Faridah Wahab
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Faridah Wahab
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Faridah, Wahab
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Scopus Author ID
57222295226
Researcher ID
GJB-5850-2022

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Phyton-Based Smart Algorithm for 3 × 3 Rubik’s Cube Solver

2021-01-01 , Allan Melvin Andrew , Nik Zainab Nik Azizan , Amirah A.S.N. , Ragunathan Al Santiagoo , Tan Wei Hong , Faridah Wahab , Rezal S.

Rubik’s cubes are exciting to be play with, but solving it can be a bit tricky, especially when we are not having the insight of how to solve it. There are many ways to solve it. This research is about creating a Phyton based- program to solve a physical Rubik’s cube. This research uses webcam as sensor, and Raspberry Pi microcontroller to generate solution from images to twist Rubik’s cube using servo actuators. To make it easy to be used, the program is equipped with Graphical User Interface (GUI) and Internet of Things (IoT). Hence, the program run in a smartphone, web- based systems through internet to give information about the performance of the project. The research is intended to create a Rubik’s cube solver which can be used for education purpose and to help people solving Rubik’s cube autonomously using Internet-of-things. The initial prototype is limited to solve 3 × 3 standard Rubik’s cube with dimension 5.7 × 5.7 × 5.7 cm. This project uses Python language to create improvised Kociemba program and GUI. The developed coding is tested on the 3D printed Rubik’s Cube Solver. Based on the test conducted with implementation in the prototype, the robot manage to solve the Rubik’s cube with an average of 21 moves.

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Prototype Design for Rubik’s Cube Solver

2021-01-01 , Allan Melvin Andrew , Faridah Wahab , Tan Wei Hong , Ragunathan Al Santiagoo , Amirah A.S.N. , Nik Zainab Nik Azizan , Lee F.S.

Rubik’s cube is a modern day plastic material puzzle, where the one need to twist and turn to solve the multicolour squares. At the end, the puzzle need to be solved to make all the same colour cubes on the same surfaces. High intelligence is needed to solve it at a shorter time. Therefore, this research is to create a robot solver to solve the Rubik’s cube in short time smartly. Initially, the algorithm will scan the six surfaces of unsolved cube through a webcam and register the colours in the memory. Once it is completed, the solving algorithm will analyse and instruct the servo motors to twist and turn based on the computed solution. It is then pass it to the solving algorithm to identify the solving process and send the moving instruction to the motors by Raspberry Pi. The robot body was constructed using laser cutter. It is to make sure that the measurements are accurate and correct. To solve the cube, four servo motors with high efficiency were used to twist the cube in certain legit with the rules of the game. Another four servo motors are connected to the rack and pinion gears by clamping to hold the Rubik’s cube from falling when it is twisted. An improvised “Kociemba Algorithm”, also called as “The Two-Phase-Algorithm” is used. It reduced the required moves to solve the cube into a maximum of 25 moves and a minimum of 19. Conclusively, the final prototype discussed in this paper is tested with the solving algorithm. The results are presented.

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Characterization and Properties of Pp/Nbrr/Kenaf Composites with Epoxy Resin Compatibilizer

2021-01-01 , Faridah Wahab , Allan Melvin Andrew , Nik Zainab Nik Azizan , Ragunathan Al Santiagoo , Amirah A.S.N. , Tan Wei Hong , Iqbal C.M.M.N.

The incompatibility between the natural fiber and the polymeric matrix composite due to hydrophilic and hydrophobic characteristic of the respective materials results in lower mechanical properties of the composite. Epoxy resin (EP) compatibilizer was added into the polypropylene (PP)/ recycled acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBRr)/ kenaf composites and the effect to the tensile strength has been investigated. The composites were prepared by mix melt PP and NBRr with Kenaf filler by using heated two roll mill at temperature of 180 ºC with speed of 15 rpm for 9 min. The ratio of PP/NBRr was varied from 100:0 up to 40:60 phr while kenaf filler and EP remain constant at 15 phr and 4 phr respectively. The samples were molded to form 1 mm sheet by using a hot press at 180 ºC temperature before cut in-to dumbbell shape. The tensile testing was conducted according to ASTM D638 (2003) Standard Test Method by using Instron Universal Testing Machine 3366 with crosshead speed of 5 mm/min. The Fourier Transform infra-red (FTIR) analysis and swelling test were also performed. The results of tensile test show that the tensile strength and modulus of elasticity were decreased with the increasing of NBRr ratio but increased the elongation at break (Eb). The composite with EP showed a better performance in both tensile strength and modulus of elasticity with increment 4–28% and 29 to 50% respectively, along the varies ratio. But, the Eb had reduced about 0.9 to 1.65%. FTIR results showed the spectra of C ≡ N at peak 2237.87 cm-1 was lost due to the esterification of PP/EP compatibilizer with kenaf or PP/EP compatibilizer with NBRr. The swelling test indicated higher water uptake for non-compatibilized composites as compared to compatibilized with EP compatibilizer.

