Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
  • Publication
    One-pot synthesis of molecular-imprinted membrane for selective extraction of caffeic acid
    This research investigated the capabilities of caffeic acid-imprinted membrane (CA-IM) toward the selective extraction of caffeic acid (CA). A simpler surface-imprinted membrane using poly(vinylidene fluoride) as supporting membrane, CA as the template, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as the cross-linker, and 4-vinylpyridine as the functional monomer was developed. The characterization of the membrane’s surface after the polymerization process was analyzed with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and a scanning electron microscope. Molecular modeling showed a ratio of 1:4 for which template/monomer gave the highest at − 18.09 kcal/mol. This indicates that this ratio can form a stable complex and a greater affinity toward CA. Batch rebinding and kinetics were performed and then followed by isotherm and kinetic adsorption modeling. Our results show that CA-IM fitted with Freundlich adsorption model and kinetic adsorption of CA-IM followed the second-order model. The selectivity experiment indicated that the adsorption capacity (1.497 mg/g), distribution coefficients, KD (1.939), and selectivity of polymers to CA were higher than for gallic acid and vanillic acid for CA-IM when compared to NIM. These results demonstrated that CA-IM is a capable and effective material for the selective adsorption and enrichment of CA compounds.
      1  36
  • Publication
    Heparin Epitope Imprinted Via Sol-Gel Process on Silica Surface: Effect of Template: Monomer Ratio Studies
    ( 2023-01-01) ;
    Ishak N.
    ;
    Anuar A.
    ;
    Abdullah S.
    Heparin, a sulfated glycosaminogylcan (GAG) is one of macromolecule natural compounds and widely used as an anticoagulant drug, anti-thrombotic agent and hemodialysis (patients undergoing kidney dialysis). Since it is derived from animal source, heparin can contain several natural contaminants. Thus, molecular imprinting technology is introduced for purification and separation of heparin. An epitope extraction was implemented consist of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) as template to capture large molecule of heparin which prepared by sol-gel process on the surface of macromolecule silica using 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and functional monomer and cross-linker respectively. Here, the effect of template: monomer ratio was evaluated and result shown that the (1:2) ratio of template to functional monomer successfully adsorb and enrich the heparin protein. The imprinted polymer was characterized with Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET) and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM). The adsorption behaviours of epitope imprinting indicated that Langmuir-Freundlich (single-site) was considered as the model with better fit and kinetic batch studies showed pseudo-first-order kinetic model via physicochemical process. The results obtained good imprinting comparable of epitope imprinting effect.
      7  31
  • Publication
    β-Glucan extraction from mycelium in spent mushroom substrate of pleurotus ostreatus and schizophyllum commune
    ( 2021-05-24) ;
    Ruslan N.R.N.
    ;
    Zakaria Z.
    ;
    Hassan S.A.M.
    ;
    Ishak N.
    ;
    ;
    Spent mushroom substrate (SMS) is the biomass waste produced from the production of mushroom which generating disposal problems. To overcome the problem the extraction of bioactive compound such as β-glucan from the waste SMS could solve the problem and can also increase its added value. β-glucan appears to be promising for aiding in the cure of tumorous disease and help to reduce the cholesterol levels in blood. In this study, β-glucan was extracted and compared from two different commercial mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus and Schizophyllum commune) from its fruiting body and mycelium on solid waste SMS using chemical extraction methods. The characteristics of physical structure, functional group and properties of extracted β-glucan was investigated. Here, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and screening electron microscope (SEM) were used to identify and evaluated the structural conformations of β-glucan and physical structure. The functional properties, swelling power, viscosity and fat binding capacity were analyzed. Based on results, mycelia of Pleurotus ostreatus shown highest swelling power (11.74 g/g) and fat binding capacity (12.09 g oil/g sample) while, mycelia of Schizophyllum commune shown the highest viscosity (11.85 cP). Since the value for all functional properties shown the highest value on mycelium compare to fruiting body, thus it is strength that β-glucan extraction from mycelium solid waste has high novel properties compare with mushroom fruiting body.
      32  2