Siti Nazrah Zailani
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Preferred name
Siti Nazrah Zailani
Official Name
Siti Nazrah, Zailani
Alternative Name
Zailani, S. N.
Zailani, N. S.
Main Affiliation
Scopus Author ID
37068168000
Researcher ID
FZZ-7095-2022

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Utilization of Spent Mushroom Compost in Grey Oyster Mushroom Cultivation

2023-01-01 , Zakaria Z. , Seng T.T.C. , Siti Nazrah Zailani , Zabidi K.A.A. , Salim S.K.

Utilization of spent mushroom substrates (SMS) in mushroom cultivation is considered useful to overcome the short supply of wood sawdust and environmental pollution. Composted form of SMS is found to have improved in their carbon and nitrogen content that is needed in mushroom cultivation. This study is aimed to investigate the effect of supplementing spent mushroom compost (SMC) in the mushroom cultivation substrate. Five formulations for the mushroom substrates were prepared by mixing both the SMC and rubber sawdust in the ratios of 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 2:1, and 3:1 by dry weight, respectively. The commercial sawdust substrate bags were used as a control. The comparisons were evaluated based on the growth rate of the mycelium and also the time is taken by the spawn to fully colonize the substrate bags. The results showed that the amount of SMC between 25 and 50% was suitable for the cultivation of grey oyster mushrooms. The average growth rate of mycelium from both the ratios of 1:2 and 1:3 at 0.8184 and 0.8281 cm day−1 respectively, did not show any significant difference (P > 0.05) over the control at 0.8246 cm day−1. This was followed by the ratio of 1:1 at 0.7375 cm day−1. The slowest growth rate was obtained from both the ratios of 2:1 and 3:1 with 0.5783 and 0.5414 cm day−1 respectively. The highest mushroom weight was obtained from rubber sawdust substrate (210.77 g) and closely followed by 25% (198.74 g) to 33.3% (188.44 g) SMC. This study proved that SMC can be used as an alternative substrate to replace the current rubber sawdust used in mushroom cultivation as it did not significantly affect the growth rate of the mycelium.

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Aerobic Co-composting of Spent Mushroom Medium Using Food Waste Fermented Liquid

2024-01-01 , Siti Nazrah Zailani , Zaidnuddin A.S. , Mokhtar N.F. , Zulaika E. , Shovitri M. , Kuswytasari N.D. , Hidayati D. , Zabidi K.A.A.

Spent mushroom medium and dried sludge from bioethanol industry can be utilized into beneficial organic compost after completion the composting process. Food waste fermented liquid and commercially effective microorganisms (EM) from EMRO Sdn. Bhd. were used as the microbial inoculant for the aerobic composting. Three kg of composting pile made of spent mushroom and dried sludge are used to obtain a 23.07 C/N ratio at the initial composting process. In order to ascertain the impact of composting process in seven days, the sample from each of the composting beds for analysis of temperature, pH, moisture, and total organic matter was assessed. Food waste fermented liquid and commercial EM composts reached the thermophilic phase (40 Â°C) after a day of the composting process. Moisture content showed a significant result for both composting piles on day 1 due to the highest evaporation of water at the thermophilic phase. The composting process was not extended until reached stability and maturity phases; thus, the pH for both composting piles was recorded at 9, which is far from the stable compost normally at neutral pH (~7). The organic matter content of each composting pile showed gradually decreased during the composting process. The degradation rate for the composting pile using food waste fermented liquid showed slightly higher than commercial EM which was 0.0363 and 0.0232 day 1, respectively. In conclusion, food waste fermented liquid shall be used as a replacement for EM commercial as a microbial inoculant for the composting process based on the results shown in this study.

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Spent Mushroom Medium Compost as a Soil Conditioner for the Initial Stage of Paddy Growth

2023-01-01 , Siti Nazrah Zailani , Ong J.J. , Zarina Zakaria , Zabidi K.A.A.

Spent mushroom medium (SMM) is one of the agricultural wastes that produce daily from the cultivation of mushroom and is usually disposed by burning or landfilling, which is a waste of biological resources. The composted SMM has the potential physico-chemical properties that can be utilized as organic soil conditioner to improve soil fertility in paddy field. Conventionally, paddy field is usually fertilized by granular urea (GU) as nitrogen (N) fertilizer. The excessive use of GU had caused several environmental problems such as soil acidification and ammonia (NH3) volatilization. To evaluate the feasibility of organic SMM compost used as soil conditioner in paddy field, analysis was carried out to measure the physico-chemical properties. Pot experiment has been conducted, and the paddy growth was evaluated after 21 days of plantation. The soil sample was applied with GU and SMM compost with the same N fertilizer rate. Soil properties were measured before and after treated with soil conditioner. The paddy growth was evaluated with plant height and root:shoot (R/S) ratio. From the result obtained, SMM compost improved both physical and chemical properties of paddy soil, significantly increased WHC and soil porosity that help reduce nitrate (NO3−) leaching and reduce NH3 volatilization. As a whole, the application of SMM compost was successfully improved the soil fertility and had the potential to replace GU as the soil conditioner, but further improvement in the management practices should be performed to achieve better plant growth.

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