Mohd Arif Anuar Mohd Salleh
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Preferred name
Mohd Arif Anuar Mohd Salleh
Official Name
Mohd Arif Anuar, Mohd Salleh
Alternative Name
Mohd Salleh, Mohd Arif Anuar
Salleh, Mohd A.A.
Salleh, M. A.A.Mohd
Mohd Salleh, M. A.A.
Salleh, M. A.A.M.
Mohd Salleh, M. M.A.
Main Affiliation
Scopus Author ID
55543476900
Researcher ID
C-3386-2018

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  • Publication
    Mesoporous Structure of Doped and Undoped PEG on Ag/TiO2 Thin Film
    ( 2019-08-14)
    Abdul Razak K.
    ;
    Dewi Suriyani Che Halin
    ;
    Azani A.
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Mohd Arif Anuar Mohd Salleh
    ;
    Norsuria Mahmed
    ;
    Muhammad Mahyiddin Ramli
    ;
    Sepeai S.
    In this reaserch, photocatalyst silver titanium dioxide was doped and modified by Polyethylene Glycol (PEG). The purpose of the present study was to analyse the synthesized Ag/TiO2 thin film doped and undoped PEG. Ag/TiO2 thin films on silicon wafer have been prepared by sol-gel spin coating. The samples were characterized by Grazing Incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) and Atomic Force Microscope (AFM). The doped and undoped PEG Ag/TiO2 thin films showed a mesoporous TiO2 matrix which includes TiO2 crystallites of 10-20 nm in size and small Ag nanoparticles (white spots) with various sizes ranging from 10 to 30 nm. However, doped PEG Ag/TiO2 thin film showed the Ag nanoparticles became agglomerates but still remained roughly uniform on the surface.
  • Publication
    Surface Modification of GO/TiO2 Thin Film by Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate for Photocatalytic Applications
    ( 2024-01-01)
    Azliza Azani
    ;
    Dewi Suriyani Che Halin
    ;
    Mohd Arif Anuar Mohd Salleh
    ;
    Kamrosni Abdul Razak
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Muhammad Mahyiddin Ramli
    ;
    Vizureanu P.
    ;
    Mohd Fairul Sharin Abdul Razak
    ;
    Sandu A.V.
    ;
    Mohamad N.
    Photocatalyst material titanium dioxide (TiO2) and graphene oxide (GO) were used to improve the self-cleaning properties of thin films. The sol–gel spin-coating method was successfully used to synthesize GO/TiO2 thin films. Surface modification was applied to optimize the self-cleaning capabilities by adding several concentrations of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) (0.1 w/v%, 0.2 w/v%, 0.3 w/v%, 0.4 w/v%, and 0.5 w/v%) to the parent solution. The synthesized thin films were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction, UV-visible spectroscopy, water contact angle analysis, and photocatalytic analysis. The AFM and SEM images revealed that as the SDS amount increased, the particles became less agglomerated, and the roughness of the surface reduced from 2.54 × 102 nm to 0.83 × 102 nm. The wettability analysis showed that when SDS increased to 0.4 w/v%, the water contact angle dropped to 15.30°, implying that the thin film exhibits hydrophilic qualities. A decrease in the GO/TiO2 band gap was obtained linearly with the increase in SDS addition from 3.17 eV to 2.75 eV. Finally, the improvement of the surface coating and reduction of the band gap enhanced the photocatalytic activity, which degraded 78.97% of methylene blue, which was obtained by 0.4SDS.
      2
  • Publication
    Characterization of SnOâ‚‚/TiOâ‚‚ With The Addition of Polyethylene Glycol Via Sol-Gel Method For Self-Cleaning Application
    ( 2023-01-01)
    Halin D.S.C.
    ;
    Azliza A.
    ;
    Razak K.A.
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Mohd Arif Anuar Mohd Salleh
    ;
    Wahab J.A.
    ;
    Chobpattana V.
    ;
    Kaczmarek L.
    ;
    Nabiałek M.
    ;
    Jeż B.
