Research Output
Air co-gasification of palm kernel shell and polystyrene: Effect of different polystyrene content
Co-gasification of palm kernel shell and polystyrene plastic: Effect of different operating conditions
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Publication
Plastic waste management has been a problem as most of the plastics are not biodegradable. Although plastics are recyclable, only 21% of total plastic wastes are recycled. Using plastics as gasification feedstock/co-feedstock and converting it to usable energy is one of the solutions of removing plastics waste. Co-gasifying polystyrene (PS) with palm kernel shell (PKS) is promising as both of the feedstocks are abundant and have high energy content. However, the performance of air gasification of PKS and PS has not been studied previously. In this work, co-gasification of PKS and PS was carried out, focusing on the effect of PS content in the feedstock. The PS content was varied from 0 to 30 wt%. By increasing the PS content, the CH4 volume percentage increases, while CO and H2 volume percentage decreases. The high heating value of the producer gas increases with PS content, from 11.95 MJ/Nm3 at 10 wt% PS, to 12.36 MJ/Nm3 at 30 wt% PS. Higher PS content also increases the gas yield percentage.
Publication
Palm kernel shell (PKS) biomass has great potential for power generation via gasification as it contains high energy content. However, abundant it may be, the source of PKS is scattered throughout the country, thus the consistency of feedstock supply may be hard to maintain. Co-gasifying with another source, such as plastics, can be seen as one of a solution to mitigate the supply chain problem. Polystyrene (PS) plastics have potential as a plastic feedstock because of its high domestic and industrial usage. As PS is also hard to recycle, using PS as a co feedstock for gasification is a way for PS waste management. However, the study on the performance of air co-gasification of PKS and PS has not been done before. It is essential to investigate the performance before it is utilized in the real world. In this work, the performance co-gasification of PKS and PS with different operating conditions was investigated. The gasification experiment was done in an electrically heated downdraft gasifier with a diameter of 8 cm. The reaction temperature was varied from 700 to 900 °C, with the equivalence ratio varied from 0.07 to 0.27. The PS weight percentage of the total feedstock was varied from 0 to 30 wt%. It was found that the vol% of CO and H2 on the producer gas increased with temperature while reducing the vol% of CO2 and CH4. HHV and the amount of gas produced were also increasing with increasing temperature. Increasing ER reduced the HHV of the gas but increased the amount of gas produced. Adding more PS to the feedstock blend increased the percentage of the produced gas at 900 °C, however, at the lower temperature of 800 °C, the percentage of gas produced decreased with increasing PS wt%.