Review on performance of lithium titanate and its impurities dopant as a lithium-ion battery anode
2024-03,
Eva Nurhaliza,
Muhammad Asri Idris,
Norsuria Mahmed,
M. Komiyama,
Nur Farhana Diyana Mohd Yunos,
Suhaimi Illias
Li-ion batteries are the main source of energy for electronic devices such as cameras, calculators, mobile phones, laptops, and electric vehicles. Among the materials being considered, lithium titanate (𝐿𝑖4𝑇𝑖5𝑂12) has become a promising anode material due to its high stability and safety, as well as enabling high operability without sacrificing lifetime. However, in order to further improve performance and customise properties for specific applications, impurity dopants have been investigated as a means of modifying 𝐿𝑖4𝑇𝑖5𝑂12 performance. This paper examines 𝐿𝑖4𝑇𝑖5𝑂12 and its impurities as anode materials. Starting with a basic understanding of the crystal structure and characteristics of 𝐿𝑖4𝑇𝑖5𝑂12, its properties and applications. Besides, this study explores the effects of different dopants on the 𝐿𝑖4𝑇𝑖5𝑂12 on battery parameters. Based on various research studies and recent developments, the review summarises the current knowledge about 𝐿𝑖4𝑇𝑖5𝑂12 and impurity dopants. Each dopant's different effects on the lattice structure highlight its importance for further development. As a result, it may lead to future research of 𝐿𝑖4𝑇𝑖5𝑂12 anodes for large-scale energy storage technology.