Nur Liza Rahim
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Nur Liza Rahim
Official Name
Nur Liza, Rahim
Alternative Name
Rahim, Nur Liza
Rahim, N. L.
Rahim, Nur Alis Addiena A.
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Scopus Author ID
55754434900

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  • Publication
    Validation Of Shear Failure On Bolted Connection For Nyatoh Hardwood
    ( 2023-01-01)
    Ujan X.L.A.
    ;
    Karim A.R.A.
    ;
    Sa’Don N.M.
    ;
    Sahari S.H.
    ;
    Nur Liza Rahim
    ;
    Quenneville P.
    The lack of consideration of brittle failure by the Malaysian Timber Standard (MS544-5) in the design of bolted connections for local hardwood can be seen from the unacceptable under-design performance shown by the code. This makes the design output costly because of the increased use of steel materials due to either bigger bolt diameters or larger bolt quantities required. The current study was conducted to examine the effectiveness of the existing design equations for bolted connections in Nyatoh hardwood. This present study was to propose a set of optimised equations that can be used for the retrofit design of wall-diaphragm connections in unreinforced masonry buildings. The row shear failure observed in the tested bolted connections of Nyatoh hardwood was also reported. Ten different bolted connection configuration details in the manner of a steel-wood-steel arrangement were tested, which all had a single row bolted connection. By using the linear regression method in analysing the experimental data obtained, a calibration factor for optimising the Row Shear Model (RSM) equation was identified. From the comparisons made between the experimental results and the strength predictions given by both MS544-5 and RSM, it was found that the design strength calculated from MS544-5 was too conservative for predicting the bolted connection strength in Nyatoh hardwood, whereas the RSM predictions were acceptable and recommended.
  • Publication
    Effectiveness validation on existing design equations for sustainable design of mansory building retrofits
    ( 2022-06-01)
    Ujan X.L.
    ;
    Karim A.R.A.
    ;
    Sa’Don N.M.
    ;
    Yao T.X.
    ;
    Quenneville P.
    ;
    Nur Liza Rahim
    Due to the unsatisfactory performance of MS544-5 in estimating the design capacity of bolted timber connections, this present study was initiated to validate the existing predictive equations used by the Malaysian Standard (MS544-5). An evaluation of the European Yield Model (EYM) equation was also done to provide an optimal design equation for the bolted connection design in local hardwood. To verify these two sets of equations, a series of bolted timber connection tests was conducted on Nyatoh hardwood. Nyatoh was chosen as its strength makes it ideal for use as structural timbers, either as roof rafters or floor joists in masonry building constructions. The bolted timber connection tests conducted involved eight types of bolt configurations and the tests on each configuration was done in sets of 10 specimens. The experimental values obtained were then compared with the predictive equations of MS544-5 and EYM to examine their effectiveness. From the comparison, it was found that the prediction values given by MS544-5 were overly conservative with an average effective ratio of 0.34 while the EYM had an average effective ratio of 1.09. Thus, the use of EYM equations was recommended for the sustainable retrofit design development of Malaysian masonry buildings
  • Publication
    Effect of bolt configurations on stiffness for steel-wood-steel connection loaded parallel to grain for softwoods in Malaysia
    ( 2022-01-01)
    Nur Liza Rahim
    ;
    Sheng F.T.S.
    ;
    Karim A.R.A.
    ;
    Nabialek M.
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Sroka M.
    Steel-wood-steel connection is widely seen in many applications, such as timber structures. The stiffness of steel-wood-steel connection loaded parallel to grain for softwoods originated from Malaysia was investigated in this study. Numerical models have been developed in ABAQUS to study the stiffness connection. Softwoods of Damar Minyak and Podo have been selected in this analysis. The comprehensive study focused on the effect of bolt configurations on stiffness. Numerical analysis is carried out and the developed model has been validated with the previous study. Further investigations have been made by using the validated model. From this model, numerical analysis of the stiffness values have been made for various bolt configurations, including bolt diameter, end distance, bolt spacing, number of rows and bolts and edge distance. The result shows that the stiffness of bolted timber connections for softwood depends on the bolt diameter, number of rows and bolts, end distance and edge distance. Based on the result, stiffness increased as the diameter of the bolt, end distance, number of rows and bolts and edge distance increased. It is also discovered that the stiffness equation in Eurocode 5 (EC5) is inadequate as the equation only considered parameters which are wood density and bolt diameter. Other connection parameters such as geometry are not considered in the EC5 equation.