    TiO2 is one of the most widely used metal oxide semiconductors in the field of photocatalysis for the self-cleaning purpose to withdraw pollutants. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is recommended as a stabilizer and booster during preparation of water-soluble TiO2. Preparation of SnO2/TiO2 thin film deposition on the surface of ceramic tile was carried out by the sol-gel spin coating method by adding different amount of PEG (0g, 0.2g, 0.4g, 0.6g, 0.8g) during the preparation of the sol precursor. The effects of PEG content and the annealing temperature on the phase composition, crystallite size and the hydrophilic properties of SnO2/TiO2 films were studied. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectra revealed different phases existed when the films were annealed at different annealing temperatures of 350°C, 550°C and 750°C with 0.4 g of PEG addition. The crystallite sizes of the films were measured using Scherrer equation. It shows crystallite size was dependent on crystal structure existed in the films. The films with mixed phases of brookite and rutile shows the smallest crystallite size. In order to measure the hydrophilicity properties of films, the water contact angles for each film with different content of PEG were measured. It can be observed that the water contact angle decreased with the increasing of the content of PEG. It shows the superhydrophilicity properties for the films with the 0.8 g of PEG annealed at 750°C. This demonstrates that the annealed temperature and the addition of PEG affect the phase composition and the hydrophilicity properties of the films.
      2
  • Publication
    Factors of Controlling the Formation of Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) Synthesized using Sol-gel Method - A Short Review
    ( 2022-01-24)
    Abdul Razak K.
    ;
    Dewi Suriyani Che Halin
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Mohd Arif Anuar Mohd Salleh
    ;
    Mahmed N.
    ;
    Azani A.
    ;
    Chobpattana V.
    There have been experiments on TiO2 thin films synthesized utilizing sol-gel techniques. The sol-gel method is a straightforward technology that gives numerous benefits to the researcher, for instance, material's reliability, reproducibility, and controllability. Following from there, it can be utilized to make high-quality nano-structured thin films. According to previous studies, the TiO2 films' characteristics occur to be highly dependent on the production parameters and initial materials utilized. Controlling the formation of TiO2 thin films with the sol-gel method was momentarily discussed here.
      2
  • Publication
    Effect of peg doped on optical properties of Ag/TiO2 thin film
    ( 2020-01-01)
    Razak K.A.
    ;
    Halin D.S.C.
    ;
    Azani A.
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Mohd Arif Anuar Mohd Salleh
    ;
    Mahmed N.
    ;
    Azhari A.W.
    ;
    Chobpattana V.
    PEG doped Ag/TiO2 thin film was prepared by the sol-gel method through the hydrolysis of titanium tetraisopropoxide and silver nitrate solution. Various amount of PEG (0.05g – 0.20g) were added into the solution preparation to study the effect of PEG doped on the optical properties of the prepared thin films. Spin coating method was used to get uniform film on ITO glass substrate followed by annealing process for 1 hour. The obtained thin films were analysed using XRD, SEM and UVVis spectrophotometer. Anatase phase of TiO2 thin film were obtained for all prepared thin films. The addition of 0.15g of PEG shows a thin film with a series of a small, coarse and loose crystalline structures compared to the non-PEG thin film structure with a larger and compact structure. The increasing of PEG amount added led to the increasing of light absorption and decreasing of the band gap.
      2
  • Publication
    Synthesis of Zn/TiO2 Thin Films for Self-Cleaning Applications
    ( 2022-07-01)
    Dewi Suriyani Che Halin
    ;
    Abidin A.S.Z.
    ;
    Azani A.
    ;
    Mohd Arif Anuar Mohd Salleh
    ;
    Kamrosni Abdul Razak
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Muhammad Mahyiddin Ramli
    ;
    Sandu A.V.
    ;
    Vizureanu P.
    ;
    Kaczmarek L.
    ;
    Garus S.
    ;
    Garus J.
    Titanium dioxide (TiO2) thin film has been widely used in semiconductor applications. The surface modification on TiO2 has been done by adding zinc (Zn) in order to improve surface wettability and enhance the photocatalysis efficiency for solar cell applications. Self-cleaning technology is very important to sustain the efficiency of the solar cell and reduce the cost of the maintenance of the solar cell. In this work, the sol–gel method was used due to the economic factor and its best efficiency. The sol–gel method is a wet chemical technique involving several steps, such as hydrolysis and polycondensation, gelation, aging, drying, densification, and crystallization. The X-Ray diffraction pattern shows that anatase and rutile phases were detected at 2θ = 36.3864◦. It was clearly seen at 4% Zn-doped TiO2 annealed at 400◦C that due to the increment of Zn concentration, the phase transformed from the anatase phase to the rutile phase at high temperature. The scanning electron microscope micrograph shows that Zn concentration affects grain size. The water contact angle produced when 4% Zn-doped TiO2 was annealed at 300◦C, was 18◦ — higher than in the sample of 4% Zn-doped TiO2 annealed at 400◦C. These results clearly showed that the dopant concentration and the annealing temperature influence the properties of TiO2 for a self-cleaning application.
      2
  • Publication
    Effect of polyethylene glycol and sodium dodecyl sulphate on microstructure and self-cleaning properties of graphene oxide/TiO2 thin film
    ( 2020-09-01)
    Azani A.
