Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
  • Publication
    Compact 2-Way Power Divider for IoT Application
    ( 2021-03-01)
    Khuzairi Masrakin
    ;
    Muhammad Ikram Zulkepli
    ;
    ; ;
    Dewani A.A.
    ;
    The utilization of power dividers covers a vast range of applications such as the Internet of Things (IoT). For this purpose, the need for having a robust and ergonomic electronic device is crucial. Bulky size could barely integrate onto the human body due to its weight that could be very difficult to implement. Hence, this paper presents the design of a compact power divider for IoT applications. It was designed on a substrate Rogers 4350B, ϵr=3.48, tan δ= 0.0037 and h=0.17mm. The design was meant to be operated at 2.4GHz frequency with the output of equally 3dB power division on the output port. Wilkinson design was implemented to perform the design of power divider which will be simulated using Computer Simulation Technology (CST) microwave studio simulation tools. Parameter sweep was done to its width of transmission line at 0.21mm and 0.31mm to optimize the performance of the design. The simulated result was then compared against measured results in which S-parameter was evaluated in terms of input return loss, isolation and power division. Simulated and measured results showed that 0.21mm width of the transmission line performs better as compared to 0.31mm width of the transmission line.
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  • Publication
    Parametric analysis on the effect of open circuit stub resonator towards the performance of ultra-wideband stepped impedance low pass filter
    This paper presents the parametric studies on the effect of open circuit stub resonator (OCSR) towards the performance of Chebyshev Ultra-Wideband Stepped Impedance Low Pass Filter (SILPF). The SILPF is realized by loading OCSR to the high impedance line of the main design in order to overcome the drawback of conventional SILPF. The filter can produce sharp transition band and also wide stopband bandwidth. The design of SILPF is based on 5th order Chebyshev with 0.1 dB ripple. The filter is designed to operate at cut-off frequency 7.30 GHz. By investigating the effect of varying dimension of OSCR’s selected parameters, this paper is able to highlight the susceptibility of modifying cut-off frequency, fc and also transmission zeroes frequency, fz in order to be used for different applications. Thus, the combination of SILPF and OCSR and also rectangular patch combined feed-line structure exhibits wide rejection bandwidth better than −20 dB from 8.20 GHz up to 23.38 GHz. The filter design is simulated on Roger 4003 with relative dielectric constant, εr of 3.38 and also the substrate thickness, h of 0.508. This proposed simulated filter design has shown promising result and could be further analyzed for experimental works and fabrication. Therefore, the filter is beneficial for communication and radar systems particularly to avoid the interference and harmonic as well as the spurious response signals.
  • Publication
    Dielectric Properties Characterization of Material under Test using Microstrip Ring Resonator
    ( 2021-03-01)
    Khuzairi Masrakin
    ;
    Sofea Abdul Malek
    ;
    ; ;
    Dewani A.A.
    The Resonator is one of the techniques widely used to determine the dielectric properties of a material. It is due to the accuracy of the resonator technique as compared to the other methods such as open wave guide sensor, transmission method, and coaxial probe. The accuracy plays an important role in any measurement devices as this is one of the features to show that the device is competent enough to perform a specific task. So, as to cope with accuracy issues, two microstrip ring resonators were designed and prototyped to detect the dielectric properties of Material Under Test (MUT) in this study. Both utilize Rogers Duroid 4003C as the substrate for the dielectric sensor and is meant to resonate at 4 and 5 GHz in which the substrate possesses 3.38 dielectric properties and 0.0027 loss tangent. Several features in designing the resonator such as the coupling gap, d, and radius of the ring, R were taken into consideration. Those parameters were verified and validated through software simulation and measurement using Vector Network Analyzer (VNA) to achieve the expected sensor prototype to operate in the real environment. The measurement was made to test two known dielectric properties of MUT to demonstrate the sensitivity of the sensors. The outcome from the measurement was evaluated in terms of S-21 parameter. The dielectric measurement leads to a change in frequency response against different MUT. The measurement was extended to study the performance of the resonator through the R and d of the resonator in which these parametric studies were made by varying the R and d of the resonator with the presence and the absence of MUT. The outcomes from the measurement suggest the best R and d for the resonator in terms of dielectric permittivity.
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  • Publication
    Microstrip Sensor Based on Ring Resonator Coupled with Double Square Split Ring Resonator for Solid Material Permittivity Characterization
    ( 2023-04-01)
    Masrakin K.
    ;
    ; ; ;
    Soh P.J.
    ;
    Tantiviwat S.
    This paper analyzes a microwave resonator sensor based on a square split-ring resonator operating at 5.122 GHz for permittivity characterization of a material under test (MUT). A single-ring square resonator edge (S-SRR) is coupled with several double-split square ring resonators to form the structure (D-SRR). The function of the S-SRR is to generate a resonant at the center frequency, whereas D-SRRs function as sensors, with their resonant frequency being very sensitive to changes in the MUT’s permittivity. In a traditional S-SRR, a gap emerges between the ring and the feed line to improve the Q-factor, but the loss increases as a result of the mismatched coupling of the feed lines. To provide adequate matching, the microstrip feed line is directly connected to the single-ring resonator in this article. The S-SRR’s operation switches from passband to stopband by generating edge coupling with dual D-SRRs located vertically on both sides of the S-SRR. The proposed sensor was designed, fabricated, and tested to effectively identify the dielectric properties of three MUTs (Taconic-TLY5, Rogers 4003C, and FR4) by measuring the microwave sensor’s resonant frequency. When the MUT is applied to the structure, the measured findings indicate a change in resonance frequency. The primary constraint of the sensor is that it can only be modeled for materials with a permittivity ranging from 1.0 to 5.0. The proposed sensors’ acceptable performance was achieved through simulation and measurement in this paper. Although the simulated and measured resonance frequencies have shifted, mathematical models have been developed to minimize the difference and obtain greater accuracy with a sensitivity of 3.27. Hence, resonance sensors offer a mechanism for characterizing the dielectric characteristics of varied permittivity of solid materials.
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  • Publication
    The Analysis of Reflectometer Configurations Based on Six-Port Technique
    ( 2023-10-06)
    Masrakin K.
    ;
    ; ;
    Dewani A.A.
    This paper presents the analysis of reflectometer (SPR) performance employing three different six-port configurations constructed and simulated in Agilent Advanced Design Software (ADS). The complex reflection coefficients given by three configurations of six-port reflectometer are determined by mathematical expression of the six-port scattering parameters. To verify the accuracy of the simulated reflection coefficient value, all the six-port configurations are formed by interconnection between 3dB power dividers and 3dB couplers which are readily available in ADS software. The performance of reflectometer is also validated by connecting 50 ohm Match Load, Short and Open Termination as Device Under Test (DUT). The value of the simulated reflection coefficient for all configurations shows closer to the theoretical value however, further calibration algorithm can be applied in the future for better accuracy.
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