Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
  • Publication
    Synthesis of ultrasonicated amine-functionalized MgO-deposited empty fruit bunch (EFB)-derived biochar for COâ‚‚ adsorption
    (Springer, 2025)
    A. N. Shafawi
    ;
    ;
    A. R. Aghamiri
    ;
    P. Lahijani
    ;
    M. Mohammadi
    ;
    A. R. Mohamed
    In this study, biochar derived from empty fruit bunch (EFB) was modified by sonication, amine functionalization, and MgO deposition to increase COâ‚‚ uptake capacity towards addressing the global warming problem. The optimal conditions for amine functionalization were a biochar to melamine mass ratio of 5:2, an activation temperature of 700 Â°C, and a heating rate of 15 Â°C/min. The sequential sonication, amine functionalization, and MgO deposition resulted in the ultrasonicated amine-functionalized MgO-deposited biochar (UAMB) with the highest CO2 uptake capacity of 84.95 mg/g, which is a 142% increase compared to the pristine biochar (35.10 mg/g). The results of XRD, SEM–EDX, FTIR, Raman, BET, Boehm titration, and XPS analysis showed that the sequential treatments improved the porosity, surface area, and surface chemistry of the modified biochar due to the presence of MgO, pyridine, pyrrole, and nitrile, resulting in a superior increase in COâ‚‚ uptake capacity. Advantageously, this modified biochar exhibited the highest affinity for COâ‚‚ compared to air, methane, and nitrogen and was stable up to 12 cycles of COâ‚‚ adsorption–desorption. Kinetic studies showed that the Avrami kinetic model best described COâ‚‚ adsorption on the biochar, with physisorption being the main adsorption mechanism and chemisorption making only a minor contribution to COâ‚‚ adsorption. COâ‚‚ capture tests in a fixed-bed adsorption system showed that the best adsorption conditions were at a gas flow rate of 30 mL/min, an initial COâ‚‚ concentration of 15%, and an adsorption temperature of 30 Â°C. The excellent performance of this modified biochar is promising for efficient COâ‚‚ capture to reduce COâ‚‚ emissions.
  • Publication
    Ethylene gas sensing properties of Tin Oxide nanowires synthesized via CVD method
    (IOP Publishing, 2018-03-19) ;
    Khairudin Mohamed
    ;
    Sheikh A. Rezan
    ;
    Arafat M.M.
    ;
    Haseeb A.S.M.A.
    ;
    ;
    This paper studies ethylene gas sensing performance of tin oxide (SnO2) nanowires (NWs) as sensing material synthesized using chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technique. The effect of NWs diameter on ethylene gas sensing characteristics were investigated. SnO2 NWs with diameter of ∼40 and ∼240 nm were deposited onto the alumina substrate with printed gold electrodes and tested for sensing characteristic toward ethylene gas. From the finding, the smallest diameter of NWs (42 nm) exhibit fast response and recovery time and higher sensitivity compared to largest diameter of NWs (∼240 nm). Both sensor show good reversibility features for ethylene gas sensor.
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  • Publication
    Siliceous waste material supported MOF-5 for carbon monoxide capture at low temperature
    (Springer Nature, 2025)
    Irvan Dahlan
    ;
    Mak Kar Yee
    ;
    Anis Natasha Shafawi
    ;
    This study investigated the removal of carbon monoxide (CO) by using modified metal–organic framework-5 (MOF-5) adsorbent. The incorporation of siliceous waste materials (i.e., rice husk ash (RHA) and coal fly ash (CFA)) and the effect of sonication and triethylamine (TEA) were investigated to determine their effect on CO capture performance. Experimental results showed that the combined use of sonication, TEA and the presence of siliceous waste materials in MOF-5 resulted in a significant increase in the CO adsorption capacity from 1.8 mg/g (pristine MOF-5) to 8.18 mg/g (modified MOF-5-RHA1000-CFA(2:1)-TEA/UB/b). Kinetic studies showed that the pseudo-second-order kinetic model could more accurately predict the CO adsorption on the modified MOF-5 adsorbent, suggesting that chemisorption is the main mechanism for CO capture. Characterization techniques using BET, FTIR, and SEM/EDX verified structural and compositional changes in the modified MOF-5. This study provided valuable insights into the potential of siliceous waste material supported MOF-5 for efficient CO capture, suggesting future research directions in understanding the sonication effect and optimizing synthesis conditions for improved sustainability and performance.
      1  5
  • Publication
    Development of high-performance COâ‚‚ adsorbents from urea-modified Leucaena leucocephala hydrochar
    (Springer, 2025-02) ;
    Anis Natasha Shafawi
    ;
    Pooya Lahijani
    ;
    Maedeh Mohammadi
    ;
    Abdul Rahman Mohamed
    This study explores the development of urea-functionalized hydrochar from Leucaena leucocephala wood (LW) for COâ‚‚ capture. Hydrochar was produced via hydrothermal carbonization at 170 Â°C for 90 min and subsequently functionalized with urea. The effects of urea: hydrochar ratio (1:1 to 3:1), activation temperature (400–800 Â°C), and heating rate (5–15 Â°C/min) on COâ‚‚ adsorption capacity were investigated. Optimal conditions (2:1 urea: hydrochar ratio, 600 Â°C activation temperature, 5° C/min heating rate) increased COâ‚‚ adsorption capacity from 13.09 mg/g to 76.20 mg/g. The modified adsorbent demonstrated high affinity towards COâ‚‚ over N2, CH4, and Oâ‚‚, and maintained performance over 11 adsorption–desorption cycles. Kinetic studies revealed physisorption as the primary adsorption mechanism. In fixed-bed column tests, best performing conditions within the tested ranges (30 ml/min flow rate, 15% COâ‚‚ concentration, 30 Â°C) yielded a COâ‚‚ uptake of 195.54 mg/g. This study demonstrates the potential of urea-functionalized hydrochar from Leucaena leucocephala as an efficient, sustainable adsorbent for COâ‚‚ capture.
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