Application of said-ball curve with continuity in Jawi design

Ball basis was introduced for cubic polynomials by Ball, then the generalized for polynomials of higher odd degree by Said. Curve fitting is one of the main problems in reverse engineering. An Arabic font is difficult to fit as it is cursive in character, having varying curves and cusps. In this dissertation, a rarely used type of curve called odd degree Said-Ball Curve has been designed to capture Arabic fonts. The process to design those characters includes the following steps: Choose image of character, print the image of a character, detections of boundary, corner points and segmentation, apply suitable continuity and then fitting the optimal curve segment. As a method of reverse engineering, the Arabic character is created by fitting the curve segments to the control polygon of the character’s image. Segmentation process involves the degree elevation and reduction for Said-Ball Curve based on the number of control points selected for every segment. The control polygon and the segment are adjusted to get the curve look like the image to ensure that odd degree Said-Ball Curve is reliable in designing Jawi based on visual comparison. The finding of this dissertation is curve fitting of Jawi character by odd degree Said-Ball Curve. This technique can be extended to visualizing any other image as long as the design process is needed in various other applications.