Review on current issues related to work related musculoskeletal disorders

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) are one of the most common occupational ailments in recent decades, significantly limiting people's daily lives. Globally, WMSDs are the major cause of employee pain, impairment, absenteeism, reduced productivity, and large financial costs. WRMSDs are illnesses that develop over time because of long-term occupational exposure to varying-intensity loads. WRMSDs are produced by discomfort or injury to the muscles and bones of the upper limbs because of activity. Low-extremity illnesses, like upper-limb diseases, may be just as dangerous, There is a high prevalence of neck and upper extremity problems among computer users. Upper extremities diseases were more common in older personnel. The physiological outcome of prolonged, repetitive, or repeating muscle contractions with insufficient recovery is localised muscular fatigue (WMSDs). Muscle tiredness has a substantial impact on occupational task performance, hence preventing it is crucial. The key challenge in ergonomics is to create work that avoids WMSDs while retaining high levels of output quality and productivity. Uncomfortable postures are commonly recognised as a major contributor of MSD among construction workers. Because of their linearity, ergonomic metrics can be incorporated into assembly line design models. They can also be utilised to take use of efficient solution methods established for optimal line design which are beneficial in the assembly line industry. Real-time risk assessment for work-related musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) has proven to be challenging to research. Working at a fast speed and performing repetitive activities, as well as maintaining non-neutral body postures, are all physical risk factors for WMSDs. This review discuses common issue related to WMSDs which includes upper extremity, upper limbs, carpal tunnel syndrome, awkward postures, muscle activity, muscle fatigue, assembly line and risk assessment. The aim is to provide an overview of the problems related to the subject matter.