Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
  • Publication
    Temperature analysis of single busbar with variation of total harmonic distortion in current
    Typically, busbars are used to transmit and distribute currents in a bus duct system. The alarming use of nonlinear loads in the industrial sector or at residentials, such as arc welding, computers, ballast lighting, variable speed drives, and so on, has resulted in the generation of harmonics in current distortion, which are uncontrolled and thus increase heat generation within the system. The research conducted in this paper focuses on the prediction of the heat distribution as well as the analysis on operating temperature of a single busbar with compliance to the British National and International Standard (BS 159: 2014) using the Finite Element Method (FEM) in COMSOL Multiphysics software. The copper busbar dimension used for this research was 20mm x 6mm x 300mm, and the fundamental Root Mean Square (RMS) current was 419.1 A. The size of this busbars can withstand the maximum current of 430 A at a maximum operating temperature of 90°C, which complies with the standard requirement. The fundamental current is injected with variation of total harmonic distortion in current up to 55% with an interval of 5%. According to the findings, the operating temperature increases in direct proportion to the increase in total harmonic distortion with the current injections. With the presence of 55% of total harmonics in the current, the current was increased up to 57.73 A from the fundamental current, while the operating temperature was increased up to 140C from the fundamental temperature. The total harmonics in current produced by the nonlinear loads could affect the operating temperature of the busbars, and this continuous operation of current flow will affect the busbars' lifespan due to the occurrence of overheating.
  • Publication
    Performance analysis of deterministic particle swarm optimization MPPT for a standalone photovoltaic system
    (Semarak Ilmu Publishing, 2025-07) ; ;
    Arunprasath Thanabalan
    ;
    Muhammad Aniq Shahmi Bimazlim
    ;
    Fatin Nadia Azman Fauzi
    ;
    Azirah Baharum
    ;
    Ashraf Mohammad Issa Bani Ahmad
    This paper presents a study of Deterministic Particle Swarm Optimization (DPSO) in maximum power point tracking. DPSO is applied to a standalone PV system with a boost converter. This method is implemented primary to solve the problem in conventional techniques such as Perturb and Observe (P&O) and Incremental Conductance (IC) in failure to detect optimum point under certain condition, fixed step-size and high steady-state oscillation. Deterministic method is applied to conventional Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and takes advantage over guiding the behaviour of the particles through experience. The velocity of the particle is predicted and evaluated until the optimum point is achieved. A standalone photovoltaic (PV) system is constructed with MATLAB Simulink and DPSO is deployed and tested by simulation. The effectiveness of DPSO is evaluated under uniform condition at standard test condition (STC), medium and low irradiance. The results show that the DPSO successfully converge at optimum point with low steady-state oscillation, and it has high efficiency.
  • Publication
    Maximizing solar power output: a comparative analysis of PSO and SSA in MPPT
    (IEEE, 2023)
    Muhammad Aniq Shahmi Bin Bimazlim
    ;
    ; ;
    Ashraf Mohammad Issa Bani Ahmad
    ;
    Agus Jamal
    This research investigates the utilization of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and the Salp Swarm Algorithm (SSA) for Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) in solar photovoltaic (PV) systems under varying irradiance conditions (200 W/m2, 600 W/m2, and 1000 W/m2). Both algorithms demonstrate commendable MPPT performance, consistently increasing output power as irradiance levels rise. While PSO maintains slightly higher PV voltage values, both algorithms effectively regulate PV current and skillfully manage the duty cycle, keeping it proximate to the Maximum Power Point (MPP). Prompt and stable MPPT operation is evident in both algorithms, ensuring high efficiency and minimal oscillations. These results are crucial for practical PV applications where reliable and efficient power extraction is imperative. The findings underline the robustness and efficiency of both PSO and SSA in MPPT, with only slight distinctions in PV voltage. This comparative analysis offers practical guidance for selecting the most suitable algorithm for specific PV system requirements, contributing to enhanced energy harvesting and MPPT performance. It serves as a valuable resource for researchers and professionals in the renewable energy field, emphasizing the significance of optimization algorithms in optimizing PV system sustainability.
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