Md Nabil Ab Adzim Saifuddin
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Md Nabil Ab Adzim Saifuddin
Official Name
Md Nabil, Ab Adzim Saifuddin
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Saifuddin, Md Nabil Ab Adzim
Saifuddin, M. N.A.A.
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Scopus Author ID
57209540454
Researcher ID
GQY-7478-2022

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Effect of molasses-based wastewater irrigation on the rice yield and heavy metals uptake by Oryza sativa: a field study

2023 , Nuratikah Ghazali , Ku Syahidah Ku Ismail , Roslaili Abd Aziz , Nyvee Inthano , Ahmad Radi Wan Yaakub , Md Nabil Ab Adzim Saifuddin , Ng Hock Hoo , Ayob Katimon

The molasses-based effluent discharge contains significant amount of nutrients (e.g. Fe, Mg, K), which has potential use as an organic fertilizer to fit into the waste-to-wealth plan. Apart from that, the presence of toxic heavy metals content should not be underestimated as it could somehow end up in the rice grains and into the food chains. Thus, in this present work, the concentrations of Al, Cr, Cu and Ni in paddy crops from three different plots irrigated with the molasses-based effluent from an ethanol distillery; Control Plot, Plot 1 (repeatedly irrigated) and Plot 2 (irrigated for the first time) were investigated. All the heavy metals were found to be within the limits indicated by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) for the reuse of wastewater for cultivation, Standard B in the Fifth Schedule, Environmental Quality (Industrial Effluent) Regulations 2009, and the Malaysia Ground Water Quality Standard (MGWQS) for Agricultural 2019 by the Department of Environment Malaysia. The results postulated that the rice yield in Plot 2 was higher compared to the other plots. The study also revealed that the concentrations of the heavy metals in the paddy plants decreased when mobilized from the roots to the rice grains for all sampling plots (p < 0.05). The bioconcentration factor (BCF) for Cu and Ni showed the highest values of 2.01 and 4.89, respectively in Plot 1. As the heavy metals concentration in wastewater were within the allowed limit, metals present in the paddy plant parts could be mobilized from the metals readily present in the soil. These results indicated that the molasses-based distillery’s effluent could be a source of plant nutrients as the rice yields improved and have potential to be used for paddy irrigation, as long as it is contained from leaching into water reservoirs.xc

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Soil risk assessment on the usage of molasses-based distillery effluent for paddy irrigation: heavy metals content

2023 , Nuratikah Ghazali , Ku Syahidah Ku Ismail , Roslaili Abd Aziz , Ahmad Radi Wan Yaakub , Md Nabil Ab Adzim Saifuddin , Nyvee Inthano , Ng Hock Hoo , Ayob Katimon

Heavy metal contamination in the soil is becoming a serious issue for food safety and human health. This study aims to quantify the concentration of cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), and lead (Pb) in paddy soil before and after irrigation with molasses-based distillery effluent in Perlis, Malaysia. Samples of effluent together with soil samples from two sampling plots were collected and analyzed using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). It was found that the heavy metals in the effluent used for irrigation did not exceed the standard limit given by the Department of Environment (DOE) of Malaysia and the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) Standards for irrigation. Cr concentration was 0.01 mg/L, while Cd and Pb were not detected. The concentrations of heavy metals for the selected elements in paddy soil were also below the critical soil concentration enforced by the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation for normal soil. The heavy metal concentration’s contamination level was assessed by using the geoaccumulation index (Igeo) and the obtained data showed that all the selected elements can be classified as class 0 (uncontaminated). The results also showed that the Igeo before paddy planting was already high, and it might be due to anthropogenic activities. Pollution Load Index (PLI) values of all the soil samples were uncontaminated as the result showed PLI < 1. The study’s findings support the assertion that the soil samples were not significantly contaminated with the studied heavy metals before and after irrigation with molasses-based distillery effluent.

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