Mohd Rafi Adzman
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Preferred name
Mohd Rafi Adzman
Official Name
Mohd Rafi , Adzman
Alternative Name
Adzman, M. R.
Adzman, Mohd Rafi Bin
Adzman, Mohd Rafi
Main Affiliation
Scopus Author ID
16833392100
Researcher ID
AAF-8313-2019
F-8971-2017

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  • Publication
    Identifiability Evaluation of Crucial Parameters for Grid Connected Photovoltaic Power Plants Design Optimization
    ( 2021-01-01)
    Tekai Eddine Khalil Zidane
    ;
    Mohd Rafi Adzman
    ;
    Mohammad Faridun Naim Tajuddin
    ;
    Samila Mat Zali
    ;
    Ali Durusu
    ;
    Saad Mekhilef
    ;
    Chun-Lien Su
    ;
    Yacine Terriche
    ;
    Joseph M. Guerrero
    This paper aims to assess the impact of different key factors on the optimized design and performance of grid connected photovoltaic (PV) power plants, as such key factors can lead to re-design the PV plant and affect its optimum performance. The impact on the optimized design and performance of the PV plant is achieved by considering each factor individually. A comprehensive analysis is conducted on nine factors such as; three objectives are predefined, five recent optimization approaches, three different locations around the world, changes in solar irradiance, ambient temperature, and wind speed levels, variation in the available area, PV module type and inverters size. The performance of the PV plant is evaluated for each factor based on five performance parameters such as; energy yield, sizing ratio, performance ratio, ground cover ratio, and energy losses. The results show that the geographic location, a change in meteorological conditions levels, and an increase or decrease in the available area require the re-design of the PV plant. A change in inverter size and PV module type has a significant impact on the configuration of the PV plant leading to an increase in the cost of energy. The predefined objectives and proposed optimization methods can affect the PV plant design by producing completely different structures. Furthermore, most PV plant performance parameters are significantly changed due to the variation of these factors. The results also show the environmental benefit of the PV plant and the great potential to avoid green-house gas emissions from the atmosphere.
  • Publication
    Wireless IoT based overcurrent relay for transmission line protection
    ( 2021-10-29)
    Muhd Hafizi Idris
    ;
    Mohd Rafi Adzman
    ;
    Melaty Amirruddin
    ;
    Izatti Md Amin
    Typically, the relay must be wired from sensor terminals to relay terminals and from relay terminals to trip coils in the substation. This installation comes at a high cost to the utility since several relays are mounted in the substation to protect the transmission line, busbar, transformer, and other equipment. This article proposes a wireless Internet of Things (IoT) overcurrent relay that does not require the installation of wires to transmit measurements and signals from and to the relay. The relay scheme was developed using Matlab Simulink and the scheme model then was built and deployed into the Arduino Wi-Fi MKR 1010 which made the relay a standalone device. Simulink was also used to develop a transmission line system, and the simulation was performed in real-time. To exchange the data between transmission line and relay wirelessly, ThingSpeak platform was used as the cloud where the data are sent to and extracted from. From the real-time simulation, the relay successfully detected the set fault condition and sent the trip signal to open the circuit breaker. The result proves the feasibility of wireless relay to protect the power system. However, many other factors have to be considered and improved in the future to make wireless protection reliable and secure.
  • Publication
    Enhanced two-terminal impedance-based fault location using sequence values
    ( 2023-04-01)
    Muhd Hafizi Idris
    ;
    Mohd Rafi Adzman
    ;
    Mokhlis H.
    ;
    Awalin L.J.
    ;
    Mohammad Faridun Naim Tajuddin
    Fault at transmission line system may lead to major impacts such as power quality problems and cascading failure in the grid system. Thus, it is very important to locate it fast so that suitable solution can be taken to ensure power system stability can be retained. The complexity of the transmission line however makes the fault point identification a challenging task. This paper proposes an enhanced fault detection and location method using positive and negative-sequence values of current and voltage, taken at both local and remote terminals. The fault detection is based on comparison between the total fault current with currents combination during the pre-fault time. While the fault location algorithm was developed using an impedance-based method and the estimated fault location was taken at two cycles after fault detection. Various fault types, fault resistances and fault locations have been tested in order to verify the performance of the proposed method. The developed algorithms have successfully detected all faults within high accuracy. Based on the obtained results, the estimated fault locations are not affected by fault resistance and line charging current. Furthermore, the proposed method able to detect fault location without the needs to know the fault type.
