Browsing by Author "`Aini Syuhada Md Zain"
  • Publication
    Development of Highly Efficient Hybrid Kinetic-Solar Energy Harvesting System
    ( 2023-01-01)
    Liew Hui Fang
    ;
    Rosemizi Abd Rahim
    ;
    Muhammad Izuan Fahmi Romli
    ;
    Junita Mohd Nordin
    ;
    `Aini Syuhada Md Zain
    ;
    Mujahidin N.M.D.Z.
    The development of sustainable and efficient energy harvesting systems has become critical in meeting global energy demands. Hence, the goal is to combine the kinetic energy created via footsteps alongside solar energy to maximize energy conversion and develop a sustainable power source. The research entails designing and optimizing the hybrid system, while selecting appropriate materials, and implementing advanced power management techniques for effective energy utilization. Therefore, in order to improve the efficiency of energy harvesting via the system, further research on voltage input for solar panels and piezo buzzer efficiency arrangements on slabs were conducted. Whereby, the tile cells generate electricity when someone walks across it. However, this energy output needs to be regulated using a voltage multiplier and an alternating current into direct current (AC-DC) converter. To accomplish this, an experiment on the outcomes for output parameter with stand-alone photovoltaic (PV) harvesting system in 6 days, piezoelectric (PZ) harvesting system with students weighing 60kg and 70kg in 14 steps and a power hybrid harvesting system was carried out. Overall, the findings of this study indicate that the proposed method is functional and can be verified by the system, with an average output of 9.46 V and 126.6 mA produced. Also, this study demonstrates the significant potential of hybrid kinetic-solar energy harvesting system in improving energy sustainability and promoting self-sufficient power generation for a variety of applications, including remote sensing, wireless sensor networks, and internet of things (IoT) devices, through experimental evaluations and simulations.
      1
  • Publication
    Enhanced coordinated multipoint transmission based on parameter selection and scheduling technique for LTE-advanced network optimization
    ( 2019)
    `Aini Syuhada Md Zain
    The increase demand on Internet and data transmission leads to the evolution of high speed, high data rate of wireless mobile communication architecture which is categorized as fourth generation and beyond fourth generation technologies. The new architectures called Long Term Evolution and Long Term Evolution Advanced support for packet-switch traffic, offer great quality of service and user experience, as well as provide services on top of internet protocol. For efficient utilization of LTE characteristics, resource allocation is a significant parameter to ensure the users satisfy with the services granted by the network. Various resource allocation strategies can be adopted to increase the performance of the network. Scheduling is one of the process to allocate physical resources to the user equipment using an efficient scheduling algorithms. This research work investigates the performance of selected parameters to setup network for various application. This research work provides an optimization framework for downlink resource allocation in a single cell with multi-user system then extended for multi-cell system. The developed algorithm, which is known as Iterative Optimization Algorithm (IOpA) used orthogonal array-based optimization technique to enhance the parameter selections for network performance. The framework applied to the OMNeT-based simulator as the simulation tool. The performance criteria measured are based on throughput, delay and quality of experience for voice of IP (VoIP) traffic application. Various known scheduling algorithms are evaluated in the framework which are Maximum of Carrier to Interference (MaxCI) scheme, Discrete Round Robin (DRR) scheme and Proportional Fair (PF) scheme. The optimal design setting suggests the best combination on “Number of User”, scheduling scheme, bandwidth and user’s position required to set up the network. The consistency of performance are obtained by making scheduling schemes unaffected for the influence of the uncontrollable factors such as user mobility speed and data packet size. The highest value of throughput and mean opinion score index are obtained from MaxCI scheme and also provides the lowest value of frame delay and packet delay variation in the evaluated network scenario. Further evaluation on scheduling schemes is extended to multi-cells environment. A new mechanism on coordinated scheduling has been introduced for the multi-cells system. Coordinated scheduling algorithm has improved about 30.8% for average mean opinion score index of VoIP parameter, 88.9% for VoIP packet delay variation, 89.7% for VoIP frame delay and 26.8% for VoIP received throughput. Adopting the coordinated multipoint transmission, the coordinated scheduling algorithm is performing well as compared to MaxCI scheme, which is more reasonable in single-cell system.
