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Plant-based calcium silicate from rice husk ash: A green adsorbent for free fatty acid recovery from waste frying oil

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cris.author.scopus-author-id 58639347700
cris.author.scopus-author-id 56149784600
cris.author.scopus-author-id 15847992900
cris.author.scopus-author-id 7102085849
cris.author.scopus-author-id 54413018300
cris.author.scopus-author-id 26644516100
cris.author.scopus-author-id 57115278300
cris.author.scopus-author-id 35073437700
cris.virtual.department Universiti Malaysia Perlis
cris.virtualsource.department dad146fa-f53a-4e60-bf4b-cc0e0896cd72
dc.contributor.author Zainor Syahira Zainal
dc.contributor.author Pengyong Hoo
dc.contributor.author Abdul Latif Ahmad
dc.contributor.author Ahmad Zuhairi Abdullah
dc.contributor.author Qihwa Ng
dc.contributor.author Siewhoong Shuit
dc.contributor.author Siti Kartini Enche Ab Rahim
dc.contributor.author Andas J.
dc.date.accessioned 2024-10-03T04:58:40Z
dc.date.available 2024-10-03T04:58:40Z
dc.date.issued 2024-02-29
dc.description.abstract Driven by the urgent need for a solution to tackle the surge of rice husk (RH) and waste frying oil (WFO) waste accumulation at a global scale, this report highlights the use of calcium silicates (CS) extracted from acid-pre-treated rice husk ash (RHA) for free fatty acid (FFA) removal from WFO as conventional RHA shows limited FFA adsorption performance. A novel alkaline earth silicate extraction method from acid-pre-treated RHA was outlined. The structural and behavioural attributes of the synthesised CS were identified through BET, SEM-EDS, and XRD analyses and compared to those of RHA. Notable morphology and structural modification were determined, including reducing specific surface areas, mitigating from amorphous to crystalline structure with regular geometric forms, and detecting Si–O–Ca functional groups exclusive to CS adsorbents. A comparison study showed superior lauric acid (LA) adsorption performance by CS absorbents over acid-pre-treated RHA, with a significant increase from 0.0831 ± 0.0004 mmol LA/g to 2.5808 ± 0.0011 mmol LA/g after 60 min. Recognised as the best-performing CS adsorbent, CS-1.0 was used for further investigations on the effect of dosage, LA concentration, and temperature for efficient LA adsorption, with up to 100% LA removal and 5.6712 ± 0.0016 mmol LA/g adsorption capacity. The adsorption isotherm and kinetic studies showed LA adsorption onto CS-1.0 followed Freundlich isotherm with KF = 0.0598 mmol(1-1/n) L(1/n) g−1 & Qe,cal = 3.1696 mmol g−1 and intraparticle diffusion model with kid = 0.1250 mmol g−1 min0.5 & Ci = 0.9625 mmol g−1, indicating rapid initial adsorption and involvement of carboxylate end of LA and the calcium ions on the CS-1.0 in the rate-limiting step. The high equilibrium adsorption capacity and LA adsorption rate indicated that the proposed CS-1.0 adsorbent has excellent potential to recover FFA from WFO effectively.
dc.identifier.doi 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26591
dc.identifier.scopus 2-s2.0-85185588938
dc.identifier.uri https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14170/8698
dc.language.iso en
dc.relation.funding Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia
dc.relation.grantno undefined
dc.relation.ispartof Heliyon
dc.relation.ispartofseries Heliyon
dc.relation.issn 24058440
dc.rights open access
dc.subject Adsorption | Calcium silicate | Environmental remediation | Free fatty acids | Rice husk | Waste frying oil
dc.title Plant-based calcium silicate from rice husk ash: A green adsorbent for free fatty acid recovery from waste frying oil
dc.type Journal
dspace.entity.type Publication
oaire.citation.issue 4
oaire.citation.volume 10
oairecerif.affiliation.orgunit Universiti Malaysia Perlis
oairecerif.affiliation.orgunit Universiti Malaysia Perlis
oairecerif.affiliation.orgunit USM Engineering Campus
oairecerif.affiliation.orgunit USM Engineering Campus
oairecerif.affiliation.orgunit Universiti Malaysia Perlis
oairecerif.affiliation.orgunit Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman
oairecerif.affiliation.orgunit Universiti Malaysia Perlis
oairecerif.affiliation.orgunit Universiti Teknologi MARA
oairecerif.author.affiliation Universiti Malaysia Perlis
oairecerif.author.affiliation #PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#
oairecerif.author.affiliation Universiti Sains Malaysia
oairecerif.author.affiliation Universiti Sains Malaysia
oairecerif.author.affiliation #PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#
oairecerif.author.affiliation #PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#
oairecerif.author.affiliation Universiti Malaysia Perlis
oairecerif.author.affiliation #PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#
oairecerif.citation.number e26591
person.identifier.orcid 0009-0003-5055-1855
person.identifier.orcid 0000-0001-8923-6295
person.identifier.orcid 0000-0003-1612-3032
person.identifier.orcid #PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#
person.identifier.orcid #PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#
person.identifier.orcid #PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#
person.identifier.orcid #PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#
person.identifier.orcid #PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#
person.identifier.scopus-author-id 58639347700
person.identifier.scopus-author-id 56149784600
person.identifier.scopus-author-id 15847992900
person.identifier.scopus-author-id 7102085849
person.identifier.scopus-author-id 54413018300
person.identifier.scopus-author-id 26644516100
person.identifier.scopus-author-id 57115278300
person.identifier.scopus-author-id 35073437700
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