Shakhirul Mat Salleh
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Shakhirul Mat Salleh
Official Name
Shakhirul, Mat Salleh
Alternative Name
Mat Salleh, Shakhirul
Shakhirul, M. S.
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Scopus Author ID
56230004800

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  • Publication
    Analysis reconfigurable frequency textile antenna in bending condition
    ( 2017-01-01)
    Shakhirul Mat Salleh
    ;
    Muzammil Jusoh
    ;
    Abdul Hafiizh Ismail
    ;
    Hasliza A Rahim @ Samsuddin
    ;
    Kamarudin M.R.
    ;
    Thennarasan Sabapathy
    ;
    Herwansyah Lago
    In this paper, the analysis of reconfigurable frequency textile antenna in bending conditions is presented. The antenna consists of a truncated rectangular patch and slotted ground plane made by ShieldIt Super. Felt fabric is used as an antenna substrate. The proposed antenna is capable to reconfigure at seven different states frequencies by using three PIN diodes. The Circular Polarization (CP) is achieved at the GPS operating frequency. Meanwhile, the proposed antenna operates as a Linear Polarization (LP) at high operating frequencies. The performances of antenna in bending conditions is analyze since the textile antenna usually attached on the body will easily bend due to the human body structures. Details of the simulation results for antenna in bending condition are discussed.
  • Publication
    Higher Order OAM Mode Generation Using Wearable Antenna for 5G NR Bands
    ( 2023-01-01)
    Noor S.K.
    ;
    Arif Mawardi Ismail
    ;
    Mohd Najib Mohd Yasin
    ;
    Mohamed Nasrun Osman
    ;
    Thennarasan Sabapathy
    ;
    Shakhirul Mat Salleh
    ;
    Soh Ping Jack
    ;
    Rambe A.H.
    ;
    Ramli N.
    This paper presents a flexible and wearable textile array antenna designed to generate Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) waves with Mode +2 at 3.5 GHz (3.4 to 3.6 GHz) of the sub-6 GHz fifth-generation (5G) New Radio (NR) band. The proposed antenna is based on a uniform circular array of eight microstrip patch antennas on a felt textile substrate. In contrast to previous works involving the use of rigid substrates to generate OAM waves, this work explored the use of flexible substrates to generate OAM waves for the first time. Other than that, the proposed antenna was simulated, analyzed, fabricated, and tested to confirm the generation of OAM Mode +2. With the same design, OAM Mode −2 can be generated readily simply by mirror imaging the feed network. Note that the proposed antenna operated at the desired frequency of 3.5 GHz with an overall bandwidth of 400 MHz in free space. Moreover, mode purity analysis is carried out to verify the generation of OAM Mode +2, and the purity obtained was 41.78% at free space flat condition. Furthermore, the effect of antenna bending on the purity of the generated OAM mode is also investigated. Lastly, the influence of textile properties on OAM modes is examined to assist future researchers in choosing suitable fabrics to design flexible OAM-based antennas. After a comprehensive analysis considering different factors related to wearable applications, this paper demonstrates the feasibility of generating OAM waves using textile antennas. Furthermore, as per the obtained Specific Absorption Rate (SAR), it is found that the proposed antenna is safe to be deployed. The findings of this work have a significant implication for body-centric communications.
  • Publication
    Stretchable and Bendable Polydimethylsiloxane- Silver Composite Antenna on PDMS/Air Gap Substrate for 5G Wearable Applications
    ( 2023-01-01)
    Shakhirul Mat Salleh
    ;
    Ain M.F.
    ;
    Ahmad Z.
    ;
    Abidin I.S.Z.
    ;
    Seng L.Y.
    ;
    Mohamed Nasrun Osman
    An engineered composite conductor is essential for developing a wearable antenna that is not only flexible but also stretchable. This paper presents the use of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as the substrate and custom polydimethylsiloxane-silver conductive paste for wearable applications. The antenna is designed with an air gap PDMS substrate between the patch and sawtooth partial ground at 3.5 GHz to enhance the bandwidth and gain. Furthermore, the proposed antenna is flexible and can be bent as well as stretched up to 20%, making it suitable for use on the human body. This study investigates the antenna's performance under bending and stretching to mimic the human body's structure and movements. Additionally, the specific absorption rate (SAR) of the wearable antenna was analyzed for safety purposes.
  • Publication
    Reconfigurable textile antenna for GPS and Wifi applications
    ( 2016)
    Shakhirul Mat Salleh
    The research work in this dissertation describe the reconfigurable frequency textile antenna for GPS and WiFi applications.The idea of reconfigurable frequency textile antenna helps to reduce the antenna size, cost, and gives more flexibility for wireless body area network (WBAN) application. Reconfigurable frequency antenna is useful in the rapid growth of the wireless communication system. The advantages of reconfigurable frequency antenna are to minimize interference with other wireless system and maximizing throughput. This dissertation proposed a reconfigurable frequency textile antenna (RFTA) with reconfigurable ability to switch from a single band frequency (GPS) into dual-band frequency (GPS and WiFi) and vice versa. RFTA is composed of a truncated edges rectangular patch in order to perform circular polarization and incorporated with the slot structure at the ground plane. Three PIN diode switches are integrated at the slotted to varying the total size of the slot. By controlling the state of the switches, such antenna is able to perform at different operating frequencies. Besides, the antenna is using slotted method at the ground plane are capable to maintain the performances of circular polarization pattern at GPS operating frequency. With a dimension of 113 x 99 mm2, it is compact enough to be integrated in clothing for WBAN applications. On the other hand, RFTA is analyzed in term of bending conduction since the wearable antenna will be attached at arm will easily bend due to human body structure. The simulation results further indicated that the RFTA under the bending degree of 20°, 30°, 40°, 50°, 60°, 70°, and 80° are good in most cases. Based on a preliminary assessment of specific absorption rate (SAR) results, this research confirms that RFTA is safe to the human being where the simulation SAR results are less than 1.6 W/kg and 2 W/kg for 1g and 10g mass of tissues correspondingly at based on International Commision on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) regulation. With all capabilities demonstrated and discussed, the RFTA antenna made of felt fabric and ShieldIt Super has big potential in realizing a new smart garment antenna.
  • Publication
    Feasibility study on RF energy harvesting in Malaysia
    ( 2017-01-01)
    Ismahayati Adam
    ;
    Mohd Najib Mohd Yasin
    ;
    Mohd Fareq Abd Malek
    ;
    Hasliza A Rahim @ Samsuddin
    ;
    Shakhirul Mat Salleh
    ;
    Mohammad Shahrazel Razalli
    Worlds are looking for a renewable energy to replace current energy sources. Solar and wind renewable energy has been deployed for some years as one renewable energy in a few countries in a large scale. For a small scale renewable energy, the development of electromagnetic energy harvesting has good potential as one of the sources of renewable energy since the electromagnetic energy is available all the time and everywhere, unlike other renewable energy (e.g., solar, wind, thermal and ocean wave). First step of feasibility of scavenging an RF energy is investigated through power density measurement in urban and semi-urban area. An average power of −13.33 dBm (UMTS band) measured in urban environment.