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Assessment of a Self-sustaining Drainage Ditch: Water Quality Monitoring and Sampling

2021-01-01 , Amirah A.S.N. , Tan Wei Hong , Faridah Wahab , Allan Melvin Andrew , Nik Zainab Nik Azizan , Ragunathan Al Santiagoo , Shahniza M.S.N.

A research was to determine the water quality in the drainage ditch, and the area under investigation was in Kg Wang Ulu near Perlis. Five parameters of surface water quality physical and chemical characteristics were assessed, and pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) were analyzed. Water sampling was carried out during the time before planting, during planting and after planting in a single season. Results shown at NH3-N at point 1 varying from 1.18 to 4.82 mg/L, pH of 6.18 to 7.38, DO of 3.06 to 9.06 mg/L, BOD of 6.45 to 19.16 mg/L and COD of 18 to 28 mg/L. At point 2, 1 NH3-N ranging from 1.52 to 4.89 mg/L, pH values ranging from 6.13 to 7.38, DOs ranging from 3.19 to 8.63 mg/L, BOD ranging from 7.06 to 14.98 mg/L and COD ranging from 19 to 30 mg/L. Finally, point 3 results for NH3-N ranging from 2.50 to 5.92 mg/L, pH values ranging from 6.19 to 7.41, DO ranging from 3.06 to 9.06 mg/L, BOD ranging from 6.18 to 12.78 mg/L, and COD ranging from 18 to 42 mg/L, respectively.

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Development of smart GPS-based nurse following robot

2021-07-21 , Allan Melvin Andrew , Faridah Wahab , Tan Wei Hong , Ragunathan Al Santiagoo , Amirah A.S.N. , Nik Zainab Nik Azizan , Yi T.P.

Hospital nurses regularly bring their medicines and healthcare items to the patients using trolley. They need to push or pull the cart to the patient's beds, and then, need to bring it back to the original position many times daily. It can be tiresome for nurses because in a day, they need to treat many patients in the hospital. Thus, many devices have been invented to assist the nurses in their daily work routines. This research is focusing on developing a nurse following mobile robot that follows and carries medical items. The mobile robot is integrated with microcontroller, Global Positioning System (GPS) module, digital compass module and Bluetooth module. To use the robot, the nurse firstly needs to connect her smartphone to the robot through Bluetooth connection. Once the connection is established, the robot will start to follow the nurse. The robot can carry a maximum load of 5 kg and uses two direct current geared motors and a caster wheel to move.

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Mathematical Modelling Development of Sound Transmission Loss for Laminated Glass Using Response Surface Methodology

2021-01-01 , Tan Wei Hong , Faridah Wahab , Allan Melvin Andrew , Nik Zainab Nik Azizan , Ragunathan Al Santiagoo , Amirah A.S.N. , Lim E.A.

The purpose of this study is to identify parameters that affect the rate of sound transmission loss. Mathematical model of sound transmission loss (STL) is developed for laminated glass and maximize the STL of laminated glass by using response surface methodology (RSM). The main objective of this study is to determine the type of material and number of interlayers for laminated glass on the STL performance. The two-load transfer function method (TFM) coupled with LMS Test Lab Acoustic software to determine the STL. The analysis was made by observing the performance of STL with respect to different materials used, such as glass and Perspex. Besides that, number of interlayers for laminated glass also had been studied for the performance of STL. Next, the RSM will be applied to develop mathematical modelling of STL for laminated glass. Optimization on the variable of laminated glass also has been conducted to obtain optimum variable of laminated glass in order to deliver optimum STL performance.

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Performance of concrete gravity dam with various height of dam based on static pushover analysis

2021-07-21 , Nik Zainab Nik Azizan , Faridah Wahab , Allan Melvin Andrew , Ragunathan Al Santiagoo , Amirah A.S.N. , Tan Wei Hong

The study was related to the performance of the concrete gravity dam with a various height of dam based on static pushover analysis. Based on the concepts of nonlinear static pushover analysis, a lateral incremental load is applied to the dam body after exerting gravitational and hydrostatic loads. In a concrete gravity dam, inertia loads and hydrodynamic loads are the types of lateral loads generated in earthquakes. The four concrete dams of various height had been analyzed by using ABAQUS. For each model, there were 10 trials analysis of increasing lateral load until the dam reached its limit state. The four finite elements of the concrete gravity dam with various height will be designed. The various height of concrete gravity dam has been specified to 50m, 75m, 100m and 125m. The analysis had been run and the limit state of concrete gravity dam such as cracking will be determined. The magnitude of lateral pushover load will be increased consequently until the dam reached its limit state.