    ;
    Dewi Suriyani Che Halin
    ;
    Kamrosni Abdul Razak
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Norsuria Mahmed
    ;
    Muhammad Mahyiddin Ramli
    ;
    Mohd Arif Anuar Mohd Salleh
    ;
    Mohd Fairul Sharin Abdul Razak
    ;
    Ayu Wazira Azhari
    ;
    Chobpattana V.
    ;
    Kaczmarek L.
    In this study, a sol gel procedure for preparation of TiO2 thin films with graphene oxide (GO) was developed. The effect of PEG and SDS addition on the microstructure of the films as well as the photocatalytic activity of the thin film was also investigated. The morphology and surface structure of the films were studied by SEM and AFM while the photocatalytic activity of the films was analyzed by measuring the degradation of methylene blue under sunlight irradiation using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. It was found that GO/TiO2 thin film with PEG shows a smaller and porous particle while GO/TiO2 thin film with SDS formed a very smooth surface and very fine particles. Therefore, in AFM analysis reveals that surface roughness decreases with the addition of PEG and SDS. Finally, the photocatalytic activity showed that GO/TiO2 thin film with SDS have the most effective self-cleaning property which degrade 64% of methylene blue that act as model of contaminants.
      1
  • Publication
    Synthesis of Ag-TiO2thin film - Molarity and temperature effect on Microstructure
    ( 2020-08-01)
    Dewi Suriyani Che Halin
    ;
    Razak K.A.
    ;
    Azani A.
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Mohd Arif Anuar Mohd Salleh
    ;
    Mahmed N.
    ;
    Ramli M.M.
    ;
    Ayu Wazira Azhari
    ;
    Chobpattana V.
    ;
    Kaczmarek
    Ag-TiO2thin films with different concentration of silver (Ag) added were successfully deposited onto Si-substrate via sol-gel spin coating method. The phase analysis and microstructures of Ag-TiO2thin films have been characterized by X-ray diffractometer and scanning electron microscope. X-ray diffraction spectra show existing different phases influenced by the concentration of the Ag and the annealing temperature. The micrograph of scanning electron microscopy revealed the thin films annealed at 600 °C with 7 mol% of Ag concentration which shows that the Ag particles were found like a white dot formed on the grain of TiO2thin films.
      2
  • Publication
    Self-cleaning property of ag/tio2 thin film
    ( 2020-01-01)
    Kamrosni Abdul Razak
    ;
    Dewi Suriyani Che Halin
    ;
    Azliza Azani
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Mohd Arif Anuar Mohd Salleh
    ;
    Norsuria Mahmed
    ;
    Chobpattana V.
    Ag/TiO2 thin film was prepared by the sol-gel method through the hydrolysis of titanium tetraisopropoxide and silver nitrate solution. Spin coating method was used to get uniform film on ITO glass substrate followed by annealing process for 1 hour. After that, all the samples were characterised using GIXRD and FESEM and undergone water contact angle test and MB degradation. Silver ion concentrations were varied to observe the effect on crystalline state, morphology, wettability and photocatalytic properties. The results showed that Ag/TiO2 thin film was in anatase phase and it could degrade nearly 70% of methylene blue after 150 min illumination. The formed Ag/TiO2 thin film has excellent self-cleaning property with compact, continuous, smooth, and good hydrophilicity property.
      2
  • Publication
    The Effect of Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) on TiO2 Thin Films via Sol-Gel Method
    ( 2020-03-18)
    Dewi Suriyani Che Halin
    ;
    Razak K.A.
    ;
    Mohamad Sukeri N.S.
    ;
    Azani A.
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Mohd Arif Anuar Mohd Salleh
    ;
    Mahmed N.
    ;
    Ramli M.M.
    ;
    Ayu Wazira Azhari
    ;
    Chobpattana V.
    This research focus on the effect of polyethylene glycol (PEG) on TiO2 thin film. Sol-gel method is the best method which tends to be used due to its simplicity, good chemical homogeinity and high purity of the product. Titanium (IV) isopropoxide, isopropanol and acetic acid are the three different chemical which being used to make sol solution. The samples was then will annealed at three different temperature which are 400 °C, 500 °C and 600 °C to observed the phase composition of TiO2 added PEG thin film and pure TiO2 by using X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and the structural surface by using scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis. The XRD analysis show the anatase phase present for the sample of pure TiO2 thin film and rutile phase present for the sample of TiO2 added PEG thin film. The micrograph of SEM show that with the addition of PEG at high temperature will give the analysis of flaky large cracked which is not separated to each other on the surface coating. Meanwhile, pure TiO2 give the result of irregular shape structure of the film.
      2