Precision agriculture, often known as smart farming, employs cutting-edge technology to change farming processes. This paper covers smart farming's history, important advancements, and possible impacts on agriculture. The essay begins with the history of "smart farming," or precision agriculture, and how GPS technology improved fertilization, pest control, and irrigation. Since then, automation and sensor technology have enabled continuous crop vitality, moisture, and environmental monitoring, enabling empirical decision-making. Networking technologies, especially the Internet of Things, have transformed smart farming. Farmers may gather, analyze, and apply real-time data using connected drones, satellite images, and farm management software. Big data analytics and AI allow farmers to leverage enormous datasets for crop health monitoring, production forecasts, and resource management. Smart farming improves accuracy and sustainability. By using resources efficiently, farmers may reduce their environmental impact. Due to remote monitoring and control, farmers can adapt to changing conditions and manage their operations from anywhere. Smart farming has numerous benefits, but various barriers limit its broad implementation. Due to expensive startup costs, specialized training, and limited Internet connection, some farmers are unwilling to use these technologies. Governments, NGOs, and industry actors must collaborate to provide financing, training, and improved connections to address these difficulties. This review and study of smart farming's growth highlights its revolutionary potential in agriculture. Smart farming may enhance output, optimize input returns, and ensure long-term viability, making it an exciting new route for agriculture.