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The use of media filters in treatment of runoff pollution

2021-02-23 , Amirah A.S.N. , Ragunathan Al Santiagoo , Nik Zainab Nik Azizan , Allan Melvin Andrew , Faridah Wahab , Tan Wei Hong , Salwa Mohd Zaini Makhtar

The study will examine the ability of recycled aggregates and sand to classify wastewater in a manner that decreases the level of environmental pollution. The sample was taken from Kg Wang Ulu, Perlis agricultural district, Jejawi, Perlis industrial area and Taman Desa Katong, Perlis residential area. Water quality research has been investigated to find the characteristics of effluent such as suspended solids, BOD, COD and TSS. Three rainfall intensity values, of 5 LPM as low rainfall, 12.5 LPM as mean precipitation intensity, and 22.5 LPM as high-cut rainfall consisted of recycled aggregate and high-absorptive sand as drainage beds, were included in this operating system. Experimental findings indicate that the recycling of aggregates and sand filters has a positive effect on water in industrial and residential areas. It shows that the use of recycled aggregates as a drainage bed can increase the permeability of the region by reducing erosion, preventing flooding and promoting natural infiltration.

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A study of water distribution near Taman Seri Wang, Arau, Perlis

2021-02-23 , Nor Amirah Abu Seman @ Haji Ahmad , Tan W.H. , Faridah Wahab , Allan Melvin Andrew , Nik Zainab Nik Azizan , Ragunathan Al Santiagoo , Salwa Mohd Zaini Makhtar

The water distribution system consists of a network of pipelines of different sizes with control valves for transporting water to all streets and providing water to consumers through the water distribution system. The water distribution system may either be continuous or intermittent. Water is available 24 hours a day and seven days a week throughout the continuous water distribution network. This study was conducted to access the water distribution near Taman Seri Wang (TSW) in Arau, Perlis. Research had been outlined to access the existing water distribution at RPA ARAU, to identify the head loss of water distribution at TSW ARAU and to determine the relationship between node demand and pressure of water distribution system at TSW ARAU. A quantitative method was used in this study, which gathers the data parameter from Syarikat Air Perlis (SAP) generated using EPANET software to calculate the head loss inside the pipe Hazen - William equation. The flow rate shows a declining value at nodes 42, 34, 54 and 46 after an analysis of 0700 hours. Simultaneously, a higher proportion of head loss is found in mainly link 1 of the water intake point and link 15 in the water tank near the study area.

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Acoustical Analysis and Optimization for Micro-Perforated Panel Sound Absorber

2021-01-01 , Tan Wei Hong , Amirah A.S.N. , Ragunathan Al Santiagoo , Nik Zainab Nik Azizan , Allan Melvin Andrew , Faridah Wahab , Lim E.A.

The main objective of this study is to maximize the rate of sound absorption by applying the parameters of micro-perforated plate (MPP) such as the holes diameter, holes spacing, thickness of MPP, and air cavity depth of MPP. In this study, an optimization algorithm – Firefly algorithm is adopted to determine an optimum set of four parameters for MPP. There are four pieces of MPP with different holes of diameter and spacing was used as specimens. The two-microphone impedance tube method was used to measure sound absorption coefficient (SAC) of MPP sound absorber according to ASTM E1050-12 standard. From the experiments, MPP C (hole diameter = 0.5 mm, hole spacing = 7 mm) for both air cavity depth (30 & 60 mm) score the highest SAC which is 1.00 while MPP B (hole diameter = 0.9 mm, hole spacing = 5 mm) obtain the lowest SAC for air cavity of 30 and 60 mm, which are 0.62 and 0.54 respectively. Then, the firefly algorithm is applied to obtain the optimal solution the set of parameters for MPP sound absorber to reduce the noise level. Hence, it is concluded that by increasing the air cavity depth, holes spacing, and decreasing holes diameter size can increase the rate of sound absorption for MPP. The optimal set of parameters obtained from this study for MPP sound absorber for air cavity, hole diameter and holes spacing are 30, 0.71 mm and 0.5 respectively.

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