  • Publication
    Indoor Navigation System for Vision Impairment People through Visible Light Communications
    ( 2020-03-20)
    Rithuan M.N.
    ;
    `Aini Syuhada Md Zain
    ;
    Norizan Mohamed Nawawi
    Indoor navigation is opportune for everyone, and it is particularly requisite for the visually impaired. The paper proposes an indoor navigation system for the Visually Impaired to attain audio output through visible light communications. The transmission of data occurs after identifying the person who has entered the room and the technology light fidelity is used for presenting information to the user. Light fidelity technology is used by the proposed system for the wider range of transmission of data. The usage of visible light for transmitting the data encompasses a wide variety of advantages and eliminates most problems of communication caused by the electromagnetic waves outside the visible spectrum. Light fidelity technology is an evolving branch of Optical Wireless Communication and can be beneficial in coming years for indoor communication because it can afford higher data rate transmission along with the capability to utilize additional users since it uses a broader spectrum bandwidth. The main idea of our project is to create internal navigation system by using Arduino software and Arduino hardware. The transmission of data can act as transceiver, where LED and solar cell are used as the medium to transmit and receive the data.
      1
  • Publication
    Modelling and Analysis of Piezoelectric Cantilever for Kinetic Ambient Energy Harvesting
    ( 2024-01-01)
    Izzati Kholid N.F.
    ;
    Junita Mohd Nordin
    ;
    Rosemizi Abd Rahim
    ;
    `Aini Syuhada Md Zain
    ;
    Liew Hui Fang
    ;
    Alif M.H.
    Wide bandwidth of vibration energy harvesters becomes one of most difficulties to their implementation but it is important to have cantilever beam that can tolerate wide variety of input frequency and able to harvest more kinetic energy. In this work, the piezoelectric material i.e. lead-zirconate-titanate (PZT), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and Aluminum Nitride (AlN) have been chosen to be analyzed. The piezoelectric cantilever beam structure, Unimorph type with dimension length of 40mm, 10mm width and thickness is 0.5mm has been proposed. The Finite Element Method (FEM) in ANSYS which consist of modal analysis, harmonic response analysis and statis structural analysis have been used to analyzed the characteristic of piezoelectric materials. Then, the full-bridge rectifier used to convert A-C to D-C sources using MATLAB Simulink and the experimental setup of the project was designed. The modal analysis result showed that PVDF material can applied greater maximum deformation than AlN and PZT material. The effect of dimension of cantilever beams of PVDF against natural frequency with different mode showed the natural frequency decrease when the dimensions of piezoelectric cantilever beam increase. On static structural analysis showed when the dimensions were increased, then the total deformation was decreased. Based on result of rectifying circuit for piezoelectric energy harvester using MATLAB Simulink, the positive and negative half cycle were conducted as theoretical studied. For the design verification, the experimental study showed the output voltage waveform is well regulated with minimum ripple.
      1
  • Publication
    Optimization of Beamforming Matrix Design for Multi-Cell MIMO with SWIPT Systems
    ( 2020-12-11)
    Wan Nur Suryani Firuz Wan Ariffin
    ;
    Nakhai M.R.
    ;
    Hasneeza Liza Zakaria
    ;
    Nur Baya Mohd Hashim
    ;
    `Aini Syuhada Md Zain
    Energy harvesting is emerging as a promising new solution to provide continuous energy supplies to wireless rechargeable devices. This paper investigates wireless information and energy transfer in multi-cell multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) systems. An optimisation problem that designs the beamforming matrix is introduced to maximise the sum of total harvested energy collected from all energy receiving terminals while guaranteeing the desired data rate for each information receiving terminal remains above a certain level. Total power constraint at each transmitting terminal that was generated from the renewable energy and purchased from the grid is also considered. The channel capacity that requires the use of slower and less reliable CVX's successive approximation heuristic is formulated, and then, the non-convex problem is transformed into a convex problem form modelled by a semidefinite relaxation (SDR). The results show the effectiveness of the multiple antennas used in all cells provide better performance and also maximise the total harvested energy at all energy receiving terminals.
