Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
  • Publication
    The effect of stacking sequence and ply orientation on the mechanical properties of pineapple leaf fibre (Palf)/carbon hybrid laminate composites
    In this paper, the effects of stacking sequence and ply orientation on the mechanical properties of pineapple leaf fibre (PALF)/carbon hybrid laminate composites were investigated. The hybrid laminates were fabricated using a vacuum infusion technique in which the stacking sequences and ply orientations were varied, which were divided into the categories of cross-ply symmetric, angle-ply symmetric, and symmetric quasi-isotropic. The results of tensile and flexural tests showed that the laminate with interior carbon plies and ply orientation [0â—¦, 90â—¦ ] exhibited the highest tensile strength (187.67 MPa) and modulus (5.23 GPa). However, the highest flexural strength (289.46 MPa) and modulus (4.82 GPa) were recorded for the laminate with exterior carbon plies and the same ply orientation. The fracture behaviour of the laminates was determined by using scanning electron microscopy, and the results showed that failure usually initiated at the weakest PALF layer. The failure modes included fibre pull-out, fibre breaking, matrix crack, debonding, and delamination.
      28  1
  • Publication
    The mechanical properties of pineapple leaf fibre (PALF)/carbon hybrid laminate composites at anti-symmetric ply orientation
    The mechanical properties of antisymmetric pineapple leaf fibre (PALF)/carbon hybrid laminate composites have been studied by researchers. The laminates were produced by vacuum infusion, and the void content easement was applied during validation. The laminates were tested on tensile (ASTM D3039) and flexural (ASTM D7264) testing. Analysing the results of tensile testing, it was determined that the laminate composed of PALF as the first layer and carbon as the second layer has the maximum tensile properties, at strength 110 MPa and modulus 6.5 GPa, respectively. After examining the flexural data, it was determined that the laminate made up of the first carbon and second PALF layers had the highest flexural strength and modulus, 235 MPa and 4.6 GPa respectively. Hence, the results imply that the stacking order influences the tensile and flexural properties. As concluded, stacking sequence has significant effect on anti-symmetric laminates.
      6  19
  • Publication
    Effects of Ply Orientations and Stacking Sequences on Impact Response of Pineapple Leaf Fibre (PALF)/Carbon Hybrid Laminate Composites
    This study investigated the impact response behaviours of pineapple leaf fibre (PALF)/carbon hybrid laminate composites for different ply orientations and stacking sequences. The laminates were manufactured using a vacuum infusion approach with various stacking sequences and ply orientations classified as symmetric quasi-isotropic, angle-ply symmetric, and cross-ply symmetric. The laminates were analysed using an IMATEK IM10 drop weight impact tester with an increment of 5 J until the samples were perforated. This investigation reveals that the overall impact properties of PALF and carbon as reinforcements were improved by a beneficial hybridised effect. The laminates with an exterior carbon layer can withstand high impact energy levels up to 27.5 J. The laminate with different stacking sequences had a lower energy transfer rate and ruptured at higher impact energy. The laminates with ply orientations of [0°/90°] and [±45°]8 exhibited 10% to 30% better energy absorption than those with ply orientations of [±45°2, 0°/90°2]s and [0°/90°2, ±45°2]s due to energy being readily transferred within the same linear ply orientation. Through visual inspection, delamination was observed to occur at the interfaces of different stacking sequences and ply orientations.
      1  32