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Multiple DG planning considering distribution loss and penetration level using EMEFA-ANN method

2017-07-01 , Siti Rafidah Abdul Rahim , Musirin I. , Othman M. , Muhamad Hatta Hussain

This paper presents the implementation of multiple distributed generations planning in distribution system using computational intelligence technique. A pre-developed computational intelligence optimization technique named as Embedded Meta EP-Firefly Algorithm (EMEFA) was utilized to determine distribution loss and penetration level for the purpose of distributed generation (DG) installation. In this study, the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) was used in order to solve the complexity of the multiple DG concepts. EMEFA-ANN was developed to optimize the weight of the ANN to minimize the mean squared error. The proposed method was validated on IEEE 69 Bus distribution system with several load variations scenario. The case study was conducted based on the multiple unit of DG in distribution system by considering the DGs are modeled as type I which is capable of injecting real power. Results obtained from the study could be utilized by the utility and energy commission for loss reduction scheme in distribution system.

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Protection Relay Setting based on Overcurrent Phenomena in Commercial Building

2024-03-01 , Isyraq Faizzi Mohammad , Mohamad Nur Khairul Hafizi Rohani , Afifah Shuhada Rosmi , Baharuddin Ismail , Muhamad Hatta Hussain , Abdullahi Abubakar Mas’ud , Firdaus Muhammad-Sukki

Nowadays, every single distribution system needs to install an appropriate relay to keep the system safe. The operational and commonly recommended relay for distribution systems is the overcurrent (OC) relay. Throughout the distribution system, the protective relay is one of the methods that can detect and protect the location according to its observation from any fault from abnormal activity. Note that time coordination between the protective equipment relay needs to be a minimum of time interruption to prevent faults occurs. The ideal setting for all coordination protection relays is necessary to protect the device against electrical failure and interference. This paper analyzes the real results data collected for the selected commercial building of an OC relay implemented in a distribution board for high voltage and low voltage downward at a commercial building. All the parameters need to be clarified first before testing has been made and measurement is carried out using the MICROTEST 860 set. Based on the analysis, it proves that according to the IEC Standard of 0.10-time multiplier Setting (TMS) is practical to be used to obtain the operation time in seconds for the current curve set. Other than that, the results show that the normal inverse curve from manual calculation results is more accurate compared to the service setting (SS) made based on the incoming setting in a real commercial building. The case study for OC relay setting is related between current injection and time-tripping, which complies with the IEC 60255-3 standard using its formula. This method was applied to determine the characteristics of the curve. Hence, this research successfully determined the proper methods for the OC relay setting for the power distribution system. Besides, the feasibility and efficiency of OC relay data transmission are tested and checked successfully to implement the measurement method in the relay coordination study.

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Optimal distributed generation for loss minimization using Sand Cat Swarm Optimization

2024-04-15 , Adnan A.A.S.M. , Muhamad Hatta Hussain , Siti Rafidah Abdul Rahim , Azralmukmin Azmi , Musirin I. , Radziyan J.A. , Mohamad Nur Khairul Hafizi Rohani , Nurul Huda H.

Integration of Distributed Generation (DG) into the transmission system is the current paradigm for creating unique transmission grids. Grid line loss and voltage quality may suffer from unreasonably configured DG. The aim of this paper is to rationally allocate distributed generators (DGs) in the transmission network to reduce power losses and guarantee a safe and reliable power supply to the loads. The works suggests an optimal distributed generation using Sand Cat Swarm Optimization (SCSO) for loss minimization to reduce power loss while enhancing voltage stability. The proposed algorithm was simulated and evaluated using the Matrices Laboratory (MATLAB) script programming language and has been implemented on IEEE 14-bus transmission system. The results exhibit that the SCSO method is able to determine the optimal DG size and reducing total losses by 40.77 percent for DG type 1 as compared with Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm, 38.98% at bus 10. It can be revealed that SCSO can be used by power system planners to choose the best sizing and location.