Lokman Hakim Ibrahim
Thumbnail Image
Preferred name
Lokman Hakim Ibrahim
Official Name
Lokman Hakim, Ibrahim
Alternative Name
Hakim, I. Lokman
Ibrahim, Lokman Hakim
Main Affiliation
Scopus Author ID
55565188700

Research Output
Now showing 1 - 7 of 7
No Thumbnail Available
Publication

The properties of crumb rubber loading on fly ash based geopolymer mortar

2023 , Reshikesan Ravi , Ahmad Azrem Azmi , Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah , Lokman Hakim Ibrahim , Romisuhani Ahmad , Che Mohd Ruzaidi Ghazali

By replacing traditional Portland cement (OPC) with crumb rubber in fly ash-based geopolymer mortar, waste tyre disposal and natural mineral aggregate use can be reduced, resulting in lower CO2 emissions. Crumb rubber geopolymer mortar is formed when sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) are mixed with fly ash (class F) to make aluminosilicate gel. All of the fly ash geopolymer preparations followed the same ratio of solid to liquid (2:1) and the same ratio of NaOH solution (12M) to Na2SiO3 solution (2.5). Different amounts of crumb rubber (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% by weight of solid) were added to the mixture. The results show that the compressive strength of the geopolymer mortar decreased with increasing crumb rubber loading. The results of the analysis show that the compressive strengths of CR-0%, CR-5%, CR-10%, CR-15%, and CR-20% are 25,59,14,31,11.19,10.38, and 8.16 MPa. The strength is diminished because of inadequate interfacial adhesion between the crumb rubber and geopolymer paste. As the sample weight fell, the percentage of crumb rubber in the geopolymer mortar in-creased, but the density decreased.

View
Thumbnail Image
Publication

Influence of sodium chloride on recycled HDPE in superhydrophobic surface development

2024-12 , Thor Keat Seng , Muhammad Salihin Zakaria , Razif Muhammed Nordin , Khairul Anwar Abdul Halim , Nur Farhana Hayazi , Lokman Hakim Ibrahim

Inspired by lotus leaf, superhydrophobic surfaces have emerged rapidly in recent years. It is due to its excellence ability in self-cleaning and corrosion protection, to name a few. In this research, a green superhydrophobic surface was constructed on the surface of recycled High-Density Polyethylene (rHDPE) by utilizing Sodium chloride (NaCl) as a water-soluble surface modifying agent. The treatment process is simple,and cost-efficient as it only used rHDPE and NaCl as the main materials with additional chemicals and at the same time leave no impact on the environment. Variation of NaCl grinding period influenced the value of CA by which 240 minutes grinded NaCl displayed highest CA of 161.4°. This may be attributed by the increase of surface roughness as the grinding time increase. Furthermore, the surface morphology, topography, and self-cleaning ability of superhydrophobic surafce were analyzed to further understand the surface characteristics. The anti-sticking and self-cleaning properties were successfully displayed by the superhydrophobic surface thus, showing its potential as an eco-friendly material.

View
No Thumbnail Available
Publication

Effect of Titanium Dioxide in superhydrophobic coating using expanded polystyrene foam and palm slag

2023 , Nur Zalifah Hasmadi , Muhammad Salihin Zakaria , Razif Muhammed Nordin , Khairul Anwar Abdul Halim , Nur Fatihah Mohd Fadzil , Lokman Hakim Ibrahim

A simple solvent casting method was proposed to prepare a superhydrophobic expanded polystyrene (EPS)/stearic acid modified palm slag (SA-PS)/titanium dioxide (TiO₂) coating with excellent water contact angle. The influence of components, such as mass ratio of palm slag to TiO₂ as well as the influence of TiO₂ on the morphology and wettability of coating, was evaluated. The morphology, tear behavior, surface roughness, and water contact angle were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), scratch tester, 3D profilometer, and ImageJ software, respectively. The results displayed that the superhydrophobic coating exhibited highest WCA of 151.93° under the optimum condition formula. Additionally, the superhydrophobic EPS/SA-PS/TiO₂ showed non-wetting ability. Thus, the existence of a micro/nano-hierarchical structure of superhydrophobic EPS/SA-PS/TiO₂ may provide potential practical applications that are useful in many industries such as automotive or shipping.

