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Effect of the sintering mechanism on the crystallization kinetics of geopolymer-based ceramics

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cris.virtual.department Universiti Malaysia Perlis
cris.virtual.department Universiti Malaysia Perlis
cris.virtual.department Universiti Malaysia Perlis
cris.virtualsource.department 60d319ae-06bc-4f49-9a55-4ceaee652e88
cris.virtualsource.department 1fb76e68-0c75-4529-ac9f-cf51941493f8
cris.virtualsource.department 4074da56-9390-4713-86bc-8530e7c101d2
dc.contributor.author Nur Bahijah Mustapa
dc.contributor.author Romisuhani Ahmad
dc.contributor.author Andrei Victor Sandu
dc.contributor.author Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
dc.contributor.author Ovidiu Nemes
dc.contributor.author Wan Mastura Wan Ibrahim
dc.contributor.author Petrica Vizureanu
dc.contributor.author Christina Wahyu Kartikowati
dc.contributor.author Puput Risdanareni
dc.date.accessioned 2025-08-26T04:45:21Z
dc.date.available 2025-08-26T04:45:21Z
dc.date.issued 2023
dc.description.abstract This research aims to study the effects of the sintering mechanism on the crystallization kinetics when the geopolymer is sintered at different temperatures: 200 °C, 400 °C, 600 °C, 800 °C, 1000 °C, and 1200 °C for a 3 h soaking time with a heating rate of 5 °C/min. The geopolymer is made up of kaolin and sodium silicate as the precursor and an alkali activator, respectively. Characterization of the nepheline produced was carried out using XRF to observe the chemical composition of the geopolymer ceramics. The microstructures and the phase characterization were determined by using SEM and XRD, respectively. The SEM micrograph showed the microstructural development of the geopolymer ceramics as well as identifying reacted/unreacted regions, porosity, and cracks. The maximum flexural strength of 78.92 MPa was achieved by geopolymer sintered at 1200 °C while the minimum was at 200 °C; 7.18 MPa. The result indicates that the flexural strength increased alongside the increment in the sintering temperature of the geopolymer ceramics. This result is supported by the data from the SEM micrograph, where at the temperature of 1000 °C, the matrix structure of geopolymer-based ceramics starts to become dense with the appearance of pores.
dc.identifier.doi 10.3390/ma16175853
dc.identifier.uri https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/17/5853
dc.identifier.uri https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14170/14428
dc.language.iso en
dc.publisher MDPI
dc.relation.ispartof Materials
dc.relation.issn 1996-1944
dc.subject Geopolymer
dc.subject Geopolymer-based ceramics
dc.subject Ceramics
dc.subject Sintering mechanism
dc.subject Crystallization kinetics
dc.title Effect of the sintering mechanism on the crystallization kinetics of geopolymer-based ceramics
dc.type journal-article
dspace.entity.type Publication
oaire.citation.endPage 13
oaire.citation.issue 17
oaire.citation.startPage 1
oaire.citation.volume 16
oairecerif.author.affiliation Universiti Malaysia Perlis
oairecerif.author.affiliation Universiti Malaysia Perlis
oairecerif.author.affiliation Universitatea Tehnica Gh. Asachi din IasI
oairecerif.author.affiliation Universiti Malaysia Perlis
oairecerif.author.affiliation Universitatea Tehnica din Cluj-Napoca
oairecerif.author.affiliation Universiti Malaysia Perlis
oairecerif.author.affiliation Universitatea Tehnica Gh. Asachi din IasI
oairecerif.author.affiliation Brawijaya University
oairecerif.author.affiliation Universitas Negeri Malang
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