      1
  • Publication
    Performance analysis of coordinated multi-point (CoMP) with energy trading and management in green cloud RAN
    ( 2024-02-08)
    Mohd Asri L.I.
    ;
    Wan Nur Suryani Firuz Wan Ariffin
    ;
    `Aini Syuhada Md Zain
    ;
    Nazatul Syima Saad
    Traditional cellular network architectures are facing considerable issues as a result of tremendous rise in high-power consumption, limited frequency accessibility, and wireless data traffic. Given that both research groups and industry are continually searching for fundamental breakthroughs in the creation of new network architectures that may fulfil expanding consumer demand while minimizing network operators' operating and capital expenses. In order to achieve these needs, many creative areas are being investigated for potential inclusion in new radio access networks, with Coordinated Multi-Point (CoMP) being one of the most researched alternatives. This study analyzes the CoMP technique and its performance in dealing with interference in cloud radio access networks (C-RAN) to address the issue. This study's analysis analyzed two distinct situations. Scenario 1 evaluates the effectiveness of CoMP C-RAN to traditional techniques, whereas scenario 2 assesses system performance as the number of users grows. The proposed network architecture is proven by numerical findings, which show that CoMP C-RAN outperforms the typical cellular network.
      1
  • Publication
    Review of Active Circuit and Passive Circuit Techniques to Improve the Performance of Highly Efficient Energy Harvesting Systems
    ( 2023-06-01)
    Liew Hui Fang
    ;
    Rosemizi Abd Rahim
    ;
    Muhammad Izuan Fahmi Romli
    ;
    Junita Mohd Nordin
    ;
    `Aini Syuhada Md Zain
    In piezoelectric energy harvesting systems, energy harvesting circuits are the interface between piezoelectric devices and electrical loads. The conventional view of this interface is based on the concept of impedance matching. In fact, in the power supply circuit can also apply as an electrical boundary conditions, such as voltage and charge, to piezoelectric devices for each energy conversion cycle. The major drawback of piezoelectric power harvesting have low-power relationships in systems within (in the range of μW to mW), then system also have significantly reduced any potential losses in circuits that make up the EH system, whereas other condition into careful selection of circuits and components can enhanced the energy harvesting performance and electricity consumption. In the study of energy harvesting systems, it is an energy harvesting system approach that using active and passive electronic circuit to control voltage and or charge on piezoelectric devices as proposed and review to mechanical inputs for optimized energy conversion. Several factors in the practical limitation of active and passive energy consumption, due to device limitations and the power efficiency of electronic circuits, will be introduced and have played an important role into to enhance optimum and increase efficiency of energy harvesting system.
      1
  • Publication
    SWIPT in Rician MIMO Interference Channels with Spatial Antenna Correlation
    ( 2020-12-11)
    Wan Nur Suryani Firuz Wan Ariffin
    ;
    Mohammad Reza Nakhai
    ;
    Hasneeza Liza Zakaria
    ;
    Nur Baya Mohd Hashim
    ;
    `Aini Syuhada Md Zain
    ;
    Hasliza A Rahim @ Samsuddin
    In this paper, we investigate simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) under spatial correlation in multiuser multiple-input-multiple-output (MU-MIMO) fading channels where the line-of-sight (LOS) path between the transmitter and the receiver is present. While the energy receiving terminals are harvesting energy, the information receiving terminals are receiving their desired signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) under the total power constraint at the transmitting terminal of the proposed SWIPT system. We use the Kronecker model to study the impact of MIMO antenna correlation and the Rician K-factor as the main parameter to set up the different fading conditions. We use semi-definite programming (SDP) to formulate the proposed SWIPT system. Our numerical results confirm that the performance of the proposed design improves in the absence of LOS component, i.e., with a zero K-factor or pure Rayleigh fading channel, and deteriorates as the LOS channel component grows. We show that the total harvested energy monotonically decreases as the Rician K-factor increases.
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