable alternatives material for some industrial and engineering applications have gained significant interests over past few years. The combination of two different types of reinforcing elements in a single matrix system produce a hybrid composite with special features such as biodegradability, low cost, low specific weight, and in some cases, enhance the mechanical, thermal and water absorption properties compared to single-fiber reinforced composite. In this paper, the mechanical properties (tensile properties, flexural properties and impact strength), thermal expansion and water absorption behavior of hybrid fiber-reinforced composite were reviewed and reported.

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Chitosan/polyethylene oxide (Peo) filled carbonized wood fiber conductive composite film

2020-01-01 , Mohd Hanif Mohd Pisal , Jalilah Abd Jalil , Anisah M.F.H. , Tilagavathy A.

Biopolymer-based conductive polymer composites (CPCs) would open up various possibilities in biomedical applications owing to ease of processing, renewable resource and environmentally friendly. However, low mechanical properties are a major issue for their applications. In this study, the investigated the conductivity of chitosan/ PEO blend films filled with carbonized wood fiber (CWF) prepared by solution casting. The effect of CWF was also investigated on tensile properties and their morphological surfaces. The tensile results from different ratios of chitosan/PEO blend films without CWF show that the tensile strength and modulus increased with the increase of chitosan content and chitosan/PEO blend film with 70/30 ratio exhibited the best combination of tensile strength and flexibility. However, a reduction of tensile strength was observed when CWF amount was increased while the modulus of the tensile shows an increment. The film also exhibited higher electrical conductivity as compared to low chitosan ratio. The addition of CWF greatly enhanced the conductivity three-fold from 10-10 to 10-6 S/cm. The electrical conductivity continued to increase with the increase of CWF up to 30 wt%. The surface morphology by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) exhibits the absence of phase separation for the blends indicating good miscibility between the PEO and chitosan. Incorporation of CWF into the blend films at 5 wt% showed agglomeration. However, the increase of CWF created larger agglomerations that formed conductive pathways resulting in improved conductivity. FTIR analysis suggested that intermolecular interactions occurred between chitosan and PEO while CWF interacts more with the protons of PEO.

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Effect of Different Filler Loading on Flexural Properties and Water Absorption Behavior of Kenaf Core Fiber Reinforced Polypropylene Composite

2020-11-24 , Mustapa N.R. , Rozyanty Rahman , Mohd Hanif Mohd Pisal

In this investigation, kenaf core fiber (KCF) reinforced polypropylene (PP) composite was prepared via extrusion and compression moulding. The effect of different ratio of KCF filler with PP on flexural properties of composite had been investigated. PP and KCF filler were prepared with different filler loading of 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 wt% using twin-screw extruder at temperature 180 °C and rotor speed of 70 rpm, followed by compression moulding at the same temperature. The flexural tests were conducted to evaluate the flexural properties of the composite. The results obtained showed that the incorporation of KCF in PP increased the flexural strength and flexural modulus of the composite. The water absorption behaviour of the composite was also investigated. It was found that water absorption of composites increased with increasing of fiber content.

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The role of zinc chloride in enhancing mechanical, thermal and electrical performance of ethylene vinyl acetate/carbonized wood fiber conductive composite

2021-02-02 , Mohd Hanif Mohd Pisal , Azlin Fazlina Osman , Tan Soo Jin , Rozyanty Rahman , Alrashdi A.A. , Masa A.

Carbonized natural filler can offer the production of low cost composites with an eco-friendliness value. The evolving field of electronics encourages the exploration of more functions and potential for carbonized natural filler, such as by modifying its surface chemistry. In this work, we have performed surface modification on carbonized wood fiber (CWF) prior to it being used as filler in the ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) composite system. Zinc chloride (ZnCl2) with various contents (2 to 8 wt%) was used to surface modify the CWF and the effects of ZnCl2 composition on the surface morphology and chemistry of the CWF filler were investigated. Furthermore, the absorptive, mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties of the EVA composites containing CWF-ZnCl2 were also analyzed. SEM images indicated changes in the morphology of the CWF while FTIR analysis proved the presence of ZnCl2 functional groups in the CWF. EVA composites incorporating the CWF-ZnCl2 showed superior mechanical, thermal and electrical properties compared to the ones containing the CWF. The optimum content of ZnCl2 was found to be 6 wt%. Surface modification raised the electrical conductivity of the EVA/CWF composite through the development of conductive deposits in the porous structure of the CWF as a channel for ionic and electronic transfer between the CWF and EVA matrix.

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