Mokhtar Mat Salleh
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Preferred name
Mokhtar Mat Salleh
Official Name
Mokhtar , Mat Salleh
Alternative Name
Mat Salleh, M.
Mat Salleh, Mokhtar
Main Affiliation
Scopus Author ID
57193352402
Researcher ID
FYU-8505-2022

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Superhydrophobic and Water Repellent of All-Cellulose Composite (ACC) treated with HDTMS/SiOâ‚‚

2024-04-19 , Nor S.S.M. , Mokhtar Mat Salleh

All-cellulose composite (ACC) consists of cellulose for both reinforced and matrix phases. ACC has good mechanical, thermal and optical properties due to the compatibility of fiber and matrix phases. However, ACC can change its physical structure and lose strength in the presence of moisture due to abundant hydroxyl group in the cellulose molecules that make ACC hydrophilic. In this present study, the ACC was fabricated by using solvent infusion processing (SIP) from rayon textile. The NaOH/urea was used as the solvent to partially dissolve the cellulose. Then, ACC was treated with hexadecyltrimethoxysilane (HDTMS)/silica (SiO2) to produce superhydrophobic surface of ACC. The FTIR spectra of HDTMS/SiO2 treated ACC showed the new peak appears at 2841 cm-1 and 800 cm-1 that attributed to -CH2 stretching and Si-O-CH3 vibrations, respectively. The surface morphology of HDTMS/SiO2 treated ACC was rougher compared to untreated ACC. Furthermore, the HDTMS/SiO2 treated ACC exhibited superhydrophobic with water contact angle beyond 157°.

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Surface modification of bio-based composites via silane treatment: a short review

2023-01-01 , Md Nor S.S. , Abdul Patah M.F. , Mokhtar Mat Salleh

Research in bio-based composites is rapidly rising in terms of fundamental experiments and industry applications. Natural fibres are one of the common bio-based materials used in composites. Natural fibres have many advantages, including low cost, biodegradable, good thermal conductivity, and may also be used as an alternative to synthetic polymer composites. However, the hydrophilic characteristic of natural fibres can lead to poor interfacial adhesion between natural fibres reinforced and matrix phases, which can affect the properties of bio-based composites. To overcome this problem, the surface modification of natural fibres is required to improve the hydrophobic properties of the composite. A few studies revealed that silane improved the hydrophobicity, tensile strength and thermal stability of bio-based composites. The highest water contact angle of the treated bio-based composite was reported at 135°. Meanwhile, the tensile strength of silane-treated bio-based composite can increase up to 40%. The onset decomposition temperature of silanes treated with bio-based composite is 20 (Formula presented.) higher compared to untreated bio-based composite. This article provides an insightful review of the surface treatment of bio-based composites via silane treatment on mechanical properties, thermal properties, water absorption, and water contact angle.

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Tailoring alkyl ketene dimer on structural-properties relationship of cellulose-based materials: a short review

2024-01-01 , Aziz F.A. , Mokhtar Mat Salleh

The development of cellulose-based materials is rapidly increasing due to their promising interest and being widely used in various applications such as food, industrial, pharmaceutical, paper, textile production, and wastewater treatment. Cellulose has several advantages including low cost, renewability, superior mechanical properties, and biodegradability. Nowadays, a novel cellulose-based material, which is known as all-cellulose composites (ACCs), has emerged, consisting of cellulose for both reinforcing and matrix phases. However, the hydrophilic characteristics of cellulose can lead to poor interfacial adhesion between reinforcing and matrix phases, affecting its mechanical properties, water absorption, water contact angle, and microstructural changes. Therefore, this review summarized the effect of alkyl ketene dimer (AKD) on the structural-properties relationship of cellulose-based materials. In this review, it was observed that the mechanical properties for cellulose-based materials varied with the use of AKD concentration in the range of 4–16 wt.%. A decrease in the water absorption was also identified in the range of 10–85%. The water contact angles were observed beyond 100° after AKD treatment. In addition, the possible reactions between AKD and cellulose structures are also discussed. It is envisaged that this review will help the development of potential hydrophobic ACCs in the future.

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Superhydrophobic All-Cellulose Composite via Hexadecyltrimethoxysilane and HDTMS/Silica

2024-01-01 , Samihah Salwa Md Nor , Mokhtar Mat Salleh

All-cellulose composite (ACC) is a novel single polymer composite (SPC) that consists of cellulose for both reinforcing fiber and matrix phases. ACC has good mechanical, thermal, and optical properties due to compatibility of reinforcing fiber and matrix phases. However, abundant hydroxyl (OH) groups in the cellulose structures resulted in higher hydrophilicity of ACC, thus limiting the potential use in outdoor applications. In this study, ACC was fabricated using solvent infusion processing (SIP) from rayon textile with sodium hydroxide (NaOH)/urea solution to partially dissolve the cellulose fibers, followed by regeneration and drying processes. Subsequently, ACC was treated using two different coating solutions: (i) hexadecyltrimethoxysilane (HDTMS) and (ii) HDTMS/SiO2 (silica). As a result, an efficient water repellency for HDTMS/SiO2-treated ACC was observed, showing a water contact angle of 159.3°, as compared to HDTMS-treated ACC with a water contact angle of 144.1°. However, a slightly higher water absorption of 52% was observed for HDTMS/SiO2-treated ACC, as compared to only 44% for HDTMS-treated ACC. Both treated ACCs showed smooth and homogeneous structures upon completion of the treatment.

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