Normah Kassim
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Preferred name
Normah Kassim
Official Name
Normah, Kassim
Alternative Name
Kassim, Normah
Main Affiliation
Researcher ID
FBZ-1500-2022

Research Output
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  • Publication
    Sustainable packaging design for molded expanded polystyrene cushion
    ( 2023)
    Normah Kassim
    ;
    Shayfull Zamree Abd. Rahim
    ;
    Wan Abd Rahman Assyahid Wan Ibrahim
    ;
    Norshah Afizi Shuaib
    ;
    Irfan Abd Rahim
    ;
    Norizah Abd Karim
    ;
    Andrei Victor Sandu
    ;
    Maria Pop
    ;
    Aurel Mihail Titu
    ;
    Katarzyna Błoch
    ;
    Marcin Nabiałek
    A molded expanded polystyrene (EPS) cushion is a flexible, closed-cell foam that can be molded to fit any packing application and is effective at absorbing shock. However, the packaging waste of EPS cushions causes pollution to landfills and the environment. Despite being known to cause pollution, this sustainable packaging actually has the potential to reduce this environmental pollution because of its reusability. Therefore, the objective of this study is to identify the accurate design parameter that can be emphasized in producing a sustainable design of EPS cushion packaging. An experimental method of drop testing and design simulation analysis was conducted. The effectiveness of the design parameters was also verified. Based on the results, there are four main elements that necessitate careful consideration: rib positioning, EPS cushion thickness, package layout, and packing size. These parameter findings make a significant contribution to sustainable design, where these elements were integrated directly to reduce and reuse packaging material. Thus, it has been concluded that 48 percent of the development cost of the cushion was decreased, 25 percent of mold modification time was significantly saved, and 27 percent of carbon dioxide (CO2) reduction was identified. The findings also aided in the development of productive packaging design, in which these design elements were beneficial to reduce environmental impact. These findings had a significant impact on the manufacturing industry in terms of the economics and time of the molded expanded polystyrene packaging development.