  • Publication
    An integrated of hydrogen fuel cell to distribution network system: Challenging and opportunity for D-STATCOM
    ( 2021-11-01)
    Khaleel M.M.
    ;
    Mohd Rafi Adzman
    ;
    Samila Mat Zali
    The electric power industry sector has become increasingly aware of how counterproduc-tive voltage sag affects distribution network systems (DNS). The voltage sag backfires disastrously at the demand load side and affects equipment in DNS. To settle the voltage sag issue, this paper achieved its primary purpose to mitigate the voltage sag based on integrating a hydrogen fuel cell (HFC) with the DNS using a distribution static synchronous compensator (D-STATCOM) system. Besides, this paper discusses the challenges and opportunities of D-STATCOM in DNS. In this paper, using HFC is well-designed, modeled, and simulated to mitigate the voltage sag in DNS with a positive impact on the environment and an immediate response to the issue of the injection of voltage. Furthermore, this modeling and controller are particularly suitable in terms of cost-effectiveness as well as reliability based on the adaptive network fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), fuzzy logic system (FLC), and proportional–integral (P-I). The effectiveness of the MATLAB simulation is confirmed by implementing the system and carrying out a DNS connection, obtaining efficiencies over 94.5% at three-phase fault for values of injection voltage in HFC D-STATCOM using a P-I controller. Moreover, the HFC D-STATCOM using FLC proved capable of supporting the network by 97.00%. The HFC D-STATCOM based ANFIS proved capable of supporting the network by 98.00% in the DNS.
  • Publication
    A hybrid multi-objective Evolutionary Programming-Firefly Algorithm for different type of Distributed Generation in distribution system
    ( 2022-12-01)
    Noor Najwa Husnaini Mohammad Husni
    ;
    Siti Rafidah Abdul Rahim
    ;
    Mohd Rafi Adzman
    ;
    Hussain M.H.
    ;
    Musirin I.
    ;
    Syahrul Ashikin Azmi
    With the rise in electricity demand, various additional sources of generation, known as Distributed Generation (DG), have been introduced to boost the performance of power systems. A hybrid multi-objective Evolutionary Programming-Firefly Algorithm (MOEPFA) technique is presented in this study for solving multi-objective power system problems which are minimizing total active and reactive power losses and improving voltage profile while considering the cost of energy losses. This MOEPFA is developed by embedding Firefly Algorithm (FA) features into the conventional EP method. The analysis in this study considered DG with 4 different scenarios. Scenario 1 is the base case or without DG, scenario 2 is for DG with injected active power, scenario 3 is for DG injected with reactive power only and scenario 4 is for DG injected with both active and reactive power. The IEEE 69-bus test system is applied to validate the suggested technique.
  • Publication
    A new optimization strategy for wind/diesel/battery hybrid energy system
    ( 2022-01-15)
    Aziz A.S.
    ;
    Mohammad Faridun Naim Tajuddin
    ;
    Hussain M.K.
    ;
    Mohd Rafi Adzman
    ;
    Nur Hafizah Ghazali
    ;
    Ramli M.A.M.
    ;
    Khalil Zidane T.E.
    HOMER software is a powerful tool for modeling and optimization of hybrid energy system (HES). The main two default control strategies in HOMER are load following (LF) and cycle charging (CC) strategies. In these strategies, the decision to use the generator or battery at each time step is made based on the lowest-cost choice. Therefore, these strategies are difficult to be implemented in practice especially in countries with continuous fuel price fluctuations. In this study, a new dispatch strategy based on HOMER-MATLAB Link Controller for an isolated wind/diesel/battery HES is proposed to overcome the limitations of the default HOMER strategies. A detailed technical, economic, and greenhouse gas emission analysis is presented for the system under LF, CC, and the proposed dispatch strategies. Besides offering more realistic optimization, the results show that the proposed strategy offers the best economic and environmental performance with a net present cost of $56473 and annual CO2 emissions of 6838 kg. Furthermore, the sensitivity analysis reveals that the proposed strategy is not affected by the fuel price variation, in opposite to LF, and CC strategies which is affected dramatically by this variation. The findings are of paramount importance towards more realistic and efficient energy management strategies.
