Analysis on network performance by considering doppler shift effect for connected car wireless mobile communication

Connected car technology ought to be a keystone of revolutionizing the automotive area. The concept of a so-called connected car has recently emerged as one of the distinctive designs of new-generation automobiles, with the ability to provide drivers with a new dimension if services through wireless communication. The performance of the car's engine can now be monitored from basic information like location and security. Connected cars consist of some important components, namely the vehicle itself, communication link and application layer. This research focuses on communication component, where the environmental effects such as doppler shift and area density are analyzed. A few problems have been identified including the doppler shift effect which will cause a communication delay, high speed movement which will cause the vehicle to frequently change cellular areas, consequently causing delays during handover process. The majority of high-speed transportation uses a private network of its own for monitoring purposes. This study conducted an experiment on a network for 2G, 3G, and LoRA communication modules by using SIM900, SIM800L and SIM5360E in order to study the impact of doppler shift on path loss. The experiment demonstrated that there is a doppler shift effect, and that the effect increases noticeably as one moves from a rural to an urban environment. The experiment on handover delay is run in this study on each communication delay as well. Analysis of the data from that experiment shows that the doppler shift effect has a negative impact on handover delay. The study concludes that SIM5360E, a communication module with a 3G network, is the best communication module with 10% to 20% better performance in each analysis and that Fast Base Station Switching (FBSS) is the best handover technique based on all of those findings with 12% better result.