View
No Thumbnail Available
Publication

Short review: corrosion mitigation of AZ31 Magnesium alloy by superhydrophobic coatings

2023 , Nur Fatihah Mohd Fadzil , Muhammad Salihin Zakaria , Razif Muhammed Nordin , Khairul Anwar Abdul Halim , Lokman Hakim Ibrahim

Corrosion is a slow chemical process that protects metals from deterioration. This can be accomplished in a variety of ways, one of which is coating protection. All such metals and their objects are usually coated with a protective coating. Due to their ability to resist corrosion, these protective coatings can provide a better esthetic as well as a longer lifespan than uncoated ones. Superhydrophobic coatings provide various applications, especially, in corrosion protection due to their water-repellent properties, which can be reflected by measuring the degree of water contact angle. In this short review, different fabrication methods of the superhydrophobic coating were discovered to give good water contact angles and at the same time enhance the anticorrosion performance of the AZ31 Mg alloy. Tafel polarization curve as well as Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy is able to provide the necessary assessment of corrosion protection performance of AZ31 Mg alloy.

View
Thumbnail Image
Publication

Synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles via cellar spider extract for enhanced functional properties in antimicrobial activities

2024-06 , Jasni Mohamed Ismail , Muhammad Nur Aiman Uda , M. A. R. Irfan , Mohd Khairul Rabani Hashim , Zainal Abidin Arsat , Uda Hashim , Hafiza Shukor , M. N. Afnan Uda , Lokman Hakim Ibrahim , Shahidah Arina Shamsuddin , Nor Azizah Parmin , Muzamir Isa , Mohamad Zaim Mohamad Zain , R. A. Ilyas , Tijjani Adam

This study explores the green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) using cellar spider extracts as a sustainable alternative to traditional methods involving hazardous chemicals and radiation. The spider extracts effectively reduced zinc acetate dihydrate, yielding white precipitates indicative of ZnO NPs. Characterization through SEM revealed diverse morphologies, including spherical, rod-like, hexagonal, and uneven particles forming platelet-like aggregates. Further analyses, such as HPM, 3D nanoprofiler, and EDS, provided insights into size, shape, morphology, surface chemistry, thermal stability, and optical characteristics, quantifying the intended properties of the synthesized ZnO NPs. Antibacterial assays against E. coli and B. subtilis demonstrated significant antibacterial activity, affirming the nanoparticles' potential for antimicrobial applications. This green synthesis approach, validated through comprehensive characterization and quantitative measurements, offers a promising and environmentally friendly route for producing functional ZnO NPs.

View
No Thumbnail Available
Publication

Properties of natural rubber/ethylene propylene diene monomer/recycled latex catheter (NR/EPDM/rLC) ternary blends: Cure characteristics and hardness

2013 , Lokman Hakim Ibrahim , Nik Noriman Zulkepli , Sam Sung Ting , Luqman Musa , Rosniza Hamzah

Currently, the recycled rubber widely being used in rubber technology. Due to difficulty on reprocessing techniques, the vulcanized rubbers being a big problem in the recycled field. One of the main forms of discharge rubber is to apply as fuel to generate electricity and steam, this process is still in use but creates a new problem of air pollution and is also a low value to recovery process of the rubber waste [. Polymer compounds are being used extensively in numerous applications such as roofing and mulch product. A rubber blends can offer a better properties that gives high performance in application area that being used

View
Thumbnail Image
Publication

Short review: biowaste as a source of silica and Its application as a filler to fabricate the superhydrophobic silica-based coating

2024-03 , Nur Fatihah Mohd Fadzil , Muhammad Salihin Zakaria , Khairul Anwar Abdul Halim , Nur Farhana Hayazi , Lokman Hakim Ibrahim , Razif Muhammed Nordin

Silica (SiO2) plays a major key ingredient in producing products such as toothpaste, ceramics, and paints, to name a few, as it acts as a stabilizing agent, filler and additive. Due to its excellent properties, the use of high-purity SiO2 in industrial applications is favourable. Unfortunately, high-purity SiO2 is expensive. Tetraethyl Orthosilicate (TEOS) is an example of a SiO2 precursor that is costly and harmful, yet frequently employed. This paper provides a short review of the advantages of biowaste materials as SiO2 precursors and their role as fillers in the fabrication of superhydrophobic coating. Researchers nowadays are attempting to lower the expense of employing high-purity SiO2 by extracting silica from biowaste using many methods such as acid leaching and alkali treatment as this option is highly sustainable. The growth of agricultural industries is exponential due to the increase in biowaste production. Therefore, this is one of the ways to utilize the use of biowaste in combatting the environmental issues regarding excess biowaste and receding pure resources. SiO2 from biowaste also can be utilized as filler and used to develop superhydrophobic coating, providing numerous potential applications.

View