  • Publication
    Two-terminal fault detection and location for hybrid transmission circuit
    ( 2021-08-01)
    Muhd Hafizi Idris
    ;
    Mohd Rafi Adzman
    ;
    Mokhlis H.
    ;
    Mohammad Faridun Naim Tajuddin
    ;
    Haziah Abdul Hamid
    ;
    Melaty Amirruddin
    This paper presents the algorithms developed to detect and locate the faults at a hybrid circuit. First, the fault detection algorithm was developed using the comparison of total positive-sequence fault current between pre-fault and fault times to detect the occurrence of a fault. Then, the voltage check method was used to decide whether the fault occurred at overhead line (OHL) or cable section. Finally, the fault location algorithm using the impedance-based method and negative-sequence measurements from both terminals of the circuit were used to estimate the fault point from local terminal. From the tests of various fault conditions including different fault types, fault resistance and fault locations, the proposed method successfully detected all fault cases at around 1 cycle from fault initiation and with correct faulted section identification. Besides that, the fault location algorithm also has very accurate results of fault estimation with average error less than 1 km and 1%.
  • Publication
    Differential equation fault location algorithm with harmonic effects in power system
    ( 2023-06-01)
    Amin I.M.
    ;
    Mohd Rafi Adzman
    ;
    Haziah Abdul Hamid
    ;
    Muhd Hafizi Idris
    ;
    Melaty binti Amirruddin
    ;
    Aliman O.
    About 80% of faults in the power system distribution are earth faults. Studies to find effective methods to identify and locate faults in distribution networks are still relevant, in addition to the presence of harmonic signals that distort waves and create deviations in the power system that can cause many problems to the protection relay. This study focuses on a single line-to-ground (SLG) fault location algorithm in a power system distribution network based on fundamental frequency measured using the differential equation method. The developed algorithm considers the presence of harmonics components in the simulation network. In this study, several filters were tested to obtain the lowest fault location error to reduce the effect of harmonic components on the developed fault location algorithm. The network model is simulated using the alternate transients program (ATP)Draw simulation program. Several fault scenarios have been implemented during the simulation, such as fault resistance, fault distance, and fault inception angle. The final results show that the proposed algorithm can estimate the fault distance successfully with an acceptable fault location error. Based on the simulation results, the differential equation continuous wavelet technique (CWT) filter-based algorithm produced an accurate fault location result with a mean average error (MAE) of less than 5%.
  • Publication
    Impacts of albedo and atmospheric conditions on the efficiency of solar energy: a case study in temperate climate of Choman, Iraq
    ( 2021-01-01)
    Aziz A.S.
    ;
    Mohammad Faridun Naim Tajuddin
    ;
    Mohd Rafi Adzman
    ;
    Ramli M.A.M.
    Temperature and solar radiation have large effects on the performance of photovoltaic (PV) systems. PV cell temperature is related to the ambient temperature, while the solar radiation incident on PV surface depends on the slope and azimuth of the PV panels. Furthermore, ground reflectance (albedo) affects the solar radiation incident on the PV surface and hence influences its performance. Nevertheless, the impact of some important factors on the PV performance such as the ground reflectance at different tilt angles and temperature coefficient of power under Middle East (temperate) climatic conditions are scarcely reported. In this research paper, a techno-economic analysis has been done to investigate the impact of temperature, tilt and azimuth angles, and ground reflectance on the performance of solar energy system. HOMER software was used as a tool in this study where Choman, Iraq, was selected as a case study. The results indicate that with a base case (temperature coefficient of − 0.48%/ Â°C, albedo of 20% and ambient temperature of 11 Â°C), facing the PV to south with a tilt angle of 40° or 45° results in the most economical system by having net present cost of $70595 and cost of energy of $0.54/kWh. Furthermore, PV modules with high sensitivity to temperature are found to be an attractive option based on Choman ambient temperature. Meanwhile, increasing the ground reflectance from 10 to 90% results in an increase of the annual optimum tilt angle from 38° to 52° and a decrease of the PV required capacity from 20.8 to 19.4 kW (for temperature coefficient of − 0.48%/ Â°C). The results prove that the studied parameters must be treated well to establish an enabling environment for PV development in Iraq.